GYRO
Encyclopedia
GYRO is a computational plasma physics code developed and maintained at General Atomics
General Atomics
General Atomics is a nuclear physics and defense contractor headquartered in San Diego, California. General Atomics’ research into fission and fusion matured into competencies in related technologies, allowing the company to expand into other fields of research...

. It solves the 5-D coupled gyrokinetic
Gyrokinetics
Gyrokinetics is a branch of plasma physics derived from kinetics and electromagnetism used to describe the low-frequency phenomena in a plasma. The trajectory of charged particles in a magnetic field is a helix that winds around the field line...

-Maxwell equations using a combination of finite difference
Finite difference
A finite difference is a mathematical expression of the form f − f. If a finite difference is divided by b − a, one gets a difference quotient...

, finite element
Finite element method
The finite element method is a numerical technique for finding approximate solutions of partial differential equations as well as integral equations...

 and spectral methods
Spectral method
Spectral methods are a class of techniques used in applied mathematics and scientific computing to numerically solve certain Dynamical Systems, often involving the use of the Fast Fourier Transform. Where applicable, spectral methods have excellent error properties, with the so called "exponential...

. Given plasma equilibrium data, GYRO can determine the rate of turbulent transport of particles, momentum and energy.
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