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Gasoline additives increase gasoline
Gasoline

File:GasCan.jpgGasoline or petrol is a petroleum-derived liquid mixture, primarily used as fuel in internal combustion engines.It consists mostly of aliphatic hydrocarbons, enhanced with iso-octane or the aromatic hydrocarbons toluene and benzene to increase its octane rating....
's octane rating
Octane rating

The octane rating is a measure of the resistance of gasoline and other fuels to detonation in spark plug internal combustion engines. High-performance engines typically have higher compression ratios and are therefore more prone to detonation, so they require higher octane fuel....
 or act as corrosion inhibitor
Corrosion inhibitor

A corrosion inhibitor is a chemical compound that, when added to a fluid or gas, decreases the corrosion rate of a metal or an alloy.The effectiveness, or corrosion inhibition efficiency, of a corrosion inhibitor is a function of many factors like: fluid composition, quantity of water, flow regime.......
s or lubricators
Lubricant

A lubricant is a substance introduced between two moving surfaces to reduce the friction between them, improving efficiency and reducing wear....
, thus allowing the use of higher compression ratio
Compression ratio

The compression ratio of an internal-combustion engine or external combustion engine is a value that represents the ratio of the volume of its combustion chamber; from its largest capacity to its smallest capacity....
s for greater efficiency and power, however some carry heavy environmental risks. Types of additives include metal deactivator
Metal deactivator

Metal deactivators, or metal deactivating agents are fuel additives and lubricant additives used to stabilize fluids by deactivating metal ions, mostly introduced by the action of naturally occurring acids in the fuel and acids generated in lubricants by oxidative processes with the metallic parts of the systems....
s, corrosion inhibitor
Corrosion inhibitor

A corrosion inhibitor is a chemical compound that, when added to a fluid or gas, decreases the corrosion rate of a metal or an alloy.The effectiveness, or corrosion inhibition efficiency, of a corrosion inhibitor is a function of many factors like: fluid composition, quantity of water, flow regime.......
s, oxygenate
Oxygenate

Oxygenated chemical compounds contain oxygen as a part of their chemical structure. The term usually refers to oxygenated fuels. Oxygenates are usually employed as gasoline additives to reduce carbon monoxide that is created during the burning of the fuel....
s and antioxidant
Antioxidant

An antioxidant is a molecule capable of slowing or preventing the Redox of other molecules. Oxidation is a chemical reaction that transfers electrons from a substance to an oxidizing agent....
s.








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Gasoline additives increase gasoline
Gasoline

File:GasCan.jpgGasoline or petrol is a petroleum-derived liquid mixture, primarily used as fuel in internal combustion engines.It consists mostly of aliphatic hydrocarbons, enhanced with iso-octane or the aromatic hydrocarbons toluene and benzene to increase its octane rating....
's octane rating
Octane rating

The octane rating is a measure of the resistance of gasoline and other fuels to detonation in spark plug internal combustion engines. High-performance engines typically have higher compression ratios and are therefore more prone to detonation, so they require higher octane fuel....
 or act as corrosion inhibitor
Corrosion inhibitor

A corrosion inhibitor is a chemical compound that, when added to a fluid or gas, decreases the corrosion rate of a metal or an alloy.The effectiveness, or corrosion inhibition efficiency, of a corrosion inhibitor is a function of many factors like: fluid composition, quantity of water, flow regime.......
s or lubricators
Lubricant

A lubricant is a substance introduced between two moving surfaces to reduce the friction between them, improving efficiency and reducing wear....
, thus allowing the use of higher compression ratio
Compression ratio

The compression ratio of an internal-combustion engine or external combustion engine is a value that represents the ratio of the volume of its combustion chamber; from its largest capacity to its smallest capacity....
s for greater efficiency and power, however some carry heavy environmental risks. Types of additives include metal deactivator
Metal deactivator

Metal deactivators, or metal deactivating agents are fuel additives and lubricant additives used to stabilize fluids by deactivating metal ions, mostly introduced by the action of naturally occurring acids in the fuel and acids generated in lubricants by oxidative processes with the metallic parts of the systems....
s, corrosion inhibitor
Corrosion inhibitor

A corrosion inhibitor is a chemical compound that, when added to a fluid or gas, decreases the corrosion rate of a metal or an alloy.The effectiveness, or corrosion inhibition efficiency, of a corrosion inhibitor is a function of many factors like: fluid composition, quantity of water, flow regime.......
s, oxygenate
Oxygenate

Oxygenated chemical compounds contain oxygen as a part of their chemical structure. The term usually refers to oxygenated fuels. Oxygenates are usually employed as gasoline additives to reduce carbon monoxide that is created during the burning of the fuel....
s and antioxidant
Antioxidant

An antioxidant is a molecule capable of slowing or preventing the Redox of other molecules. Oxidation is a chemical reaction that transfers electrons from a substance to an oxidizing agent....
s.

Additives

  • Hybrid compound blends
    • Combustion catalyst: an organo-metallic compound which lowers the ignition point of fuel in the combustion chamber reducing the temperature burn from 1200 degrees to 800 degree F
    • Burn rate modifier increases the fuel burn time, resulting in an increased fuel efficiency
    • Polymerization
      Polymerization

      In polymer chemistry, polymerization is a process of reacting monomer molecules together in a chemical reaction to form three-dimensional networks or polymer chains....
       increases fuel ignition surface area resulting in increased power from ignition
    • Stabilizer/Demulsifier
      Demulsifier

      Demulsifiers are a class of chemicals used to aid the separation of emulsions . They are commonly used in the processing of crude oil, which is typically produced along with significant quantities of saline water....
      /Dispersant
      Dispersant

      A dispersant or a dispersing agent or a plasticizer is either a non-surface active polymer or a surfactant added to a Suspension , usually a colloid, to improve the separation of wiktionary:Particles and to prevent settling or clumping....
      : prolongs life of fuel and prevents water contamination
    • Corrosion inhibitor
      Corrosion inhibitor

      A corrosion inhibitor is a chemical compound that, when added to a fluid or gas, decreases the corrosion rate of a metal or an alloy.The effectiveness, or corrosion inhibition efficiency, of a corrosion inhibitor is a function of many factors like: fluid composition, quantity of water, flow regime.......
       prevents corrosion of tank and fuel system
    • Catalyst additives prolongs engine life and increases fuel economy
    • Detergent
      Detergent

      A detergent is a material intended to assist cleaning. The term is sometimes used to differentiate between soap and other surfactants used for cleaning....
      s clean the engine
  • Oxygenate
    Oxygenate

    Oxygenated chemical compounds contain oxygen as a part of their chemical structure. The term usually refers to oxygenated fuels. Oxygenates are usually employed as gasoline additives to reduce carbon monoxide that is created during the burning of the fuel....
    s
    • Alcohols:
      • Methanol
        Methanol

        Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol, carbinol, wood alcohol, wood naphtha or wood spirits, is a chemical compound with chemical formula carbonhydrogen3oxygenhydrogen ....
         (MeOH)
      • Ethanol
        Ethanol

        Ethanol, also called ethyl alcohol, pure alcohol, grain alcohol, or drinking alcohol, is a volatility , flammable, colorless liquid....
         (EtOH)
      • Isopropyl alcohol
        Isopropyl alcohol

        Isopropyl alcohol is a common name for isopropanol, a colorless, flammable chemical compound with a strong odor. It has the molecular formula C3H7OH and is the simplest example of a Alcohol#Primary.2C secondary.2C and tertiary alcohols, where the alcohol carbon is attached to two other carbons....
         (IPA)
      • n-butanol
        Butanol

        Butanol or butyl alcohol , is a primary alcohol with a 4 carbon structure and the molecular formula of Carbon4Hydrogen9Oxygen....
         (BuOH)
      • Gasoline grade t-butanol
        Tert-Butanol

        tert-Butanol, or 2-methyl-2-propanol , is the simplest Alcohol#Systematic_names. It is one of the four isomers of butanol. tert-Butanol is a clear liquid with a camphor-like odor....
         (GTBA)
    • Ether
      Ether

      Ether is a class of organic compounds which contain an ether functional group ? an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups ? of general formula R?O?R....
      s:
      • Methyl tert-butyl ether
        Methyl tert-butyl ether

        Methyl tert-butyl ether, also known as methyl tertiary butyl ether and MTBE, is a chemical compound with molecular formula C5H12O....
         (MTBE) Now outlawed in many states for road use.
      • Tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME)
      • Tertiary hexyl methyl ether (THEME)
      • Ethyl tertiary butyl ether
        ETBE

        Ethyl tert-butyl ether is commonly used as an oxygenate gasoline additive in the production of gasoline from crude oil. ETBE offers equal or greater air quality benefits as ethanol, while being technically and logistically less challenging....
         (ETBE)
      • Tertiary amyl ethyl ether (TAEE)
      • Diisopropyl ether
        Diisopropyl ether

        Diisopropyl ether is secondary ether that is used as a solvent. It is a colorless liquid that is slightly soluble in water, but miscible with most organic solvents....
         (DIPE)


  • Antioxidant
    Antioxidant

    An antioxidant is a molecule capable of slowing or preventing the Redox of other molecules. Oxidation is a chemical reaction that transfers electrons from a substance to an oxidizing agent....
    s, stabilizers
    • Butylated hydroxytoluene
      Butylated hydroxytoluene

      Butylated hydroxytoluene , also known as butylhydroxytoluene, is a lipophilic organic compound that is primarily used as an antioxidant food additive as well as in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, jet fuels, rubber, petroleum products, Transformer oil, and embalming fluid....
       (BHT)
    • 2,4-Dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol
      2,4-Dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol

      2,4-Dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol is an alkylated phenol used industrially as an antioxidant, eg. to prevent gumming in fuels, and as an ultraviolet stabilizer....
    • 2,6-Di-tert-butylphenol
      2,6-Di-tert-butylphenol

      2,6-Di-tert-butylphenol is an organic compound with the structural formula 2,6-2C6H3OH. This colourless solid alkylated phenol and its derivatives are used industrially as UV stabilizer and an antioxidant for hydrocarbon-based products ranging from petrochemicals to plastincs....
       (2,6-DTBP)
    • p-Phenylenediamine
      P-Phenylenediamine

      p-Phenylenediamine , also called paraphenylenediamine, 1,4-diaminobenzene or 1,4-phenylenediamine is an aromatic amine used as a component of engineering polymers and composites, aramid fibers, hair coloring, rubber chemicals, textile dyes, and pigments....
    • Ethylene diamine
      Ethylene diamine

      Ethylenediamine is the organic compound with the Chemical formula C2H42. This colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor is a strongly base amine....


  • Antiknock agent
    Antiknock agent

    An antiknock agent is a gasoline additive used to reduce engine knocking and increase the fuel's octane rating.The mixture known as gasoline, when used in high Physical compression internal combustion engines, has a tendency to ignite early causing a damaging "engine knocking" noise....
    s
    • Tetra-ethyl lead
      Tetra-ethyl lead

      Tetra-ethyl lead, abbreviated TEL, is an organometallic chemistry compound with the formula 4lead. Once a common Engine knocking additive in gasoline , TEL usage was largely discontinued because of the Lead poisoning and its Catalytic converter#Catalyst poisoning and deactivation....
    • Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl
      Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl

      Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl is an organometallic compound with the formula Mn3. Marketed initially in 1958 as a supplement to the gasoline additive tetraethyl lead to increase the fuel's octane rating, MMT was later used in unleaded gasoline....
       (MMT)
    • Ferrocene
      Ferrocene

      Ferrocene is the organometallic compound with the formula Fe2. It is the prototypical metallocene, a type of organometallic chemistry chemistry compound consisting of two cyclopentadienyl complex rings bound on opposite sides of a central metal atom....
    • Iron pentacarbonyl
      Iron pentacarbonyl

      Iron pentacarbonyl, also known as iron carbonyl, is the chemical compound with chemical formula 5. Under standard conditions Fe5 is a free-flowing, straw-colored liquid with a pungent odour....
    • Toluene
      Toluene

      Toluene, also known as methylbenzene or phenylmethane, is a clear, Water -insoluble liquid with the typical smell of paint thinners, redolent of the sweet smell of the related compound benzene....
    • Isooctane


  • Lead scavengers (for leaded gasoline)
    • Tricresyl phosphate
      Tricresyl phosphate

      Tricresyl phosphate, abbreviated TCP, is an organophosphate compound. It is a derived from cresol and phosphoric acid. This viscous liquid is colourless when pure, but commercial samples are typically yellow....
       (TCP) (also an AW additive
      AW additive

      AW additives, or antiwear additives, are Oil additive for lubricants to prevent metal-to-metal contact between parts of gears.EP additives are usually used in applications such as transmission , while AW additives are used with lighter loads such as bush ....
       and EP additive
      EP additive

      EP additives, or extreme pressure additives, are oil additive for lubricants with a role to decrease wear of the parts of the gears exposed to very high pressures....
      )
    • 1,2-Dibromoethane
      1,2-Dibromoethane

      1,2-Dibromoethane is the chemical compound with the formula BromineCarbonHydrogen2CarbonHydrogen2Bromine. Although trace amounts occurs naturally in the ocean, where it is formed probably by algae and kelp, it is mainly a synthetic....
    • 1,2-Dichloroethane
      1,2-Dichloroethane

      The chemical compound 1,2-dichloroethane, commonly known by its old name of ethylene dichloride , is a chlorinated hydrocarbon, mainly used to produce vinyl chloride monomer , the major wiktionary:Precursor for polyvinyl chloride production....


  • Fuel dyes
    Fuel dyes

    Fuel dyes are dyes added to fuels, as in some countries it is required by law to dye a low-tax fuel to deter its use in applications intended for higher-taxed ones....
    , most common:
    • Solvent Red 24
    • Solvent Red 26
      Solvent Red 26

      Solvent Red 26, also known as C.I. 26120, is a purplish red synthetic azo dye. Its chemical formula is C25H22N4O, or 1-2,5-dimethyl-4-[azo]-phenyl]azo]-2-naphthol....
    • Solvent Yellow 124
      Solvent Yellow 124

      Solvent Yellow 124 is a yellow azo dye used in European Union as a fuel dye. It is a marker used since August 2002 to distinguish diesel fuel intended for heating from a higher-fuel tax motor diesel fuel....
    • Solvent Blue 35


  • Fuel additives in general
    • Ether
      Ether

      Ether is a class of organic compounds which contain an ether functional group ? an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups ? of general formula R?O?R....
       and other flammable hydrocarbons have been used extensively as starting fluid
      Starting fluid

      Starting fluid is a mixture of Volatility hydrocarbons , diethyl ether, and carbon dioxide. It is often useful when starting direct injected diesel engines or lean burn spark engines running on alcohol fuel....
       for many difficult-to-start engines, especially diesel engine
      Diesel engine

      A diesel engine is an internal combustion engine which operates using the diesel cycle . Diesel engines have the highest thermal efficiency compared to any internal combustion or external combustion engine....
      s
    • Nitrous oxide
      Nitrous oxide

      Nitrous oxide, commonly known as "laughing gas", is a chemical compound with the chemical formula Nitrogen2Oxygen. At room temperature, it is a colorless Flammability gas, with a pleasant, slightly sweet odor and taste....
      , or simply nitrous
      Nitrous

      Nitrous oxide is a chemical compound used as an oxidizing agent to increase an internal combustion engine's power output by allowing more fuel to be burned than would normally be the case....
      , is an oxidizer used in auto racing
      Auto racing

      Auto racing is a motorsport involving racing cars. It is one of the world's most watched television sports....
    • Nitromethane
      Nitromethane

      Nitromethane is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH3NO2. It is the simplest organic nitro compound. It is a slightly viscous, highly polar liquid commonly used as a solvent in a variety of industrial applications such as in extractions, as a reaction medium, and as a cleaning solvent....
      , or "nitro," is a high-performance racing fuel
    • Acetone
      Acetone

      Acetone is the organic compound with the chemical formula OC2. This colorless, mobile, flammable liquid is the simplest example of the ketones....
       is a vaporization additive, mainly used with methanol racing fuel to improve vaporisation at start up
    • Butyl rubber
      Butyl rubber

      Butyl rubber—also known as polyisobutylene and PIB n is a synthetic rubber, a homopolymer of isobutylene. Polyisobutylene is produced by polymerization of about 98% of isobutylene with about 2% of isoprene....
       (as polyisobutylene succinimide, detergent
      Detergent

      A detergent is a material intended to assist cleaning. The term is sometimes used to differentiate between soap and other surfactants used for cleaning....
       to prevent fouling of diesel
      Diesel

      Diesel or diesel fuel in general is any fuel used in diesel engines. The most common is a specific fractional distillation of petroleum fuel oil, but alternatives that are not derived from petroleum, such as biodiesel, biomass to liquid or gas to liquid diesel, are increasingly being developed and adopted....
       fuel injectors)
    • Ferox
      Ferox (fuel additive)

      Ferox is a fuel additive. It was developed by Wesley Parish in 1985 from work done on experimental burn rate modifiers for solid rocket propellant systems used in the aerospace industry....
       (catalyst additive that increases fuel economy, cleans engine, lowers emission of pollutants, prolongs engine life)
    • Oxyhydrogen
      Oxyhydrogen

      Oxyhydrogen is a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gases, typically in a 2:1 Molar concentration, the same proportion as Water . This gaseous mixture is used for torches for the processing of refractory materials and was the first gaseous mixture used for welding....
       is used to inject hydrogen
      Hydrogen

      Hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1. It is represented by the chemical symbol H. At standard temperature and pressure, hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, nonmetallic, tasteless, highly combustion and explosive Diatomic molecule gas with the molecular formula H2....
       and oxygen
      Oxygen

      Oxygen no O2 produced; 2) O2 produced, but absorbed in oceans & seabed rock; 3) O2 starts to gas out of the oceans, but is absorbed by land surfaces and formation of ozone layer; 4-5) O2 sinks filled and the gas accumulates]]...
       into engines as a supplemental fuel to improve fuel efficiency
    • Ferrous picrate improves combustion, increases fuel mileage
    • Silicone
      Silicone

      Silicones are largely inert, man-made compounds with a wide variety of forms and uses. Typically heat-resistant, nonstick, and rubberlike, they are commonly used in cookware, medicine, sealants, adhesives, lubricants, and insulation....
       is an anti-foaming agent for diesel, but may damage oxygen sensor
      Oxygen sensor

      An oxygen sensor, or lambda sensor, is an electronic device that measures the proportion of oxygen in the gas or liquid being analyzed. It was developed by Robert Bosch GmbH during the late 1960s under supervision by Dr....
      s in gasoline engines
    • Tetranitromethane
      Tetranitromethane

      Tetranitromethane or TNM is an organic chemical oxidizer with chemical formula C4. Its chemical structure consists of four nitro groups attached to one carbon atom....
       can increase the cetane number
      Cetane number

      Cetane number or CN is a measurement of the combustion quality of diesel fuel during compression ignition. It is a significant expression of diesel fuel quality among a number of other measurements that determine overall diesel fuel quality....
       of diesel fuel, improving its combustion properties


External links

  • - Aftermarket lead replacement additives were scientifically tested and some were approved by the Federation of British Historic Vehicle Clubs at the UK's Motor Industry Research Association (MIRA) in 1999.


See also

  • For additive metering see metering pump
    Metering pump

    A metering pump is a pump used to pump liquids at adjustable flow rates which are Precision when averaged over time. Delivery of fluids in precise adjustable flow rates is sometimes called metering....
    s
  • Gasoline pill
    Gasoline pill

    The gasoline pill or gasoline powder is claimed to turn water into gasoline, which can be used to run an combustion engine. The gasoline pill is one of several claims of Free energy suppressions that circulate as urban legends....
     — claimed to turn water into gasoline
  • Oil additive
    Oil additive

    Oil additives are used to improve the base oil into a better performing lubricant. By utilizing the same base stock, many different oils can be manufactured, each with its own unique properties....
    , which describes some similar additives