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Gattermann-Koch reaction
 
 
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The Gattermann-Koch reaction, named for the German chemists Ludwig Gattermann
Ludwig Gattermann

Ludwig Gattermann was a Germany chemist who significant contributor to both organic chemistry and inorganic chemistry....
 and Julius Arnold Koch, in organic chemistry
Organic chemistry

Organic chemistry is a discipline within chemistry which involves the science study of the structure, properties, composition, chemical reaction, and preparation of chemical compounds that contain carbon....
 refers to a Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction in which carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide

Carbon monoxide, with the chemical formula CO, is a colorless and odorless, tasteless, yet highly toxic gas. Its molecules consist of one carbon atom covalent bond to one oxygen atom....
 and hydrochloric acid are used in-situ with Friedel-Crafts catalyst, namely AlCl3 to produce a benzaldehyde
Benzaldehyde

Benzaldehyde is a chemical compound consisting of a benzene ring with an aldehyde substituent. It is the simplest representative of the aromatic aldehydes and one of the most industrially used members of this family of compounds....
-derivative from a benzene-derivative in one step. Benzaldehyde and many aromatic aldehyde
Aldehyde

An aldehyde is an organic compound containing a terminal carbonyl group. This functional group, which consists of a carbon atom bonded to a hydrogen atom and double bond to an oxygen atom , is called the aldehyde group....
s are conveniently synthesized by this reaction.






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The Gattermann-Koch reaction, named for the German chemists Ludwig Gattermann
Ludwig Gattermann

Ludwig Gattermann was a Germany chemist who significant contributor to both organic chemistry and inorganic chemistry....
 and Julius Arnold Koch, in organic chemistry
Organic chemistry

Organic chemistry is a discipline within chemistry which involves the science study of the structure, properties, composition, chemical reaction, and preparation of chemical compounds that contain carbon....
 refers to a Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction in which carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide

Carbon monoxide, with the chemical formula CO, is a colorless and odorless, tasteless, yet highly toxic gas. Its molecules consist of one carbon atom covalent bond to one oxygen atom....
 and hydrochloric acid are used in-situ with Friedel-Crafts catalyst, namely AlCl3 to produce a benzaldehyde
Benzaldehyde

Benzaldehyde is a chemical compound consisting of a benzene ring with an aldehyde substituent. It is the simplest representative of the aromatic aldehydes and one of the most industrially used members of this family of compounds....
-derivative from a benzene-derivative in one step. Benzaldehyde and many aromatic aldehyde
Aldehyde

An aldehyde is an organic compound containing a terminal carbonyl group. This functional group, which consists of a carbon atom bonded to a hydrogen atom and double bond to an oxygen atom , is called the aldehyde group....
s are conveniently synthesized by this reaction. Presence of traces of copper(I) chloride
Copper(I) chloride

Copper chloride, commonly called cuprous chloride, is the lower chloride of copper, with the formula CuCl. This colorless solid is a versatile precursor to other copper compounds, including some of commercial significance....
 are also needed.

An example would be the conversion of toluene
Toluene

Toluene, also known as methylbenzene or phenylmethane, is a clear, Water -insoluble liquid with the typical smell of paint thinners, redolent of the sweet smell of the related compound benzene....
 to p-tolualdehyde
4-Methylbenzaldehyde

4-Methylbenzaldehyde is a simple aromatic aldehyde. It is commercially available, but may be prepared from the Friedel-Crafts acylation of toluene with carbon monoxide and hydrogen chloride under Gattermann-Koch reaction....
.

See also

  • Friedel-Crafts reaction
    Friedel-Crafts reaction

    The Friedel-Crafts reactions are a set of organic reaction developed by Charles Friedel and James Crafts in 1877. There are two main types of Friedel-Crafts reactions: alkylation reactions and acylation reactions....
  • Gattermann reaction
    Gattermann reaction

    The Gattermann rection, named for the German chemist Ludwig Gattermann, in organic chemistry refers to a reaction of hydrocyanic acid with an aromatic compound, in this case benzene, under catalysis with Friedel-Crafts catalyst ....