A garden

Garden

A garden is a planned space, usually outdoors, set aside for the display, cultivation, and enjoyment of plants and other forms of nature. The garden can incorporate both natural and man-made materials. The most common form today is known as a residential garden, but the term garden has...

 / flora

Flora

Flora is the plant life occurring in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring or indigenous—native plant life. The corresponding term for animals is fauna.-Etymology:...

 festival or exposition is a festival

Festival

A festival or gala is an event, usually and ordinarily staged by a local community, which centers on and celebrates some unique aspect of that community and the Festival....

 and exposition

Exposition

Exposition may refer to:*Exposition *Exposition *Trade fair*Exposition , the debut album by the band Wax on Radio...

 held to celebrate the art

Art

Art is the product or process of deliberately arranging items in a way that influences and affects one or more of the senses, emotions, and intellect....

s of gardening

Gardening

Gardening is the practice of growing and cultivating plants. Ornamental plants are normally grown for their flowers, foliage, or overall appearance; useful plants are grown for consumption , for their dyes, or for medicinal or cosmetic use...

, garden design

Garden design

Garden design is the art and process of designing and creating plans for layout and planting of gardens and landscapes. Garden design may be done by the garden owner themselves, or by professionals of varying levels of experience and expertise...

, landscaping

Landscaping

Landscaping refers to any activity that modifies the visible features of an area of land, including:# living elements, such as flora or fauna; or what is commonly referred to as gardening, the art and craft of growing plants with a goal of creating a beautiful environment within the landscape.#...

 and landscape architecture

Landscape architecture

Landscape architecture is the design of outdoor and public spaces to achieve environmental, socio-behavioral, or aesthetic outcomes. It involves the systematic investigation of existing social, ecological, and geological conditions and processes in the landscape, and the design of interventions...

. There are local garden festivals, regional garden festivals, National Garden Festival

National Garden Festival

The National Garden Festivals were part of the cultural regeneration of large areas of derelict land in Britain's industrial districts during the 1980s and early 1990s. Five were held in total - one every two years, each in a different town or city - after the idea was pushed by environment...

s and International Garden Festival

International Garden Festival

thumb|200px|right|Commemorative [[coffee]] [[mug]] from the festival, showing a [[cartoon]] [[Liver bird]].The International Garden Festival was a garden festival recognised by the International Association of Horticultural producers and the Bureau of International Exhibitions and held in...

s. The idea probably originated with Germany's Bundesgartenschau

Bundesgartenschau

The Bundesgartenschau is the biennial Federal horticulture show in Germany. It also covers topics like landscaping. Taking place in different cities, the location changes in a two-year cycle....

. The UK held five garden festivals in the period 1984-92 but blundered through not planning an after-use for the festival grounds during their design and planning phase.

To qualify as an International Exhibition, a show must be recognised by the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE), which was established by a diplomatic international Convention, signed in Paris,in 1928. Shows can also be recognised by the International Association of Horticultural Producers

AIPH

The International Association of Horticultural Producers is an international organisation dedicated to promoting horticultural producers and held the international garden / flora festivals or expositions worldwide.-History:...

 (IAHP / AIPH). To qualify as a National Exhibition, a garden festival must be recognised by a national government.

Because garden design

Garden design

Garden design is the art and process of designing and creating plans for layout and planting of gardens and landscapes. Garden design may be done by the garden owner themselves, or by professionals of varying levels of experience and expertise...

 is becoming more popular and featuring on TV, there is an ever-growing number of garden festivals: permanent and temporary, official and non-official. One of the best known is International Garden Festival held on a permanent site at Chaumont in France. Despite the name, Chaumont does not come within the BIE definition of an 'international' festival. Other shows feature garden design but describe themselves as 'flower shows'. The best-known example in this category, the Chelsea Flower Show

Chelsea Flower Show

The RHS Chelsea Flower Show, formally known as the Great Spring Show, is a garden show held for five days in May by the Royal Horticultural Society in the grounds of the Royal Hospital Chelsea in Chelsea, London...

 is seeing a shift of emphasis towards garden design and there is talk of a Chelsea Fringe Flower and Garden Festival in 2008.

The last International Garden Festival is 2010 Taipei International Flora Exposition

Taipei International Flora Exposition

The 2010 Taipei International Flora Exposition opened on November 6, 2010 and ran until April 25, 2011 in Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. It is a garden festival recognized by the International Association of Horticultural Producers and is categorized as an A2B1 horticulture exposition...

 (2010 Flora Expo), it's open on November 6, 2010 to April 25, 2011 in Taipei

Taipei

Taipei City is the capital of the Republic of China and the central city of the largest metropolitan area of Taiwan. Situated at the northern tip of the island, Taipei is located on the Tamsui River, and is about 25 km southwest of Keelung, its port on the Pacific Ocean...

, Republic of China

Republic of China

The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...

 (Taiwan

Taiwan

Taiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...

).

List of host nations and cities

Country	City	Festival name	Year(s)	Dates	Type	AIPH classification	BIE recognised
Netherlands	Rotterdam Rotterdam Rotterdam is the second-largest city in the Netherlands and one of the largest ports in the world. Starting as a dam on the Rotte river, Rotterdam has grown into a major international commercial centre...	Floriade	1960		International	A1	Yes
Netherlands	Amsterdam Amsterdam Amsterdam is the largest city and the capital of the Netherlands. The current position of Amsterdam as capital city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is governed by the constitution of August 24, 1815 and its successors. Amsterdam has a population of 783,364 within city limits, an urban population...	Floriade	1972		International	A1	Yes
Netherlands	Amsterdam Amsterdam Amsterdam is the largest city and the capital of the Netherlands. The current position of Amsterdam as capital city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is governed by the constitution of August 24, 1815 and its successors. Amsterdam has a population of 783,364 within city limits, an urban population...	Floriade	1982		International	A1	Yes
United Kingdom	Liverpool Liverpool Liverpool is a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England, along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary. It was founded as a borough in 1207 and was granted city status in 1880...	International Garden Festival International Garden Festival thumb|200px|right|Commemorative [[coffee]] [[mug]] from the festival, showing a [[cartoon]] [[Liver bird]].The International Garden Festival was a garden festival recognised by the International Association of Horticultural producers and the Bureau of International Exhibitions and held in...	1984		International	A1	Yes
Japan	Osaka	Expo '90 Expo '90 or The International Garden and Greenery Exposition, organized as a part of the International Expositions Convention, was the first large-scale international gardening exposition in Asia and focused on the theme of the Harmonious Coexistence of Nature and Mankind". The exposition was held in...	1990	Apr 1 - Sep 30	International	A1	Yes
Netherlands	The Hague The Hague The Hague is the capital city of the province of South Holland in the Netherlands. With a population of 500,000 inhabitants , it is the third largest city of the Netherlands, after Amsterdam and Rotterdam...	Floriade	1992		International	A1	Yes
United States of America	Columbus, Ohio	AmeriFlora '92	1992	Apr 3 to Oct 12	National		No
China	Kunming Kunming ' is the capital and largest city of Yunnan Province in Southwest China. It was known as Yunnan-Fou until the 1920s. A prefecture-level city, it is the political, economic, communications and cultural centre of Yunnan, and is the seat of the provincial government...	1999 World Horticultural Exposition 1999 World Horticultural Exposition The 1999 World Horticultural Exposition was an A1 category international garden festival as recognised by the International Association of Horticultural Producers in Kunming, China. The theme of the exposition was "Man and Nature, marching into the 21st century."...	1999	May 1 to Oct 31	International	A1	Yes
Netherlands	Haarlemmermeer	Floriade	2002		International	A1	Yes
France	Dijon Dijon Dijon is a city in eastern France, the capital of the Côte-d'Or département and of the Burgundy region.Dijon is the historical capital of the region of Burgundy. Population : 151,576 within the city limits; 250,516 for the greater Dijon area....	Florissimo Florissimo Florissimo is an international flower show held in the city of Dijon, France. It features exhibits from French and non-French cities, botanical gardens, agricultural schools, and private corporations....	2005		National	B2	No
China	Shenyang	International Horticultural Exposition 2006 Shenyang China International Horticultural Exposition 2006 Shenyang China International Horticultural Exposition 2006 was a horticultural exhibition recognised by the International Association of Horticultural Producers in Shenyang, ChinaThe exposition was originally approved in September 2004....	2006	May 1 - Oct 31	International	A2/B1	No
Singapore	Singapore	Singapore Garden Festival Singapore Garden Festival The Singapore Garden Festival Singapore's garden and flower show, is a biennial event and the first and only international garden show in the tropics to showcase creations from the world’s top award-winning garden and floral designers under one roof...	2006 and biennially since	Dec 16 - Dec 25	International	n/a	No
Thailand	Chiang Mai	Royal Flora Ratchaphruek Royal Flora Ratchaphruek The Royal Flora Ratchaphruek was a flower festival held 1 November 2006, to 31 January 2007, in the Thai city of Chiang Mai that drew 3,781,624 visitors...	2006–2007	Nov 1 - Jan 31	International	A1	Yes
France	Dijon Dijon Dijon is a city in eastern France, the capital of the Côte-d'Or département and of the Burgundy region.Dijon is the historical capital of the region of Burgundy. Population : 151,576 within the city limits; 250,516 for the greater Dijon area....	Florissimo Florissimo Florissimo is an international flower show held in the city of Dijon, France. It features exhibits from French and non-French cities, botanical gardens, agricultural schools, and private corporations....	2010	Mar 11 - 21	National		No
Taiwan	Taipei	Taipei International Flora Exposition Taipei International Flora Exposition The 2010 Taipei International Flora Exposition opened on November 6, 2010 and ran until April 25, 2011 in Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. It is a garden festival recognized by the International Association of Horticultural Producers and is categorized as an A2B1 horticulture exposition...	2010–2011	Nov 6 - Apr 25	International	A2/B1	No
Australia	Melbourne Melbourne Melbourne is the capital and most populous city in the state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia. The Melbourne City Centre is the hub of the greater metropolitan area and the Census statistical division—of which "Melbourne" is the common name. As of June 2009, the greater...	Melbourne International Flower and Garden Show Melbourne International Flower and Garden Show The Melbourne International Flower and Garden Show is held in early April each year, in Melbourne, Victoria .It is located in the World Heritage Site of the Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens ....	2011	Mar 30 - Apr 3	International	n/a	No
China	Xi'an	International Horticultural Exposition 2011 Xi'an China International Horticultural Exposition 2011 Xi'an China International Horticultural Exposition 2011 is a horticultural exhibition recognised by the International Association of Horticultural Producers in Xi'an, China to be held between 28 April and 22 October 2011. During the 178-day exhibition, the tourists were anticipated to top...	2011	April 22 - Oct 28	International	A2/B1	No
Netherlands	Venlo Venlo Venlo is a municipality and a city in the southeastern Netherlands, next to the German border. It is situated in the province of Limburg.In 2001, the municipalities of Belfeld and Tegelen were merged into the municipality of Venlo. Tegelen was originally part of the Duchy of Jülich centuries ago,...	Floriade 2012	2012		International	A1	Yes
France	Dijon Dijon Dijon is a city in eastern France, the capital of the Côte-d'Or département and of the Burgundy region.Dijon is the historical capital of the region of Burgundy. Population : 151,576 within the city limits; 250,516 for the greater Dijon area....	Florissimo Florissimo Florissimo is an international flower show held in the city of Dijon, France. It features exhibits from French and non-French cities, botanical gardens, agricultural schools, and private corporations....	2015	March	National		No
Turkey	Antalya Antalya Antalya is a city on the Mediterranean coast of southwestern Turkey. With a population 1,001,318 as of 2010. It is the eighth most populous city in Turkey and country's biggest international sea resort.- History :...	Expo 2016 Expo 2016 Expo 2016 is the next scheduled A1 Horticultural Exposition recognised by the International Association of Horticultural Producers after Expo 2012, and will be hosted by Antalya, Turkey.- External links :* *...	2016		International	A1	No

See also

• International Garden Festival
  International Garden Festival
  thumb|200px|right|Commemorative [[coffee]] [[mug]] from the festival, showing a [[cartoon]] [[Liver bird]].The International Garden Festival was a garden festival recognised by the International Association of Horticultural producers and the Bureau of International Exhibitions and held in...
  
  
• National Garden Festival
  National Garden Festival
  The National Garden Festivals were part of the cultural regeneration of large areas of derelict land in Britain's industrial districts during the 1980s and early 1990s. Five were held in total - one every two years, each in a different town or city - after the idea was pushed by environment...
  
  , list of UK garden festivals
• Bundesgartenschau
  Bundesgartenschau
  The Bundesgartenschau is the biennial Federal horticulture show in Germany. It also covers topics like landscaping. Taking place in different cities, the location changes in a two-year cycle....
  
  , list of German garden festivals

External links

• AIPH official website
• BIE official website