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Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II

 
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The Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II is a covered double arcade
Arcade (architecture)

An arcade is a passage or walkway covered over by a succession of arches or Vault supported by columns. In a Gothic architecture cathedral the arcade is the lowest part of the wall of the nave, supporting the triforium and the clerestory....
 formed of two glass-vaulted arcades at right angles intersecting in an octagon
Octagon

In geometry, an octagon is a polygon that has 8 sides. A regular octagon is represented by the Schl?fli symbol ....
; it is prominently sited on the northern side of the Piazza del Duomo in Milan
Milan

Milan is the second largest city of Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. It is the capital in the Province of Milan, as well as the Regions of Italy capital of Lombardy....
, and connects to the Piazza della Scala. Named after Vittorio Emanuele II
Victor Emmanuel II of Italy

Victor Emmanuel II, King of Italy , was the Monarch of Piedmont, Savoy, and Sardinia from 1849 to 1861. On February 18, 1861, he assumed the title King of Italy to become the first king of a Italian unification, a title he held until his death in 1878....
, the first king of united Italy
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
, it was originally designed in 1861 and built by Giuseppe Mengoni
Giuseppe Mengoni

Giuseppe Mengoni was an Italy architect. He designed the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II in Milan. He died by accident, falling of the roof of the gallery he had built....
 between 1865 and 1877.

The street is covered over by an arching glass
Glass

Glass generally refers to a Hardness, brittle, transparency amorphous solid, such as that used for windows, many Glass Bottles, or eyewear, including, but not limited to, soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, acrylic glass, sugar glass, Muscovite , or aluminium oxynitride....
 and cast iron
Cast iron

Cast iron usually refers to Gray iron, but also identifies a large group of ferrous alloys, which solidify with a eutectic. The color of a fractured surface can be used to identify an alloy....
 roof, a popular design for nineteenth-century arcades, such as the Burlington Arcade
Burlington Arcade

The Burlington Arcade is a covered shopping arcade in London that runs behind Bond Street from Piccadilly through to Burlington Gardens. It is one of the precursors of the mid-19th century European shopping gallery and the modern shopping centre....
, London, which was the prototype for larger glazed shopping arcades, beginning with the Saint-Hubert Gallery
Galeries Royales Saint-Hubert

The Koninklijke Sint-Hubertusgalerijen or Galeries Royales Saint-Hubert is a glazed shopping arcade in Brussels that preceded other famous 19th-century shopping arcades such as the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II in Milan and The Passage in St Petersburg....
 in Brussels (opened 1847) and the Passazh in St Petersburg, (opened 1848) and including the Galleria Umberto
Galleria Umberto

Galleria Umberto I is a public shopping gallery in Naples, southern Italy. It is located directly across from the Teatro di San Carlo opera house....
 in Naples (opened 1890).

The central octagonal space is topped with a glass dome
Dome

A dome is a structural element of architecture that resembles the hollow upper half of a sphere. Dome structures made of various materials have a long architectural lineage extending into prehistory....
.






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The Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II is a covered double arcade
Arcade (architecture)

An arcade is a passage or walkway covered over by a succession of arches or Vault supported by columns. In a Gothic architecture cathedral the arcade is the lowest part of the wall of the nave, supporting the triforium and the clerestory....
 formed of two glass-vaulted arcades at right angles intersecting in an octagon
Octagon

In geometry, an octagon is a polygon that has 8 sides. A regular octagon is represented by the Schl?fli symbol ....
; it is prominently sited on the northern side of the Piazza del Duomo in Milan
Milan

Milan is the second largest city of Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. It is the capital in the Province of Milan, as well as the Regions of Italy capital of Lombardy....
, and connects to the Piazza della Scala. Named after Vittorio Emanuele II
Victor Emmanuel II of Italy

Victor Emmanuel II, King of Italy , was the Monarch of Piedmont, Savoy, and Sardinia from 1849 to 1861. On February 18, 1861, he assumed the title King of Italy to become the first king of a Italian unification, a title he held until his death in 1878....
, the first king of united Italy
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
, it was originally designed in 1861 and built by Giuseppe Mengoni
Giuseppe Mengoni

Giuseppe Mengoni was an Italy architect. He designed the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II in Milan. He died by accident, falling of the roof of the gallery he had built....
 between 1865 and 1877.

The street is covered over by an arching glass
Glass

Glass generally refers to a Hardness, brittle, transparency amorphous solid, such as that used for windows, many Glass Bottles, or eyewear, including, but not limited to, soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, acrylic glass, sugar glass, Muscovite , or aluminium oxynitride....
 and cast iron
Cast iron

Cast iron usually refers to Gray iron, but also identifies a large group of ferrous alloys, which solidify with a eutectic. The color of a fractured surface can be used to identify an alloy....
 roof, a popular design for nineteenth-century arcades, such as the Burlington Arcade
Burlington Arcade

The Burlington Arcade is a covered shopping arcade in London that runs behind Bond Street from Piccadilly through to Burlington Gardens. It is one of the precursors of the mid-19th century European shopping gallery and the modern shopping centre....
, London, which was the prototype for larger glazed shopping arcades, beginning with the Saint-Hubert Gallery
Galeries Royales Saint-Hubert

The Koninklijke Sint-Hubertusgalerijen or Galeries Royales Saint-Hubert is a glazed shopping arcade in Brussels that preceded other famous 19th-century shopping arcades such as the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II in Milan and The Passage in St Petersburg....
 in Brussels (opened 1847) and the Passazh in St Petersburg, (opened 1848) and including the Galleria Umberto
Galleria Umberto

Galleria Umberto I is a public shopping gallery in Naples, southern Italy. It is located directly across from the Teatro di San Carlo opera house....
 in Naples (opened 1890).

The central octagonal space is topped with a glass dome
Dome

A dome is a structural element of architecture that resembles the hollow upper half of a sphere. Dome structures made of various materials have a long architectural lineage extending into prehistory....
. The Milanese Galleria was larger in scale than its predecessors and was an important step in the evolution of the modern glazed and enclosed shopping mall
Shopping mall

File:Nordstrom wing , Pentagon City Mall.jpgA shopping mall or shopping centre is a building or set of buildings which contain retail units, with interconnecting walkways enabling visitors to easily walk from unit to unit....
, of which it was the direct progenitor. It has inspired the use of the term galleria
Galleria

Galleria , or The Galleria, is a common name for a shopping mall, ultimately deriving from the 19th-century Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II in Milan....
 for many other shopping arcades and malls.

The Galleria connects two of Milan's most famous landmarks: The Duomo and the Teatro Alla Scala
La Scala

The Teatro alla Scala , in Milan, Italy, is one of the world's most famous opera houses. The theatre was inaugurated on 3 August 1778, under the name Nuovo Regio Ducal Teatro alla Scala with Antonio Salieri Europa riconosciuta....
.

More than 130 years after its inauguration, the four-story arcade includes elegant shops selling most things from haute couture
Haute couture

Haute couture refers to the creation of exclusive custom-fitted clothing. Haute couture is made to order for a specific customer, and it is usually made from high-quality, expensive fabric and sewn with extreme attention to detail and finish, often using time-consuming, hand-executed techniques....
 to books, as well as restaurants, cafés and bars. Directly connected to the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II is Milan's ultra-luxurious Town House Galleria hotel, offering the city's most luxurious (and most expensive) rooms and facilities.

The Galleria is the site for many luxury goods' shops, like Gucci
Gucci

The House of Gucci, better known simply as Gucci, is an iconic Italy fashion design and leather goods label. It was founded by Guccio Gucci in Florence in 1921....
, Prada
Prada

Prada, S.p.A. is an Italy fashion label specializing in luxury goods for men and women . Prada is considered one of the most influential clothing designers in the fashion industry....
, Louis Vuitton
Louis Vuitton

Louis Vuitton Malletier , commonly referred to as Louis Vuitton, or sometimes shortened to LV, is a France luxury goods company. Founded in 1854, one of the main divisions of LVMH headquartered in Paris, France....
.

  • Johann F. Geist, 1982. Arcades: The History of a Building Type (MIT Press) ISBN 0-262-07082-0


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