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Gene pool

 

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Gene pool



 
 
In population genetics
Population genetics

Population genetics is the study of the allele frequency distribution and change under the influence of the four evolutionary processes: natural selection, genetic drift, mutation and gene flow....
, a gene pool is the complete set of unique allele
Allele

An allele is one member of a pair or series of different forms of a gene. Usually alleles are coding region, but sometimes the term is used to refer to a junk DNA....
s in a species
Species

In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring....
 or population
Population

File:Population density.pngIn biology, a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular species; in sociology, a collection of human beings....
.

rge gene pool indicates extensive genetic diversity
Genetic diversity

Genetic diversity is a level of biodiversity that refers to the total number of Genetics characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species. It is distinguished from genetic variability, which describes the tendency of genetic characteristics to vary....
, which is associated with robust populations that can survive bouts of intense selection
Selection

In the context of evolution, certain traits or alleles of a species may be subject to selection depending on the Pragmatics the user has with the word....
. Meanwhile, low genetic diversity (see inbreeding
Inbreeding

Inbreeding is biological reproduction between close Kinships, whether plant or animal. If practiced repeatedly, it leads to an increase in homozygosity of a population....
 and population bottleneck
Population bottleneck

A population bottleneck is an evolutionary event in which a significant percentage of a population or species is killed or otherwise prevented from reproducing....
s) can cause reduced biological fitness
Fitness (biology)

Fitness is a central concept in evolution. It describes the capability of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce, and usually is equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation....
 and an increased chance of extinction
Extinction

In biology and ecology, extinction is the death of every member of a species or group of taxon. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of that species ....
.

When all individuals in a population are identical with regard to a particular phenotypic trait they are known as monomorphic
Monomorphism

In the context of abstract algebra or universal algebra, a monomorphism is an Injective function homomorphism. A monomorphism from X to Y is often denoted with the notation ....
.






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Encyclopedia


In population genetics
Population genetics

Population genetics is the study of the allele frequency distribution and change under the influence of the four evolutionary processes: natural selection, genetic drift, mutation and gene flow....
, a gene pool is the complete set of unique allele
Allele

An allele is one member of a pair or series of different forms of a gene. Usually alleles are coding region, but sometimes the term is used to refer to a junk DNA....
s in a species
Species

In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring....
 or population
Population

File:Population density.pngIn biology, a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular species; in sociology, a collection of human beings....
.

Description

A large gene pool indicates extensive genetic diversity
Genetic diversity

Genetic diversity is a level of biodiversity that refers to the total number of Genetics characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species. It is distinguished from genetic variability, which describes the tendency of genetic characteristics to vary....
, which is associated with robust populations that can survive bouts of intense selection
Selection

In the context of evolution, certain traits or alleles of a species may be subject to selection depending on the Pragmatics the user has with the word....
. Meanwhile, low genetic diversity (see inbreeding
Inbreeding

Inbreeding is biological reproduction between close Kinships, whether plant or animal. If practiced repeatedly, it leads to an increase in homozygosity of a population....
 and population bottleneck
Population bottleneck

A population bottleneck is an evolutionary event in which a significant percentage of a population or species is killed or otherwise prevented from reproducing....
s) can cause reduced biological fitness
Fitness (biology)

Fitness is a central concept in evolution. It describes the capability of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce, and usually is equal to the proportion of the individual's genes in all the genes of the next generation....
 and an increased chance of extinction
Extinction

In biology and ecology, extinction is the death of every member of a species or group of taxon. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of that species ....
.

When all individuals in a population are identical with regard to a particular phenotypic trait they are known as monomorphic
Monomorphism

In the context of abstract algebra or universal algebra, a monomorphism is an Injective function homomorphism. A monomorphism from X to Y is often denoted with the notation ....
. When the individuals show several variants of a particular trait they are said to be polymorphic
Polymorphism (biology)

Polymorphism in biology occurs when two or more clearly different phenotypes exist in the same population of a species ? in other words, the occurrence of more than one form or morph....
.

See also

  • Biodiversity
    Biodiversity

    Biodiversity is the variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or for the entire Earth. Biodiversity is often used as a measure of the health of biological systems....
  • Conservation biology
    Conservation biology

    Conservation biology is the scientific study of the nature and status of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction....
  • Founder effect
    Founder effect

    In population genetics, the founder effect is the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population....
  • Genetic drift
    Genetic drift

    Genetic drift or allelic drift is the change in the relative frequency with which a gene variant occurs in a population that results from the fact that alleles in offspring are a Sampling of those in the parents, and because of the role of chance in determining whether a given individual survives and reproduces....
  • Gene flow
    Gene flow

    In population genetics, gene flow is the transfer of alleles of genes from one population to another.Migration into or out of a population may be responsible for a marked change in allele frequencies ....
  • Small population size
    Small population size

    Populations with small population size behave differently from larger populations. Often this has various harmful consequences for the survival of that population....
  • Cousin couple
    Cousin couple

    A cousin couple is a pair of cousins who are involved in a romantic love or sexual relationship. In some jurisdictions and cultures, cousins are Prohibited degree of kinship each other due to being incestuous....
  • Allele
    Allele

    An allele is one member of a pair or series of different forms of a gene. Usually alleles are coding region, but sometimes the term is used to refer to a junk DNA....


External links

  • - from , Retrieved August 20, 2008.