The
fundus glands (or
fundic glands, or
gastric glands) are found in the
bodyA plane passing through the incisura angularis on the lesser curvature and the upper limit of the opposed dilatation on the greater curvature divides the stomach into an upper portion or body and a lower or pyloric portion. The lower portion of the body is known as the antrum, and is marked off...
and
fundusThe fundus of the stomach is the left portion of the stomach's body, and is marked off from the remainder of the body by a plane passing horizontally through the cardiac orifice....
of the
stomachIn most mammals, the stomach is a hollow, muscular organ of the gastrointestinal tract , between the esophagus and the small intestine. It is involved in the second phase of digestion, following mastication . The word stomach is derived from the Latin stomachus, which derives from the Greek word...
.
The
fundus glands (or
fundic glands, or
gastric glands) are found in the
bodyA plane passing through the incisura angularis on the lesser curvature and the upper limit of the opposed dilatation on the greater curvature divides the stomach into an upper portion or body and a lower or pyloric portion. The lower portion of the body is known as the antrum, and is marked off...
and
fundusThe fundus of the stomach is the left portion of the stomach's body, and is marked off from the remainder of the body by a plane passing horizontally through the cardiac orifice....
of the
stomachIn most mammals, the stomach is a hollow, muscular organ of the gastrointestinal tract , between the esophagus and the small intestine. It is involved in the second phase of digestion, following mastication . The word stomach is derived from the Latin stomachus, which derives from the Greek word...
.
They are simple tubes, two or more of which open into a single duct.
Pathology
Fundic gland polyposisFundic gland polyposis is a medical syndrome where the fundus of the stomach develops many polyps. The condition has been described both in patients with polyposis conditions of the colon , and in patients in whom it occurs sporadically.-Clinical presentation:Most patients with fundic gland...
is a medical syndrome where the
fundusFundus is an anatomical term referring to the portion of an organ opposite from its opening. Examples include:* Fundus * Fundus of gallbladder* Fundus * Fundus...
of the
stomachIn most mammals, the stomach is a hollow, muscular organ of the gastrointestinal tract , between the esophagus and the small intestine. It is involved in the second phase of digestion, following mastication . The word stomach is derived from the Latin stomachus, which derives from the Greek word...
develops many
polypsA polyp is an abnormal growth of tissue projecting from a mucous membrane. If it is attached to the surface by a narrow elongated stalk it is said to be pedunculated. If no stalk is present it is said to be sessile. Polyps are commonly found in the colon, stomach, nose, sinus, urinary bladder and...
.
Types of cells
| Location |
Name |
Description |
Secretion |
Staining
>-
| Isthmus |
goblet cells |
In gastric pits Gastric pits are indentations in the stomach which denote entrances to the gastric glands. They are deeper in the pylorus than they are in the other parts of the stomach. The human stomach has several million of these pits.-Gastric juice:...
. |
mucusIn vertebrates, mucus is a slippery secretion produced by, and covering, mucous membranes. It is a viscous colloid containing antiseptic enzymes and immunoglobulins that serves to protect epithelial cells in the respiratory,...
gel layer |
|
>-
| Neck
parietal (oxyntic) cellParietal cells, or oxyntic cells, are the stomach epithelium cells that secrete gastric acid and intrinsic factor.- Acid production :...
s |
Between the chief cells and the basement membrane The basement membrane is a thin sheet of fibers that underlies the epithelium, which lines the cavities and surfaces of organs, or the endothelium, which lines the interior surface of blood vessels.- Composition :...
, larger oval cells, which stain deeply with eosinEosin is a fluorescent red dye resulting from the action of bromine on fluorescein. It can be used to stain cytoplasm, collagen and muscle fibers for examination under the microscope. Structures that stain readily with eosin are termed eosinophilic....
, are found; these cells are studded throughout the tube at intervals, giving it a beaded or varicose appearance. These are known as the parietal cells or oxyntic cells, and they are connected with the lumenA lumen in biology is the inside space of a tubular structure, such as an artery or intestine...
by fine channels which run into their substance. |
gastric acidGastric acid is a secretion produced in the stomach. It is one of the main ditotonic solutions secreted, together with several enzymes and intrinsic factors...
and intrinsic factorIntrinsic factor is a glycoprotein produced by the parietal cells of the stomach. It is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B later on in the terminal ileum....
|
|
>-
| Base
chief (zymogenic) cell A gastric chief cell is a cell in the stomach that releases pepsinogen, gastric lipase and rennin...
s |
At the point where they open into the duct, which is termed the neck, the epitheliumIn biology and medicine, an epithelium is a tissue composed of cells that line the cavities and surfaces of structures throughout the body. Many glands are also formed from epithelial tissue...
alters, and consists of short columnar or polyhedral, granular cells, which almost fill the tube, so that the lumen becomes suddenly constricted and is continued down as a very fine channel. They are known as the chief cells or central cells of the glands. |
pepsinogen, rennin |
Basophilic Basophilic is a technical term used by histologists. It describes the microscopic appearance of cells and tissues, as seen down the microscope, after a histological section has been stained with a basic dye. The most common such dye is haematoxylin....
>-
| Base |
enteroendocrine (APUD) cells Enteroendocrine cells are specialized endocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract. They produce hormones such as serotonin, somatostatin, motilin, cholecystokinin, gastric inhibitory peptide, neurotensin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and enteroglucagon....
|
G cells are a type of enteroendocrine cell that secrete the hormone gastrin (gastrin promotes the secretion of pepsinogen (by chief cells) and HCl (by parietal cells) and promotes gastric contractions to mix contents). |
hormones |
- |
External links
- "Fundic stomach" - "Mammal, ruminant stomach (LM, High)" - "Digestive System: Alimentary Canal - fundic stomach"