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GÉANT is the main Europe
Europe

Europe is, conventionally, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural , the Caspian Sea, and by the Caucasus Mountains to the southeast....
an multi-gigabit
Gigabit

Gigabit is a unit of Computer data storage, with the symbol Gbit .1 gigabit = 109 = 1,000,000,000 bits The gigabit is closely related to the gibibit, which is unambiguously equal to 230 bits = 1,073,741,824 bits....
 computer network
Computer network

A computer network is a group of interconnected computers. Networks may be classified according to a wide variety of characteristics. This article provides a general overview of some types and categories and also presents the basic components of a network....
 for research
Research

Research is defined as human activity based on intellectual application in the investigation of matter. The primary purpose for applied research is discovery , interpretation , and the development of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge on a wide variety of scientific matters of our world and the universe....
 and education
Education

File:Inukshuk Monterrey 1.jpgEducation can be seen as a product or a process and considered in a broad sense or a technical sense. According to philosophy of education George F....
 purposes. GÉANT link speeds range from 155 Mbit/s on the slowest spur links to 10 Gbit/s in the core optical fiber
Optical fiber

An optical fiber is a glass or plastic fiber that carries light along its length. Fiber optics is the overlap of applied science and engineering concerned with the design and application of optical fibers....
 network.

The GÉANT project began in November 2000, entered full production operation in December 2001 (fully replacing TEN-155). Originally due to finish in October 2004, it was subsequently extended until April 2005. The project to plan, procure, build and operate the next generation of the network was named GÉANT2
GÉANT2

G?ANT2 is the seventh generation of pan-European research and education network, successor to the pan-European multi-gigabit research network G?ANT....
 and it began in September 2004.

It is intended that GÉANT interconnect with other regional research networks (such as JANET
JANET

File:JANET.png JANET is a private British government-funded computer network dedicated to education and research. All further- and higher-education organisations in the UK are connected to JANET, as are all the Research Councils; the majority of these sites are connected via 20 metropolitan area networks across the UK....
, HEAnet
HEAnet

HEAnet , provides high-speed Internet access to academic institutions in Republic of Ireland direct to European and United States networks. The network is funded by the Higher Education Authority and is a Wide area network-based network....
, Abilene Network
Abilene Network

Abilene Network was the United States high-performance backbone network created by the Internet2 community. It is now called Internet2 Network....
, CANARIE
CANARIE

CANARIE, the Canadian Advanced Network and Research for Industry and Education, is a Canada government supported non-profit corporation, founded in 1993, which maintains a set of leased wide area network links and also develops and deploys advanced computer network applications and technologies, for education and high-speed data transfe...
, ESnet, SINET) to create a single global research network.






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GÉANT is the main Europe
Europe

Europe is, conventionally, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural , the Caspian Sea, and by the Caucasus Mountains to the southeast....
an multi-gigabit
Gigabit

Gigabit is a unit of Computer data storage, with the symbol Gbit .1 gigabit = 109 = 1,000,000,000 bits The gigabit is closely related to the gibibit, which is unambiguously equal to 230 bits = 1,073,741,824 bits....
 computer network
Computer network

A computer network is a group of interconnected computers. Networks may be classified according to a wide variety of characteristics. This article provides a general overview of some types and categories and also presents the basic components of a network....
 for research
Research

Research is defined as human activity based on intellectual application in the investigation of matter. The primary purpose for applied research is discovery , interpretation , and the development of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge on a wide variety of scientific matters of our world and the universe....
 and education
Education

File:Inukshuk Monterrey 1.jpgEducation can be seen as a product or a process and considered in a broad sense or a technical sense. According to philosophy of education George F....
 purposes. GÉANT link speeds range from 155 Mbit/s on the slowest spur links to 10 Gbit/s in the core optical fiber
Optical fiber

An optical fiber is a glass or plastic fiber that carries light along its length. Fiber optics is the overlap of applied science and engineering concerned with the design and application of optical fibers....
 network.

The GÉANT project began in November 2000, entered full production operation in December 2001 (fully replacing TEN-155). Originally due to finish in October 2004, it was subsequently extended until April 2005. The project to plan, procure, build and operate the next generation of the network was named GÉANT2
GÉANT2

G?ANT2 is the seventh generation of pan-European research and education network, successor to the pan-European multi-gigabit research network G?ANT....
 and it began in September 2004.

It is intended that GÉANT interconnect with other regional research networks (such as JANET
JANET

File:JANET.png JANET is a private British government-funded computer network dedicated to education and research. All further- and higher-education organisations in the UK are connected to JANET, as are all the Research Councils; the majority of these sites are connected via 20 metropolitan area networks across the UK....
, HEAnet
HEAnet

HEAnet , provides high-speed Internet access to academic institutions in Republic of Ireland direct to European and United States networks. The network is funded by the Higher Education Authority and is a Wide area network-based network....
, Abilene Network
Abilene Network

Abilene Network was the United States high-performance backbone network created by the Internet2 community. It is now called Internet2 Network....
, CANARIE
CANARIE

CANARIE, the Canadian Advanced Network and Research for Industry and Education, is a Canada government supported non-profit corporation, founded in 1993, which maintains a set of leased wide area network links and also develops and deploys advanced computer network applications and technologies, for education and high-speed data transfe...
, ESnet, SINET) to create a single global research network. It currently has gigabit links to North America and Japan.

The GÉANT network is managed by DANTE
DANTE

DANTE is a not-for-profit organisation that plans, builds and operates the international networks that interconnect the various National Research and Education Networks in Europe and surrounding regions....
 (Delivery of Advanced Network Technology to Europe).

National research and education networks connected to GÉANT are:

  • Austria
    Austria

    Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west....
    's ACOnet
  • Belgium
    Belgium

    * A small German-speaking Community of Belgium exists in eastern Wallonia. Belgium's linguistic diversity and related political and cultural conflicts are reflected in the history of Belgium and a complex Communities and regions of Belgium....
    's BELNET
  • Bulgaria
    Bulgaria

    The state of Bulgaria , Scientific transliteration Balgarija, officially the Republic of Bulgaria has played a significant role in the Balkans in south-eastern Europe for over fourteen centuries....
    's ISTF
  • Croatia
    Croatia

    Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a Central European country at the crossroads of Pannonian Plain, Balkans, and the Mediterranean Sea....
    's CARNet
    CARNet

    CARNet is the Croatian academia and Research computer network .The network was founded in 1991 by the ministry of science and technology, and the institution officially came to life in 1995 when the government decreed so....
  • Cyprus
    Cyprus

    Cyprus , officially the Republic of Cyprus , is an island country situated in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, east of Greece, west of Lebanon, Syria, and Israel, south of Turkey and north of Egypt....
    's CYNET
  • Czech Republic
    Czech Republic

    The Czech Republic , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country borders Poland to the northeast, Germany to the west, Austria to the south and Slovakia to the east....
    's CESNET
    CESNET

    CESNET is Czech Republic's National Research and Education Network operator. It has been founded in 1996 by universities and the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic - ....
  • Denmark
    Denmark

    Denmark is a Scandinavian country in northern Europe and the senior member of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries....
    's Forskningsnettet (connected via NORDUnet
    NORDUnet

    NORDUnet is an international collaboration between the Nordic countries national computer networks for research and education. The members of NORDUnet are:...
    )
  • Estonia
    Estonia

    Estonia , officially the Republic of Estonia is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by Finland across the Gulf of Finland, to the west by Sweden across the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia , and to the east by the Russia ....
    's EENet
    EENet

    Estonian Educational and Research Network is a governmental nonprofit organization established in August 1993 by the Ministry of Education of Estonia with the task of managing, coordinating and developing the computer network of science, education and culture....
  • Finland
    Finland

    Finland , officially the Republic of Finland , is a Nordic countries situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. It borders Sweden on the west, Russia on the east, and Norway on the north, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland....
    's FUNET
    FUNET

    FUNET is the Finland University and Research Network, a backbone network providing Internet connections for Finnish universities and research facilities....
     (connected via NORDUnet
    NORDUnet

    NORDUnet is an international collaboration between the Nordic countries national computer networks for research and education. The members of NORDUnet are:...
    )
  • France
    France

    France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
    's Renater
    Renater

    Renater is a France national public high speed computer networking dedicated to connecting universities, schools , and research centers through the whole country....
  • Germany
    Germany

    Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
    's DFN
  • Greece
    Greece

    Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....
    's GRNET
    GRNET

    GRNET is the national research and education network of Greece. GRNET develops and provides advanced services of national and international internet access to the Research, Academic and Education communities of Greece, with its gigabit GRNET2 network and the Virtual NOC supportive scheme....
  • Hungary
    Hungary

    Hungary , officially in English the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia....
    's HUNGARNET
  • Iceland
    Iceland

    Iceland, officially the Republic of Iceland , is an island country located in the North Atlantic Ocean between mainland Europe and Greenland....
    's RHnet (connected via NORDUnet
    NORDUnet

    NORDUnet is an international collaboration between the Nordic countries national computer networks for research and education. The members of NORDUnet are:...
    )
  • Ireland
    Republic of Ireland

    Ireland is an Island country in north-western Europe. The modern Sovereignty state occupies about five-sixths of the island of Ireland, which was partitioned by the British on 3 May 1921....
    's HEAnet
    HEAnet

    HEAnet , provides high-speed Internet access to academic institutions in Republic of Ireland direct to European and United States networks. The network is funded by the Higher Education Authority and is a Wide area network-based network....
  • India
    India

    India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, the List of countries by population country, and the most populous liberal democracy in the world....
    's
  • Israel
    Israel

    Israel officially the State of Israel , is a country in the Middle East located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan in the east, and Egypt on the southwest, and contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area....
    's IUCC
  • Italy
    Italy

    Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
    's GARR
    Garr

    Garr may refer to:*Allen Garr, journalist, author, and journalism instructor based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada*Ralph Garr , former Major League Baseball player...
  • Latvia
    Latvia

    Latvia The Latvians are a Baltic peoples culturally related to the Estonians and Lithuanians, with the Latvian language having many similarities with Lithuanian language, but not with the Estonian language....
    's SigmaNet
  • Lithuania
    Lithuania

    Lithuania , officially the Republic of Lithuania is a country in Northern Europe, the southernmost of the three Baltic states. Situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, it shares borders with Latvia to the north, Belarus to the southeast, Poland, and the Russian exclave of Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest....
    's LITNET
    LITNET

    LITNET is an Academic and Research Network in Lithuania. It was established in 1991 and had X.25 satellite connectivity to University of Oslo....
  • Luxembourg
    Luxembourg

    Luxembourg , officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , is a small landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany....
    's RESTENA
  • Malta
    Malta

    Malta , officially the Republic of Malta , is a densely populated developed country European microstates microstate in the European Union....
    's RicerkaNet
  • Netherlands
    Netherlands

    The Netherlands is a country that is part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands is located in North-West Europe, and bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east....
    ' SURFnet
    SURFnet

    SURFnet is the organisation that develops, implements and maintains the national research and educational network of the Netherlands. The network itself is also called SURFnet....
  • Norway
    Norway

    Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a constitutional monarchy in Northern Europe that occupies the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula....
    's UNINETT
    UNINETT

    UNINETT is a Norway government-owned company responsible for deploying and maintaining a national research based computer network . They also conduct network research and pilot projects related to high speed connectivity....
     (connected via NORDUnet
    NORDUnet

    NORDUnet is an international collaboration between the Nordic countries national computer networks for research and education. The members of NORDUnet are:...
    )
  • Poland
    Poland

    Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian Enclave and exclave, to the north....
    's POL-34
    POL-34

    POL-34 is a Poland academic computer network created to provide high-speed Internet access and to conduct network-based research. Most of the government founded higher education organisations and all of metropolitan area networks in Poland are connected to POL-34....
  • Portugal
    Portugal

    Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic , is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. Located in southwestern Europe, Portugal is the westernmost country of mainland Europe and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east....
    's FCCN
  • Romania
    Romania

    Romania is a country located in Southeastern Europe Central Europe, North of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian Mountains, bordering on the Black Sea....
    's RoEduNet
  • Slovakia
    Slovakia

    Slovakia . It was amended in September 1998 to allow direct election of the president and again in February 2001 due to EU admission requirements....
    's SANET
  • Slovenia
    Slovenia

    Slovenia , officially the Republic of Slovenia , is a country in southern Central Europe bordering Italy to the west, the Adriatic Sea to the southwest, Croatia to the south and east, Hungary to the northeast, and Austria to the north....
    's ARNES
    ARNES

    ARNES stands for Academic and Research Network of Slovenia. Its main task is development, operation and management of the communication and information network for education and research, and was established as an independent public institution in 1992....
  • Spain
    Spain

    Spain or the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in Southern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though Espa?a , Estado espa?ol and Naci?n espa?ola are used interchangeably....
    's RedIRIS
    RedIRIS

    RedIRIS is the national research and education network for Spain. It is part of Red.es, which also administers and oversees the .es national Top-level domain....
  • Sweden
    Sweden

    Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic countries on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden has land borders with Norway to the west and Finland to the northeast, and it is connected to Denmark by the ?resund Bridge in the south....
    's SUNET
    SUNET

    SUNET is the Swedish University Computer Network. SUNET provides high-speed Internet access to academic institutions in Sweden. The current incarnation of the network, OptoSunet, provides 40 Gigabit/s links between the cities hosting universities....
     (connected via NORDUnet
    NORDUnet

    NORDUnet is an international collaboration between the Nordic countries national computer networks for research and education. The members of NORDUnet are:...
    )
  • Switzerland
    Switzerland

    Switzerland is a landlocked Swiss Alps country of roughly 7.7 million people in Western Europe with an area of 41,285 km?. Switzerland is a federal republic consisting of 26 states called Cantons of Switzerland....
    's SWITCH
    SWITCH Information Technology Services

    SWITCH is the manager of the .ch and .li country-code top-level domains for Switzerland and Liechtenstein, respectively. It also manages the educational networks among Swiss universities, and the links to other university networks....
  • Turkey
    Turkey

    Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in southwest Asia and Thrace in the Balkans region of Southern Europe....
    's ULAKNET
  • United Kingdom
    United Kingdom

    The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom , the UK or Britain,is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe....
    's JANET
    JANET

    File:JANET.png JANET is a private British government-funded computer network dedicated to education and research. All further- and higher-education organisations in the UK are connected to JANET, as are all the Research Councils; the majority of these sites are connected via 20 metropolitan area networks across the UK....


It also has interconnections to Canada
Canada

Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....
's CANARIE
CANARIE

CANARIE, the Canadian Advanced Network and Research for Industry and Education, is a Canada government supported non-profit corporation, founded in 1993, which maintains a set of leased wide area network links and also develops and deploys advanced computer network applications and technologies, for education and high-speed data transfe...
 research and education network.

External links



See also

  • GÉANT2
    GÉANT2

    G?ANT2 is the seventh generation of pan-European research and education network, successor to the pan-European multi-gigabit research network G?ANT....