Gauss (unit)

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Gauss (unit)

The gauss, abbreviated as G, is the cgs unit of measurement

Units of measurement

The definition, agreement and practical use of units of measurement have played a crucial role in human endeavour from early ages up to this day....
of a magnetic field

Magnetic field

A magnetism field is a vector field which can exert a magnetic force on moving electric charges and on magnetic dipoles . When placed in a magnetic field, magnetic dipoles tend to align their axes parallel to the magnetic field....
B (which is also known as the "magnetic flux density", or the "magnetic induction"), named after the German mathematician and physicist Carl Friedrich Gauss

Carl Friedrich Gauss

Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss. was a Germans mathematician and scientist who contributed significantly to many fields, including number theory, statistics, mathematical analysis, Differential geometry and topology, geodesy, electrostatics, astronomy and optics....
. One gauss is defined as one maxwell

Maxwell (unit)

The maxwell, abbreviated as Mx, is the compound derived centimetre gram second system of units unit of magnetic flux. The unit was previously called a line....
per square centimeter.

1 gauss = 1 Mx

Maxwell (unit)

The maxwell, abbreviated as Mx, is the compound derived centimetre gram second system of units unit of magnetic flux. The unit was previously called a line....
/cm²

unit is named after Carl Friedrich Gauss.

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Encyclopedia

The gauss, abbreviated as G, is the cgs unit of measurement

Units of measurement

The definition, agreement and practical use of units of measurement have played a crucial role in human endeavour from early ages up to this day....
of a magnetic field

Magnetic field

Carl Friedrich Gauss

Maxwell (unit)

The maxwell, abbreviated as Mx, is the compound derived centimetre gram second system of units unit of magnetic flux. The unit was previously called a line....
per square centimeter.

1 gauss = 1 Mx

Maxwell (unit)

The maxwell, abbreviated as Mx, is the compound derived centimetre gram second system of units unit of magnetic flux. The unit was previously called a line....
/cm²

Unit name and convention

This unit is named after Carl Friedrich Gauss. As with all units whose names are derived from the proper name of a person, the first letter of its symbol is uppercase ("G"), but when the unit is spelled out, it should always be written in lowercase ("gauss"), unless it begins a sentence.

Units conversions

According to the alternative cgs (centimeter-gram-second) system, the gauss is the unit of magnetic flux density (B), while the oersted

Oersted

Oersted is the unit of Magnetic field#The H field in the CGS system of units. It is defined as 1000/4p amperes per meter of flux path, in terms of SI units....
is the unit of magnetic field intensity (H). One tesla

Tesla (unit)

The tesla is the SI derived unit of magnetic flux density B . The tesla is equal to one weber per square metre and was defined in 1960 in honor of inventor, scientist and electrical engineer Nikola Tesla....
is equal to 10⁴ gauss, and one ampere

Ampere

The ampere is the International System of Units unit of electric current. The ampere, in practice often shortened to amp, is an SI base unit, and is named after Andr?-Marie Amp?re, one of the main discoverers of electromagnetism....
per meter is equal to 4p×10^-3 oersted .

The units for magnetic flux (F)—which is the product of magnetic flux density (B) and area (A), i.e., F = BA—are the weber

Weber (unit)

In physics, the weber is the SI physical unit of magnetic flux. It is named after the Germany physicist Wilhelm Eduard Weber ....
(Wb) in the MKS system and the maxwell (Mx) in the CGS system. The conversion factor is 10⁸, since flux is the product of flux density and area, area having the units of the square of distance, thus 10⁴ (flux density conversion factor) times the square of 10² (linear distance conversion factor, i.e., centimeters per meter).

Typical values

The Earth's magnetic field

Earth's magnetic field

Earth's magnetic field is approximately a magnetic dipole, with one magnetic pole near the north pole and the other near the geographic south pole ....
measures about 0.5 gauss, a small iron

Iron

Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. Iron is a Group 8 element and period 4 element. Iron is lustrous and silvery in color....
magnet

Magnet

A magnet is a material or object that produces a magnetic field. This magnetic field is invisible but is responsible for the most notable property of a magnet: a force that pulls on other ferromagnetic materials and attracts or repels other magnets....
has a field of about 100 gauss, a small neodymium-iron-boron (NIB) magnet

Neodymium magnet

A neodymium magnet or NIB magnet, a variety of rare-earth magnet, is a permanent magnet made of an alloy of neodymium, iron, and boron — Nd2Fe14B....
has a field of about 2,000 gauss, a big electromagnet

Electromagnet

An electromagnet is a type of magnet in which the magnetic field is produced by the flow of electric Current . The magnetic field disappears when the current ceases....
has a field of about 15,000 gauss, and the surface of a neutron star

Neutron star

A neutron star is a type of compact star that can result from the gravitational collapse of a massive star during a Type II supernova, Type Ib and Ic supernovae supernova event....
has a field of about 10¹² gauss.