Gaetulia

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Gaetulia

Gaetulia is the name of a Roman

Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC....
region in present-day southern Algeria

Algeria

Algeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country located in North Africa. It is the largest country of the Mediterranean sea, second largest in the Arab World, and the second largest on the African continent and the eleventh-largest country in the world in terms of land area....
. It is mostly desert

Désert

?D?sert? is ?milie Simon's debut single, released in October 2002. The song was a huge success both critically and commercially in her homeland....
. Parts of the Atlas mountains

Atlas Mountains

The Atlas Mountains are a mountain range across a northern stretch of Africa extending about 2,400 km through Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. The highest peak is Jbel Toubkal, with an elevation of in southwestern Morocco....
occupy its northwestern tip. The Zenata

Zenata

The Zenata are one of the main divisions of the medieval Berber people, along with Senhaja and Masmuda. They were traditionally nomads whose main home was the Middle Maghreb , an area stretching, roughly speaking, from the Rif to Chlef Province....
are considered Gaetulian.

was the name given to an ancient district in North Africa, which in the usage of Roman writers comprised the nomadic tribes of the southern slopes of Mount Aures and the Atlas, as far as the Atlantic, and the oases in the northern part of the Sahara

Sahara

The Sahara is the world's largest hot desert. At over 9,000,000 square kilometers , it covers most of Northern Africa, making it almost as large as the United States or the continent of Europe....
.

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Encyclopedia

Gaetulia is the name of a Roman

Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC....
region in present-day southern Algeria

Algeria

Désert

?D?sert? is ?milie Simon's debut single, released in October 2002. The song was a huge success both critically and commercially in her homeland....
. Parts of the Atlas mountains

Atlas Mountains

Zenata

Region

This was the name given to an ancient district in North Africa, which in the usage of Roman writers comprised the nomadic tribes of the southern slopes of Mount Aures and the Atlas, as far as the Atlantic, and the oases in the northern part of the Sahara

Sahara

Sub-Saharan Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa is a geographical term used to describe the area of the African continent which lies south of the Sahara, or those African countries which are fully or partially located south of the Sahara....
) Africans to the south, and beyond doubt belonged to the same Berber

Berber people

Berbers are the indigenous ethnic groups of North Africa west of the Nile Valley. They are discontinuously distributed from the Atlantic to the Siwa oasis, in Egypt, and from the Mediterranean to the Niger River....
race which formed the basis of the population of Numidia

Numidia

Numidia was an ancient Berber people kingdom in present-day Algeria and part of Tunisia that later alternated between being a Roman province and being a Roman client state, and is no longer in existence today....
. The tribes to be found there at the present day are probably of the same race, and retain the same nomadic habits; and it is possible that they still bear in certain places the name of their Gaetulian ancestors (see Vivien-St.-Martin, Le Nerd de l'Afrique, 1863). A few only seem to have mingled with the Blacks of the Sahara, if we may thus interpret Ptolemy

Ptolemy

Claudius Ptolemaeus , known in English as Ptolemy , was a Roman Greek mathematics, Greek astronomy, geographer and astrologer. He lived in History of Roman Egypt, and was probably born there in a town in the Thebaid called Ptolemais Hermiou; he died in Alexandria around 168 AD....
's allusion to Melano-Gaetuli (~. 6. 5.). They were noted for the rearing of horses, and according to Strabo had 100,000 foals in a single year. They were clad in skins, lived on meat and milk, and the only manufacture connected with their name is that of the purple dye which became famous from the time of Augustus onwards, and was made from the purple shell fish Murex brandaris

Murex

Murex is a genus of medium to large sized predatory tropical sea snails. These are carnivore marine gastropod molluscs in the family Muricidae, the murexes or rock snails....
found on the coast, apparently both in the Syrtes and on the Atlantic.

History

We first hear of this people in the Jugurthine War

Jugurthine War

The Jugurthine War takes its name from Jugurtha, nephew and later adopted son of Micipsa, King of Numidia....
(111-106 B.C.), when, as Sallust

Sallust

For the philosopher, see Sallustius; for other uses, see Sallust .Gaius Sallustius Crispus, generally known simply as Sallust, , a Roman Republic historian, belonged to a well-known plebeian family, and was born at Amiternum in the country of the Sabines....
tells us, they did not even know the name of Rome

Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
. They took part with Jugurtha

Jugurtha

Jugurtha or Jugurthen was a Berber Ancient Libya King of Numidia, born in Cirta. The name Jugurthen pronounced in Berber Yugur tn or Yugr tn is actually a Berber name and phrase meaning: is greater than them....
against Rome; but when we next hear of them they are in alliance with Caesar

Julius Caesar

'Gaius Julius Caesar' , July 13, 100 BC ? March 15, 44 BC,) was a Roman Republic military and political leader. He played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire....
against Juba I

Juba I of Numidia

File:Juba denarius in support of Pompey against Cesar 60 46 BCE.jpgJuba I of Numidia or Juba I , was a King of Numidia. He was the son and successor to King of Numidia Hiempsal II....
(Bell. Afr. 32). In 25 B.C. Augustus seems to have given a part of Gaetulia to Juba II

Juba II

Juba II or Juba II of Numidia was a king of Numidia and then later moved to Mauretania. His first wife was Cleopatra Selene II, the last Ptolemaic dynasty Monarch and daughter to Greece Ptolemaic Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt and Roman triumvir Mark Antony....
, together with his kingdom of Mauretania, doubtless with the object of controlling the turbulent tribes; but the Gaetulians rose and massacred the Roman residents, and it was not till a severe defeat had been inflicted on them by Cornelius Lentulus

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Gaetulicus

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Gaetulicus was a Roman general and politician. He was involved in a plot against the emperor Caligula and was executed after its discovery....
(who thus acquired the surname Gaetulicus) in 6 A.D. that they submitted to the king. After Mauritania became a Roman province in 40 A.D., the Roman governors made frequent expeditions into the Gaetulian territory to the south, and the official view seems to be expressed by Pliny (v. 4. 30) when he says that all Gaetulia as far as the Niger River

Niger River

The Niger River is the principal river of western Africa, extending about 4180 km . Its drainage basin is in area. Its source is in the Guinea Highlands in southeastern Guinea....
and the Ethiopian frontier was reckoned as subject to the Empire. How far this represents the fact is not clear; but inscriptions prove that Gaetulians served in the auxiliary troops of the empire, and it may be assumed that the country passed within the sphere of Roman influence, though hardly within the pale of Roman civilization.