George MacDonald

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George MacDonald

George MacDonald (10 December 1824 — 18 September 1905) was a Scottish

Scotland

conventional_long_name = ScotlandAlba|common_name= Scotland|image_flag = Flag of Scotland.svg|flag_width = 130px...
author, poet

Poet

A poet is a person who writes poetry....
, and Christian

Christian

A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a Monotheism#Christian view religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus and interpreted by Christians to have been prophesied in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament....
minister.

Though no longer well known, his works (particularly his fairy tale

Fairy tale

A fairy tale is a fictional story that may feature folklore characters such as Fairy, goblins, Elf, trolls, giant , and talking animals, and usually enchanted, often involving a far-fetched sequence of events....
s and fantasy novels) have inspired admiration in such notables as W. H. Auden

W. H. Auden

Wystan Hugh Auden who signed his works W. H. Auden, was an Anglo-American poet, regarded by many as one of the greatest writers of the 20th century....
, J. R. R. Tolkien

J. R. R. Tolkien

John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, Order of the British Empire was an English people English literature, poetry, Philology, and university professor, best known as the author of the classic high fantasy works The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings and The Silmarillion....
, and Madeleine L'Engle

Madeleine L'Engle

C. S. Lewis

Clive Staples Lewis , commonly referred to as C. S. Lewis and known to his friends and family as Jack, was an academic, medievalist, literary critic, essayist, lay theologian and Christian apologist....
wrote that he regarded MacDonald as his "master". Picking up a copy of Phantastes
Phantastes

Phantastes: A Faerie Romance for Men and Women is a fantasy novel written by George MacDonald, first published in London in 1858. Its importance was recognized in its later revival in paperback by Ballantine Books as the fourteenth volume of the celebrated Ballantine Adult Fantasy series in April 1970....
one day at a train-station bookstall, he began to read: "A few hours later," said Lewis, "I knew that I had crossed a great frontier." G. K. Chesterton

G. K. Chesterton

Gilbert Keith Chesterton was one of the most influential English writers of the 20th century. His prolific and diverse output included journalism, philosophy, poetry, biography, Christian apologetics, fantasy and detective fiction....
cited The Princess and the Goblin
The Princess and the Goblin

The Princess and the Goblin is a children's fantasy novel by George MacDonald. It was published in 1872 by Strahan & Co.The sequel to this book is The Princess and Curdie, in which Princess Irene and Curdie are a year or two older, and must overthrow a set of corrupt ministers who are poisoning Irene's father, the king....
as a book that had "made a difference to my whole existence."

Elizabeth Yates

Elizabeth Yates

Elizabeth Yates was a prolific United States author. She is perhaps best know for her Newbery Medal winning novel Amos Fortune, Free Man. Book about a man who is taken away as a slave from his father........
wrote of Sir Gibbie
Sir Gibbie

Sir Gibbie is a novel by George MacDonald. It is notable for its Doric dialect dialogue, but has been criticised for being part of the kailyard movement....
, "It moved me the way books did when, as a child, the great gates of literature began to open and first encounters with noble thoughts and utterances were unspeakably thrilling."

Even Mark Twain

Mark Twain

Samuel Langhorne Clemens , better known by the pen name Mark Twain, was an United Statesmerican author and humorist. Twain is most noted for his novels Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, which has since been called the Great American Novel, and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer....
, who initially disliked MacDonald, became friends with him, and there is some evidence that Twain was influenced by MacDonald.

man who was to inspire such feeling was born on December 10, 1824 at Huntly, Aberdeenshire, Scotland

Scotland

conventional_long_name = ScotlandAlba|common_name= Scotland|image_flag = Flag of Scotland.svg|flag_width = 130px...
.

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Biography

The man who was to inspire such feeling was born on December 10, 1824 at Huntly, Aberdeenshire, Scotland

Scotland

conventional_long_name = ScotlandAlba|common_name= Scotland|image_flag = Flag of Scotland.svg|flag_width = 130px...
. His father, a farmer, was one of the MacDonalds of Glen Coe

Glen Coe

Glen Coe is a glen in the Scottish Highlands of Scotland. It lies in the southern part of the Lochaber committee area of Highland Council, and was formerly part of the Counties of Scotland of Argyll....
, and a direct descendant of one of the families that suffered in the massacre of 1692

Massacre of Glencoe

The Massacre of Glencoe occurred in Glen Coe, Scotland, in the early morning of 13 February, 1692, during the era of the "Glorious Revolution" and Jacobitism....
. The Doric dialect

Doric dialect (Scotland)

Doric was formerly used to refer to all dialects of Scots language but is now usually used as a name for the dialect spoken in the north-east of Scotland....
of the area frequently appears in the dialogue of some of his non-fantasy novels.

MacDonald grew up influenced by his Congregational Church

Congregational church

Congregational churches are Protestantism Christianity churches practicing congregationalist church governance, in which each Wiktionary:congregation independently and autonomously runs its own affairs....
, with an atmosphere of Calvinism

Calvinism

Calvinism is a theology system and an approach to the Christian life that emphasizes the rule of God over all things. It was developed by several theologians, but it bears the name of the French Protestant Reformation John Calvin because of his prominent influence on it and because of his role in the confessional and ecclesiastical debates t...
. But MacDonald never felt comfortable with some aspects of Calvinist doctrine; indeed, legend has it that when the doctrine of predestination

Predestination

Predestination is a religion concept, which involves the relationship between God and His creation. The religious character of predestination distinguishes it from other ideas about determinism and free will....
was first explained to him, he burst into tears (although assured that he was one of the elect). Later novels, such as Robert Falconer and Lilith
Lilith (novel)

Lilith is a Fantasy literature written by Scotland writer George MacDonald and first published in 1895. Its importance was recognized in its later revival in paperback by Ballantine Books as the fifth volume of the celebrated Ballantine Adult Fantasy series in September 1969....
, show a distaste for the idea that God's electing love is limited to some and denied to others. Especially in his Unspoken Sermons he shows a highly developed theology.

He took his degree at the University of Aberdeen

University of Aberdeen

The University of Aberdeen is an ancient university founded in 1495, in Old Aberdeen, Scotland. It is the fifth oldest university in what is now the United Kingdom, and in the wider English-speaking world....
, and then went to London

London

London is the capital of both England and the United Kingdom, and the most populous municipality in the European Union. An important settlement for two millennia, History of London goes back to its founding by the Roman Empire....
, studying at Highbury College

Highbury College

Highbury College is a further education college in Portsmouth, Hampshire. It currently offers a large range of vocational and academic courses to full and part-time students....
for the Congregational ministry.

In 1850 he was appointed pastor of Trinity Congregational Church, Arundel

Arundel

Arundel is a market town and civil parish in the South Downs of West Sussex in the south of England. It lies south southwest of London, west of Brighton, and east of the county town of Chichester....
, but his sermons (preaching God's universal love and the possibility that none would, ultimately, fail to unite with God) met with little favour and his salary was cut in half. Later he was engaged in ministerial work in Manchester

Manchester

Manchester is a city and metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England. Manchester was granted City status in the United Kingdom in 1853....
. He left that because of poor health, and after a short sojourn in Algiers

Algiers

Algiers Nicknamed El-Bahdja or Alger la Blanche for the glistening white of its buildings as seen rising up from the sea, Algiers is situated on the west side of a bay of the Mediterranean Sea....
he settled in London and taught for some time at the University of London. MacDonald was also for a time editor of Good Words for the Young, and lectured successfully in the United States

United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
during 1872-1873.

His best-known works are Phantastes
Phantastes

Phantastes: A Faerie Romance for Men and Women is a fantasy novel written by George MacDonald, first published in London in 1858. Its importance was recognized in its later revival in paperback by Ballantine Books as the fourteenth volume of the celebrated Ballantine Adult Fantasy series in April 1970....
, The Princess and the Goblin
The Princess and the Goblin

The Princess and the Goblin is a children's fantasy novel by George MacDonald. It was published in 1872 by Strahan & Co.The sequel to this book is The Princess and Curdie, in which Princess Irene and Curdie are a year or two older, and must overthrow a set of corrupt ministers who are poisoning Irene's father, the king....
, At the Back of the North Wind
At the Back of the North Wind

At the Back of the North Wind is a children's book by George MacDonald, published in 1871. It is a fantasy centered around a boy named Diamond and his adventures with the North Wind....
, and Lilith
Lilith (novel)

Lilith is a Fantasy literature written by Scotland writer George MacDonald and first published in 1895. Its importance was recognized in its later revival in paperback by Ballantine Books as the fifth volume of the celebrated Ballantine Adult Fantasy series in September 1969....
, all fantasy novels, and fairy tales such as "The Light Princess

The Light Princess

The Light Princess is a fairy tale by George MacDonald. It was published in 1864....
", "The Golden Key

The Golden Key

The Golden Key is a fairy tale written by George MacDonald. It was published in 1867 .It is particularly noted for the intensity of the suggestive imagery, which implies a spiritual meaning to the story without providing a transparent allegory for the events in it....
", and "The Wise Woman". "I write, not for children," he wrote, "but for the child-like, whether they be of five, or fifty, or seventy-five." MacDonald also published some volumes of sermons, the pulpit not having proved an unreservedly successful venue.

MacDonald also served as a mentor to Lewis Carroll

Lewis Carroll

Charles Lutwidge Dodgson , better known by the pen name Lewis Carroll , was an England author, mathematics, logician, Anglican deacon and photographer....
(the pen-name of Rev. Charles Lutwidge Dodgson); it was MacDonald's advice, and the enthusiastic reception of Alice
Alice's Adventures in Wonderland

Alice's Adventures in Wonderland is a novel written by England author Charles Lutwidge Dodgson under the pseudonym Lewis Carroll. It tells the story of a girl named Alice who falls down a Rabbit hole into a fantasy world populated by peculiar and anthropomorphic creatures....
by MacDonald's three young daughters, that convinced Carroll to submit Alice for publication. Carroll, one of the finest Victorian photographers, also created photographic portraits of the girls and their brother Greville.

MacDonald was also friends with John Ruskin

John Ruskin

John Ruskin was a British art critic and social thought, also remembered as an author, poet and artist. His essays on art and architecture were extremely influential in the Victorian era and Edwardian period eras....
and served as a go-between in Ruskin's long courtship with Rose la Touche

Rose la Touche

Rose La Touche was the major love in the life of John Ruskin.Ruskin met Rose when she was ten years old, and fell in love with her when she was eleven....
.

MacDonald was acquainted with most of the literary luminaries of the day; a surviving group photograph shows him with Tennyson, Dickens

Charles Dickens

Charles John Huffam Dickens, Royal Society of Arts , pen-name "Boz", was the most popular English people novelist of the Victorian era, as well as a vigorous Reform movement....
, Wilkie Collins

Wilkie Collins

William Wilkie Collins was an English people novelist, playwright, and author of short stories. He was hugely popular in his time, and wrote 27 novels, more than 50 short stories, at least 15 plays, and over 100 pieces of non-fiction work....
, Trollope

Anthony Trollope

Anthony Trollope became one of the most successful, prolific and respected English language novelists of the Victorian era. Some of Trollope's best-loved works, known as the Chronicles of Barsetshire, revolve around the imaginary county of Barsetshire; he also wrote penetrating novels on politics, social, gender issues and conflicts of hi...
, Ruskin

John Ruskin

George Henry Lewes

George Henry Lewes was an England philosopher and critic of literature and theatre....
, and Thackeray

William Makepeace Thackeray

William Makepeace Thackeray was an England novelist of the 19th century. He was famous for his satire works, particularly Vanity Fair , a panoramic portrait of English society....
. While in America he was a friend of Longfellow

Longfellow

Longfellow may refer to:* Longfellow, Minneapolis, United States** Longfellow , Minneapolis, United States* Longfellow, Oakland, California, United States...
and Walt Whitman

Walt Whitman

Walter Whitman was an United States Poetry of the United States, essayist, journalism, and humanism. He was a part of the transition between Transcendentalism and literary realism, incorporating both views in his works....
.

In 1877 he was given a civil list

Civil list

A civil list is a list of individuals to whom money is paid by the government....
pension

Pension

In general, a pension is an arrangement to provide people with an income when they are no longer earning a regular income from employment.The terms retirement plan or superannuation refer to a pension granted upon retirement ....
. He died on 18 September 1905 in Ashtead

Ashtead

Ashtead is a large village situated within the Green belt of Surrey, England, and is part of the suburbia of London. It is separated from Leatherhead by the M25 motorway, and from Epsom by Ashtead Common....
(Surrey). He was cremated and buried in Bordighera

Bordighera

Bordighera is a town and comune the in the Province of Imperia, Liguria ....
.

As hinted above, MacDonald's use of fantasy as a literary medium for exploring the human condition greatly influenced a generation of such notable authors as C. S. Lewis

C. S. Lewis

Clive Staples Lewis , commonly referred to as C. S. Lewis and known to his friends and family as Jack, was an academic, medievalist, literary critic, essayist, lay theologian and Christian apologist....
(who featured him as a character in his The Great Divorce
The Great Divorce

The Great Divorce is a work of fantasy by C. S. Lewis that portrays Christian perceptions of the afterlife allegorically, specifically one individual's journey from hell/purgatory to heaven and salvation....
), J. R. R. Tolkien

J. R. R. Tolkien

Madeleine L'Engle

Madeleine L'Engle was an United States writer best known for her Young-adult fiction, particularly the Newbery Medal-winning A Wrinkle in Time and its sequels A Wind in the Door, A Swiftly Tilting Planet, Many Waters, and An Acceptable Time....
. MacDonald's non-fantasy novels, such as Alec Forbes, had their influence as well; they were among the first realistic Scottish novels, and as such MacDonald has been credited with founding the "kailyard school

Kailyard school

The Kailyard school of Scottish literature came into being at the end of the nineteenth century as a reaction against what was seen as increasingly coarse writing representing Scotland life complete with all its blemishes....
" of Scottish writing.

His son Greville MacDonald

Greville MacDonald

Greville MacDonald , was the son of influential fantasy writer George MacDonald.Greville trained as a medical doctor, and rose to become a noted nose specialist in Harley St., and President of the British Medical Association's nose division....
became a noted medical specialist, and also wrote numerous novels for children. Greville ensured that new editions of his father's works were published. Another son, Ronald MacDonald, was also a novelist. Ronald's son, Philip MacDonald

Philip MacDonald

Philip MacDonald was an England author of Thriller . He was the grandson of the writer George MacDonald and son of the author Ronald MacDonald and the actress Constance Robertson....
, (George MacDonald's grandson) became a very well-known Hollywood screenwriter.

Theology

MacDonald rejected the doctrine of penal Substitutionary atonement

Substitutionary atonement

Substitutionary atonement is a doctrine in Christian theology which states that Jesus died – intentionally and willingly – on the Christian cross as a propitiation, or substitute, for sinners....
as put forward by John Calvin

John Calvin

John Calvin was an influential French people theology and pastor during the Protestant Reformation. He was a principal figure in the development of the system of Christian theology later called Calvinism....
which argues that Christ has taken the place of sinners and is punished by God in their place, believing that in turn it raised serious questions about the character and nature of God. Instead, he taught that Christ had come to save people from their sins, and not from a Divine penalty for their sins. The problem was not the need to appease a wrathful God but the disease of cosmic evil itself. George MacDonald frequently described the Atonement

Atonement

The atonement is a doctrine found within both Christianity and Judaism. It describes how sin can be forgiven by God. In Judaism, Atonement is said to be the process of forgiving or pardoning a transgression....
in terms similar to the Christus Victor

Christus Victor

Gustaf Aul?n's Christus VictorThe term Christus Victor comes from the title of Gustaf Aul?n's groundbreaking book first published in 1931 where he drew attention back to this classic early Church understanding of the Atonement....
theory. MacDonald posed the rhetorical question, "Did he not foil and slay evil by letting all the waves and billows of its horrid sea break upon him, go over him, and die without rebound—spend their rage, fall defeated, and cease? Verily, he made atonement!"

MacDonald was convinced that God does not punish except to amend, and that the sole end of His greatest anger is the amelioration of the guilty. As the doctor uses fire and steel in certain deep-seated diseases, so God may use hell-fire if necessary to heal the hardened sinner. MacDonald declared, "I believe that no hell will be lacking which would help the just mercy of God to redeem his children." MacDonald posed the rhetorical question, "When we say that God is Love, do we teach men that their fear of Him is groundless?" He replied, "No. As much as they fear will come upon them, possibly far more. … The wrath will consume what they call themselves; so that the selves God made shall appear." However, true repentance, in the sense of freely chosen moral growth, is essential to this process, and, in MacDonald's optimistic view, inevitable for all beings. He recognized the theoretical possibility that, bathed in the eschatological divine light, some might perceive right and wrong for what they are but still refuse to be transfigured by operation of God's fires of love, but he did not think this likely.

In this theology of divine punishment, MacDonald stands in agreement with the Greek Church Fathers

Church Fathers

The Church Fathers, Early Church Fathers, or Fathers of the Church are the early and influential theology and writers in the Christian Church, particularly those of the first five centuries of Christian history....
St. Clement of Alexandria

Clement of Alexandria

Clement of Alexandria , was the first notable member of the Christianity of Alexandria, and one of its most distinguished teachers. He was born about the middle of the 2nd century, and died between 211 and 216....
, Origen

Origen

Origen was an Early Christianity scholar, theology, and one of the most distinguished of the early Church father of the Christian Church. According to tradition, he is held to have been an Ancient Egypt who taught in Alexandria, reviving the Catechetical School of Alexandria where Clement of Alexandria had taught....
, and St. Gregory of Nyssa

Gregory of Nyssa

Gregory of Nyssa was a Christian bishop and saint. He was a younger brother of Basil the Great and a good friend of Gregory Nazianzus. His significance has long been recognized in the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Roman Catholic branches of Christianity....
, although it is unknown whether MacDonald had a working familiarity with Patristics

Patristics

Patristics or Patrology is the study of early Christian writers, known as the Church Fathers. The names derive from the Latin pater . The period is generally considered to run from the end of New Testament times until around the 8th century....
or Eastern Orthodox Christianity. At least an indirect influence is likely, because F. D. Maurice who influenced MacDonald knew the Greek Fathers, especially Clement, very well. MacDonald states his theological views most distinctly in the sermon found in the third volume of Unspoken Sermons.

In his introduction to George MacDonald: An Anthology, C. S. Lewis

C. S. Lewis

Influence on pop culture

Rock group The Waterboys
The Waterboys

The Waterboys are a band formed in 1983 by Mike Scott . The band's membership, past and present, has been composed mainly of musicians from Scotland, Ireland and England....
titled their album Room to Roam
Room to Roam

Room to Roam is an album by The Waterboys; it continued the folk-rock sound of 1988's Fisherman's Blues, but was less of a commercial success, reaching one-hundred and eighty on the Billboard magazine Top 200 after its release in September 1990 ....
after a passage in MacDonald's Phantastes, also found in Lilith. The title track of the album comprises a MacDonald poem from the text of Phantastes set to music by the band. The works Lilith
Lilith (novel)

Lilith is a Fantasy literature written by Scotland writer George MacDonald and first published in 1895. Its importance was recognized in its later revival in paperback by Ballantine Books as the fifth volume of the celebrated Ballantine Adult Fantasy series in September 1969....
and Phantastes
Phantastes

Phantastes: A Faerie Romance for Men and Women is a fantasy novel written by George MacDonald, first published in London in 1858. Its importance was recognized in its later revival in paperback by Ballantine Books as the fourteenth volume of the celebrated Ballantine Adult Fantasy series in April 1970....
are both named as books in a library, in the title track of another Waterboys album, Universal Hall
Universal Hall

Universal Hall is a 2003 music album released by The Waterboys. It is named after the theatre and performance hall at the Findhorn Foundation, which is pictured on the album cover....
. The Waterboys have also quoted from C.S. Lewis in several songs including Church Not Made With Hands and Further Up, Further In, confirming the enduring link in modern pop culture between Macdonald and Lewis.

A verse from The Light Princess
The Light Princess

The Light Princess is a fairy tale by George MacDonald. It was published in 1864....
is cited in the Beauty and the Beast song by Nightwish
Nightwish

Nightwish is a Finns symphonic metal power metal band, formed in 1996 in Kitee, Finland. The band has sold more than 4 million CDs, DVDs and online material internationally....
.

Contemporary new-age musician Jeff Johnson
Jeff Johnson (musician)

Jeff Johnson is a musician residing in Camano Island, WA. Stemming from a progressive-rock background, he works within a contemporary artistic-Christian framework, and precedes much of the New Age music to which much of his music would later be compared....
wrote a song titled The Golden Key based on George MacDonald's story of the same name. He has also written several other songs inspired by MacDonald and the Inklings
Inklings

The Inklings was an informal literature discussion group associated with the University of Oxford, England, for nearly two decades between the early 1930s and late 1949....
.

Christian
Contemporary Christian music

Contemporary Christian Music is a genre of popular music which is lyrically focused on matters concerned with the Christianity. The term is typically used to refer to the Nashville, Tennessee-based pop music, Rock music, and Contemporary worship music Christian music industry, currently represented by artists such as...
celtic punk
Celtic punk

Celtic punk is punk rock mixed with traditional Celtic music. The genre was founded in the 1980s by The Pogues, a band of punk musicians in London who celebrated their Irish heritage....
band Ballydowse
Ballydowse

Ballydowse is a celtic punk rock band from Chicago, Illinois with a rare mix of anarchist and religious ideas infused into their music. Many of the group's members were from the Jesus People U.S.A....
have a song called "George MacDonald" on their album Out of the Fertile Crescent. The song liberally quotes from "Phantastes."

Jazz pianist and recording artist Ray Lyon has a song called "Up The Spiral Stairs" on his CD "Beginning To See" which was released in 2007. The song features lyrics from MacDonald's September 26 and 27 devotional readings from the book "Diary of An Old Soul".

Partial list of works

Within and Without
Within and Without

Within and Without is a 1855 dramatic poem by George Macdonald.External links...
(1855)
Poems (1857)
Phantastes
Phantastes

Phantastes: A Faerie Romance for Men and Women is a fantasy novel written by George MacDonald, first published in London in 1858. Its importance was recognized in its later revival in paperback by Ballantine Books as the fourteenth volume of the celebrated Ballantine Adult Fantasy series in April 1970....
(1858)
Cross Purposes (1862)
David Elginbrod
David Elginbrod

David Elginbrod is a 1863 novel by George Macdonald. It is MacDonald's first realistic novel....
(1863) (republished as The Tutor's First Love)
The Portent (1864)
Adela Cathcart (1864) (contains The Light Princess
The Light Princess

The Light Princess is a fairy tale by George MacDonald. It was published in 1864....
, The Shadows
The Shadows (MacDonald)

The Shadows is a fairy tale by George MacDonald....
, The Giant's Heart, My Uncle Peter, A Journey Rejourneyed and other shorter stories)
A Hidden Life and Other Poems (1864)
Alec Forbes of Howglen
Alec Forbes of Howglen

Alec Forbes of Howglen is a novel by George MacDonald, first published in 1865 and is primarily concerned with Scotland country life....
(1865) (republished as The Maiden's Bequest)
Annals of a Quiet Neighbourhood (1867)
Unspoken Sermons (1867)
Dealings with the Fairies (1867) (contains The Golden Key
The Golden Key

The Golden Key is a fairy tale written by George MacDonald. It was published in 1867 .It is particularly noted for the intensity of the suggestive imagery, which implies a spiritual meaning to the story without providing a transparent allegory for the events in it....
)
The Disciple and Other Poems (1867)
Guild Court: A London Story (1868)
Robert Falconer (1868) (republished as The Musician's Quest)
England's Antiphon (1868, 1874)
The Seaboard Parish (1868)
The Miracles of Our Lord (1870)
At the Back of the North Wind
At the Back of the North Wind

At the Back of the North Wind is a children's book by George MacDonald, published in 1871. It is a fantasy centered around a boy named Diamond and his adventures with the North Wind....
(1871)
Ranald Bannerman's Boyhood
Ranald Bannerman's Boyhood

Ranald Bannerman's Boyhood is a realistic, largely autobiographical, novel by George MacDonald. It was first published in 1871....
(1871)
Works of Fancy and Imagination (1871)
Wilfrid Cumbermede (1871, 1872)
The Vicar's Daughter (1871, 1872)
The Princess and the Goblin
The Princess and the Goblin

The Princess and the Goblin is a children's fantasy novel by George MacDonald. It was published in 1872 by Strahan & Co.The sequel to this book is The Princess and Curdie, in which Princess Irene and Curdie are a year or two older, and must overthrow a set of corrupt ministers who are poisoning Irene's father, the king....
(1872)
The History of Gutta-Percha Willie, the Working Genius (1873)
Malcolm (1875) (republished as a two-volume work containing The Fisherman's Lady and The Marquis' Secret)
The Lost Princess
The Lost Princess

The Lost Princess, first published as The Wise Woman: A Parable, is an 1875 fairy tale by George MacDonald.External links* * * ...
(1875) [alternative title: * The Wise Woman: A Parable]
Exotics (1876)
St. George and St. Michael (1876)
Thomas Wingfold, Curate (1876) (republished as The Curate's Awakening)
The Marquis of Lossie (1877) (republished asThe Marquis’ Secret)
Paul Faber, Surgeon (1879) (republished asThe Lady's Confession)
Sir Gibbie
Sir Gibbie

Sir Gibbie is a novel by George MacDonald. It is notable for its Doric dialect dialogue, but has been criticised for being part of the kailyard movement....
(1879) (republished as The Baronet's Song)
A Book of Strife, in the Form of the Diary of an Old Soul (1880)
Mary Marston (1881) (republished as A Daughter's Devotion)
Warlock O' Glenwarlock (also entitled The Laird's Inheritance or Castle Warlock)
Weighed and Wanting (1882) (republished as A Gentlewoman's Choice)
The Gifts of the Child Christ and Other Tales (1882)
Orts: Chiefly Papers on the Imagination, and on Shakespeare (1882)
The Day Boy and the Night Girl
The Day Boy and the Night Girl

The Day Boy and Night Girl, also referred to as The Romance of Photogen and Nycteris is a 1882 fairy tale novel by George MacDonald....
(1882)
The Princess and Curdie
The Princess and Curdie

The Princess and Curdie is a children's Classic, fantasy novel by George MacDonald from late 1883.The book is the sequel to The Princess and the Goblin....
(1883, sequel to ' The Princess and the Goblin
The Princess and the Goblin

The Princess and the Goblin is a children's fantasy novel by George MacDonald. It was published in 1872 by Strahan & Co.The sequel to this book is The Princess and Curdie, in which Princess Irene and Curdie are a year or two older, and must overthrow a set of corrupt ministers who are poisoning Irene's father, the king....
')
Donal Grant (1883) (republished as The Shepherd's Castle) Companion story of Gibbie and his friend Donal
A Threefold Cord: Poems by Three Friends (1883)
Preface to Letters from Hell
Letters from Hell

Letters from Hell is a didactic Christian novel by the Denmark priest and author Valdemar Adolph Thisted , The work was published in Copenhagen in 1866 and went through 12 editions in its first year....
by LWJS (1884)
The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke: A Study with the Test of the Folio of 1623 (1885)
Unspoken Sermons, Second Series (1885)
What's Mine's Mine
What's Mine's Mine

What's Mine's Mine is a 1886 novel by George Macdonald....
(1886) (republished as The Highlander's Last Song)
Poems (1887)
Home Again, a Tale (1887) (republished as The Poet's Homecoming)
The Elect Lady
The Elect Lady

The Elect Lady is an 1888 in literature novel by George MacDonald....
(1888) (republished as The Landlady's Master)
Unspoken Sermons, Third Series (1889)
A Rough Shaking (1891)
There and Back (1891 (republished as The Baron's Apprenticeship)
The Flight of the Shadow (1891)
A Cabinet of Gems (1891)
Life Essential: The Hope of the Gospel (1892)
Heather and Snow (1893) (republished as The Peasant Girl's Dream)
A Dish of Orts (1893)
The Poetical Works (1893) (including many previously unpublished poems)
Scotch Songs and Ballads (1893)
Lilith
Lilith (novel)

Lilith is a Fantasy literature written by Scotland writer George MacDonald and first published in 1895. Its importance was recognized in its later revival in paperback by Ballantine Books as the fifth volume of the celebrated Ballantine Adult Fantasy series in September 1969....
(1895)
Salted with Fire (1896) (republished as The Minister's Restoration)
Far above Rubies (1898)
Evenor
Evenor (collection)

Evenor is a collection of fantasy novelettes by 19th century Scotland author George MacDonald, edited by Lin Carter. It was first published in paperback by Ballantine Books as the fifty-third volume of its celebrated Ballantine Adult Fantasy series in November 1972....
(1972 (collection of three stories)

George MacDonald

Biography

Theology

Influence on pop culture

Partial list of works

See also

Further reading

External links