Fulbeck
Encyclopedia
Fulbeck is a small village and civil parish
in the South Kesteven
district of Lincolnshire
, England. It lies on the A607, 11 miles (17.7 km) north from Grantham
and 10 miles (16.1 km) north-west from Sleaford
. To the north is Leadenham
, and to the south is Caythorpe
.
Homonymy with Fuhlbek (Germany, Schleswig-Holstein
) and Foulbec
(France, Upper Normandy, Folebec 1066).
to Perpendicular, and a Transitional-Norman font. The tower has eight crocketed
pinnacles
, and within the church are many monuments to the Fane family of Fulbeck Hall.
In 1885 Kelly's recorded that the chief crops grown in the area were wheat, barley, seeds and turnips, and that the village had both a Wesleyan and a Primitive
Methodist chapel, and an ancient cross. The base and shaft are all that remains if the 14th century cross.
The village public house
is the Hare and Hounds, a Grade II listed building originating from the 17th century.
In 1986, the former airfield of RAF Fulbeck
had the dubious honour of being considered by the United Kingdom
government body, NIREX
, as one possible site for an underground deep storage facility for the country's nuclear waste. Geological
investigations took place but plans for the facility were abandoned in 1987. The RAF station was used from October 1944 until the end of the war
by two Lancaster
squadrons, one of which was 189 Squadron.
family since 1632, has been much altered. It is now mostly built in the classically
inspired style of the 18th century, however there is a Tudor wing at the back of the hall and large Tudor cellars.
It was acquired by Sir Francis Fane, son of Francis Fane, 1st Earl of Westmorland
8th Baron le Despenser and de jure 8th and 6th Baron Bergavenny of Apethorpe Hall
Northamtonshire. The Hall was left by the Earl of Westmoreland to his third son Sir Francis Fane who was a courtier, Royalist and commander of the King's forces at Doncaster and Lincoln. Under the Commonwealth
the estate was confiscated however Sir Francis Fane was allowed to buy it back and before the Restoration of Charles II in 1660 he and his wife Elizabeth Darcy daughter of Sir Edward Darcy MP, grandson of the executed traitor Thomas Darcy, 1st Baron Darcy de Darcy
occupied much of their time in rebuilding the Hall in Restoration style. It was burned down 30 December 1731 and was rebuilt 1732-1733, with only the back wings and cellars surviving from the early 17th century.
His son, also Sir Francis, married Hannah Rushworth daughter of John Rushworth
MP and private secretary to Oliver Cromwell
. Rushworth was a republican and historian who is credited with drafting the Bill that abolished the monarchy
, House of Lords
and established England as a Republic, and many of his works and words were used by Thomas Jefferson
when he drafted the American Declaration of Independence
.
In 1767 Fulbeck Hall was left to Henry Fane of Brympton
owner of Brympton d'Evercy
who was a grandson of Sir Francis Fane, the second of Fulbeck and Hannah Rushworth. Henry Fane of Brymton made a fortune as a successful Bristol privateer and he left his Wormesley estates in Oxfordshire to his younger son Henry and his estates in Somerset, Dorset, and Lincolnshire were left to his eldest son Thomas Fane, 8th Earl of Westmorland
Thomas, 8th earl inherited the estates of his father and his cousin the 7th Earl making him one of the richest landowners in England. He left Fulbeck Hall to his younger son the Hon Henry Fane MP in 1783. He was a clerk in the Treasury before in 1772 he became Keeper of the King's Private Roads, Gates and Bridges.
the Hon. Henry Fane MP followed a long list of Fanes as Members of Parliament for Lyme Regis
the families pocket borough inherited from an uncle, John Scrope
MP, Secretary to the Treasury
and grandson of the executed regicide
Colonel Adrian Scrope
. The constituency at times provided the Fanes with two members of parliament at the same time and between 1753 and 1832 twelve separate members of the family represented Lyme Regis
in the Tory interest. Throughout this period the Fane family also represented Constituencies in Somerset, Lincolnshire, Kent, Hampshire, Northamptonshire and Oxfordshire. In 1777 Henry Fane married Anne Buckley Batson, heiress of the Avon Tyrrell estate in Hampshire, by whom he had 14 children. In 1784 they occupied Fulbeck and enlarged and refurnished it, adding a new north wing.
During the 19th century the house was home to General Sir Henry Fane MP for Lyme Regis
who was Commander-in-Chief, India
as well as his brother General Mildmay Fane. His nephew General Walter Fane
who raised Fane's Horse a regiment of volunteers to fight in China during the Second Opium War
succeeded him at Fulbeck Hall. This regiment still exists as part of Pakistan's armed forces. General Walter Fane is not to be confused with his brother Colonel Francis Fane
of Fulbeck Manor, who raised the Peshawar Light Horse in 1857 as an irregular cavalry unit to fight against the mutineers during the Indian Mutiny. T his regiment was disbanded in 1903. In the early 20th century the house was home to Colonel William Vere Reeve King-Fane
.
During the second world war 1939-1945 the house was requisitioned by the British Armed Forces and it was the location of the 1st Airborne Division before they left the united Kingdom of the Battle of Arnhem
. There is still an Arnham Museum at the house commemorating ths soldiers based in the house during the war.
Many of the contents of Fulbeck Hall were sold by Sotheby's
in October 2002. Included in the sale where letters and mementos given by the Duke of Wellington to two members of the Fane family - Harriet Fane, (better known as the early 19th century diarist Mrs Arbuthnot
) and her cousin Lady Georgiana Fane.
Civil parish
In England, a civil parish is a territorial designation and, where they are found, the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties...
in the South Kesteven
South Kesteven
South Kesteven is a local government district in Lincolnshire, England, forming part of the traditional Kesteven division of the county. It covers Grantham, Stamford, Bourne and Market Deeping.-History:...
district of Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire is a county in the east of England. It borders Norfolk to the south east, Cambridgeshire to the south, Rutland to the south west, Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire to the west, South Yorkshire to the north west, and the East Riding of Yorkshire to the north. It also borders...
, England. It lies on the A607, 11 miles (17.7 km) north from Grantham
Grantham
Grantham is a market town within the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It bestrides the East Coast Main Line railway , the historic A1 main north-south road, and the River Witham. Grantham is located approximately south of the city of Lincoln, and approximately east of Nottingham...
and 10 miles (16.1 km) north-west from Sleaford
Sleaford
Sleaford is a town in the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It is located thirteen miles northeast of Grantham, seventeen miles west of Boston, and nineteen miles south of Lincoln, and had a total resident population of around 14,500 in 6,167 households at the time...
. To the north is Leadenham
Leadenham
Leadenham is a village in North Kesteven, Lincolnshire, bypassed to the south in 1995 by the A17. It is on the A607 between Welbourn and Fulbeck, on the beginnings of the Lincoln Cliff.-The Village:...
, and to the south is Caythorpe
Caythorpe, Lincolnshire
Caythorpe is a large village and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It lies on the A607, 5 miles south from Leadenham and 8 miles north from Grantham. Caythorpe Heath stretches east of the village to Ermine Street and Byards Leap.-Village:Caythorpe Grade I listed...
.
Toponymy
The place-name is mentioned in a 11th century document as Fulebec. It derives from Old Norse fúll or Old Danish full "dirty", "stinking" (cognate of Old English fūl > English foul) and bekkr "stream".Homonymy with Fuhlbek (Germany, Schleswig-Holstein
Schleswig-Holstein
Schleswig-Holstein is the northernmost of the sixteen states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Schleswig...
) and Foulbec
Foulbec
Foulbec is a commune in the Eure department in the Haute-Normandie region in northern France.-Population:...
(France, Upper Normandy, Folebec 1066).
History
Fulbeck Grade I listed Anglican church is dedicated to St Nicholas. Originating from the 10th century, there were further additions and changes up to the 18th. The church, which was restored in 1888, retains a variety of styles from NormanNorman architecture
About|Romanesque architecture, primarily English|other buildings in Normandy|Architecture of Normandy.File:Durham Cathedral. Nave by James Valentine c.1890.jpg|thumb|200px|The nave of Durham Cathedral demonstrates the characteristic round arched style, though use of shallow pointed arches above the...
to Perpendicular, and a Transitional-Norman font. The tower has eight crocketed
Crocket
A crocket is a hook-shaped decorative element common in Gothic architecture. It is in the form of a stylised carving of curled leaves, buds or flowers which is used at regular intervals to decorate the sloping edges of spires, finials, pinnacles, and wimpergs....
pinnacles
Pinnacle
A pinnacle is an architectural ornament originally forming the cap or crown of a buttress or small turret, but afterwards used on parapets at the corners of towers and in many other situations. The pinnacle looks like a small spire...
, and within the church are many monuments to the Fane family of Fulbeck Hall.
In 1885 Kelly's recorded that the chief crops grown in the area were wheat, barley, seeds and turnips, and that the village had both a Wesleyan and a Primitive
Primitive Methodism
Primitive Methodism was a major movement in English Methodism from about 1810 until the Methodist Union in 1932. The Primitive Methodist Church still exists in the United States.-Origins:...
Methodist chapel, and an ancient cross. The base and shaft are all that remains if the 14th century cross.
The village public house
Public house
A public house, informally known as a pub, is a drinking establishment fundamental to the culture of Britain, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. There are approximately 53,500 public houses in the United Kingdom. This number has been declining every year, so that nearly half of the smaller...
is the Hare and Hounds, a Grade II listed building originating from the 17th century.
In 1986, the former airfield of RAF Fulbeck
RAF Fulbeck
RAF Station Fulbeck is a former World War II airfield in Lincolnshire, England. The airfield is located approximately east-northeast of Radcliffe on Trent; about north-northwest of London...
had the dubious honour of being considered by the United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
government body, NIREX
NIREX
Nirex was a United Kingdom body set up in 1982 by the UK nuclear industry to examine safe, environmental and economic aspects of deep geological disposal of intermediate-level and low-level radioactive waste....
, as one possible site for an underground deep storage facility for the country's nuclear waste. Geological
Geology
Geology is the science comprising the study of solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which it evolves. Geology gives insight into the history of the Earth, as it provides the primary evidence for plate tectonics, the evolutionary history of life, and past climates...
investigations took place but plans for the facility were abandoned in 1987. The RAF station was used from October 1944 until the end of the war
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
by two Lancaster
Avro Lancaster
The Avro Lancaster is a British four-engined Second World War heavy bomber made initially by Avro for the Royal Air Force . It first saw active service in 1942, and together with the Handley Page Halifax it was one of the main heavy bombers of the RAF, the RCAF, and squadrons from other...
squadrons, one of which was 189 Squadron.
Fulbeck Hall
Fulbeck Hall, the home of the FaneFane (surname)
Fane is an English surname of Welsh origins that belongs to a family who have produced a number of notable members. The family originated with Ivon Vane, who was a Welsh landowner and mercenary captain in the service of the Black Prince. Ivon Vane or John Fane, as he was known in English, was one...
family since 1632, has been much altered. It is now mostly built in the classically
Classical architecture
Classical architecture is a mode of architecture employing vocabulary derived in part from the Greek and Roman architecture of classical antiquity, enriched by classicizing architectural practice in Europe since the Renaissance...
inspired style of the 18th century, however there is a Tudor wing at the back of the hall and large Tudor cellars.
It was acquired by Sir Francis Fane, son of Francis Fane, 1st Earl of Westmorland
Francis Fane, 1st Earl of Westmorland
Francis Fane, 1st Earl of Westmorland, KB head of the Fane family, of Mereworth in Kent, and then of Apethorpe in Northamptonshire, was first a Member of Parliament and then an English peer...
8th Baron le Despenser and de jure 8th and 6th Baron Bergavenny of Apethorpe Hall
Apethorpe Hall
Apethorpe Hall in Apethorpe, Northamptonshire, England is a Grade I listed country house, dating back to the 15th century.The house is built around three courtyards lying on an east-west axis and is approximately by in area...
Northamtonshire. The Hall was left by the Earl of Westmoreland to his third son Sir Francis Fane who was a courtier, Royalist and commander of the King's forces at Doncaster and Lincoln. Under the Commonwealth
Commonwealth
Commonwealth is a traditional English term for a political community founded for the common good. Historically, it has sometimes been synonymous with "republic."More recently it has been used for fraternal associations of some sovereign nations...
the estate was confiscated however Sir Francis Fane was allowed to buy it back and before the Restoration of Charles II in 1660 he and his wife Elizabeth Darcy daughter of Sir Edward Darcy MP, grandson of the executed traitor Thomas Darcy, 1st Baron Darcy de Darcy
Thomas Darcy, 1st Baron Darcy de Darcy
Thomas Darcy, 1st Baron Darcy de Darcy , was an English statesman and rebel leader, who was executed for his part in an English rebellion known as the Pilgrimage of Grace.-Origins:...
occupied much of their time in rebuilding the Hall in Restoration style. It was burned down 30 December 1731 and was rebuilt 1732-1733, with only the back wings and cellars surviving from the early 17th century.
His son, also Sir Francis, married Hannah Rushworth daughter of John Rushworth
John Rushworth
John Rushworth , English historian, was born at Acklington Park in the parish of Warkworth, Northumberland, England. He compiled a series of works called Historical Collections , concerning the period of history covering the English Civil Wars throughout the 17th century.-Background:John Rushworth...
MP and private secretary to Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell was an English military and political leader who overthrew the English monarchy and temporarily turned England into a republican Commonwealth, and served as Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland....
. Rushworth was a republican and historian who is credited with drafting the Bill that abolished the monarchy
Monarchy
A monarchy is a form of government in which the office of head of state is usually held until death or abdication and is often hereditary and includes a royal house. In some cases, the monarch is elected...
, House of Lords
House of Lords
The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster....
and established England as a Republic, and many of his works and words were used by Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson was the principal author of the United States Declaration of Independence and the Statute of Virginia for Religious Freedom , the third President of the United States and founder of the University of Virginia...
when he drafted the American Declaration of Independence
United States Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence was a statement adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, which announced that the thirteen American colonies then at war with Great Britain regarded themselves as independent states, and no longer a part of the British Empire. John Adams put forth a...
.
In 1767 Fulbeck Hall was left to Henry Fane of Brympton
Henry Fane of Brympton
Henry Fane of Brympton, Somerset was a great-grandson of Francis Fane, 1st Earl of Westmorland and father of Thomas Fane, 8th Earl of Westmorland....
owner of Brympton d'Evercy
Brympton d'Evercy
Brympton d'Evercy is a manor house near Yeovil in the county of Somerset, England. It has been described as the most beautiful house in England, in a country of architecturally pleasing country houses; whatever the truth of that statement, in 1927 the British magazine Country Life published a set...
who was a grandson of Sir Francis Fane, the second of Fulbeck and Hannah Rushworth. Henry Fane of Brymton made a fortune as a successful Bristol privateer and he left his Wormesley estates in Oxfordshire to his younger son Henry and his estates in Somerset, Dorset, and Lincolnshire were left to his eldest son Thomas Fane, 8th Earl of Westmorland
Thomas Fane, 8th Earl of Westmorland
Thomas Fane, 8th Earl of Westmorland , MP for Lyme Regis and a lord commissioner of trade. Thomas Fane was the second son of Henry Fane of Brympton d'Evercy in Somerset and Anne sister and coheir of John Scrope, children of Thomas Scrope, a Bristol merchant. Anne was a granddaughter of Colonel...
Thomas, 8th earl inherited the estates of his father and his cousin the 7th Earl making him one of the richest landowners in England. He left Fulbeck Hall to his younger son the Hon Henry Fane MP in 1783. He was a clerk in the Treasury before in 1772 he became Keeper of the King's Private Roads, Gates and Bridges.
the Hon. Henry Fane MP followed a long list of Fanes as Members of Parliament for Lyme Regis
Lyme Regis (UK Parliament constituency)
Lyme Regis was a parliamentary borough in Dorset, which elected two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons from 1295 until 1832, and then one member from 1832 until 1868, when the borough was abolished.-1295-1629:...
the families pocket borough inherited from an uncle, John Scrope
John Scrope
John Scrope was a British lawyer and politician.He was the son of Thomas Scrope, a Bristol merchant, the third son and ultimate heir of Colonel Adrian Scrope of Wormsley in Oxfordshire, hung drawn and quartered after the restoration as one of the regicides of Charles I.Scrope was educated at the...
MP, Secretary to the Treasury
Secretary to the Treasury
In the United Kingdom, there are several Secretaries to the Treasury, who are junior Treasury ministers nominally acting as secretaries to HM Treasury. The origins of the office are unclear, although it probably originated during Lord Burghley's tenure as Lord Treasurer in the 16th century. The...
and grandson of the executed regicide
Regicide
The broad definition of regicide is the deliberate killing of a monarch, or the person responsible for the killing of a monarch. In a narrower sense, in the British tradition, it refers to the judicial execution of a king after a trial...
Colonel Adrian Scrope
Adrian Scrope
Colonel Adrian Scrope was the twenty seventh of the fifty nine Commissioners who signed the Death Warrant of King Charles I. He was hanged, drawn and quartered at Charing Cross after the restoration of Charles II.-Early life:...
. The constituency at times provided the Fanes with two members of parliament at the same time and between 1753 and 1832 twelve separate members of the family represented Lyme Regis
Lyme Regis (UK Parliament constituency)
Lyme Regis was a parliamentary borough in Dorset, which elected two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons from 1295 until 1832, and then one member from 1832 until 1868, when the borough was abolished.-1295-1629:...
in the Tory interest. Throughout this period the Fane family also represented Constituencies in Somerset, Lincolnshire, Kent, Hampshire, Northamptonshire and Oxfordshire. In 1777 Henry Fane married Anne Buckley Batson, heiress of the Avon Tyrrell estate in Hampshire, by whom he had 14 children. In 1784 they occupied Fulbeck and enlarged and refurnished it, adding a new north wing.
During the 19th century the house was home to General Sir Henry Fane MP for Lyme Regis
Lyme Regis (UK Parliament constituency)
Lyme Regis was a parliamentary borough in Dorset, which elected two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons from 1295 until 1832, and then one member from 1832 until 1868, when the borough was abolished.-1295-1629:...
who was Commander-in-Chief, India
Commander-in-Chief, India
During the period of the British Raj, the Commander-in-Chief, India was the supreme commander of the Indian Army. The Commander-in-Chief and most of his staff were based at General Headquarters, India, and liaised with the civilian Governor-General of India...
as well as his brother General Mildmay Fane. His nephew General Walter Fane
Walter Fane
General Walter Fane CB was a British General who served in Central India, on the North West Frontier as well as in China during the Opium Wars. Fane raised a troop of irregular cavalry to fight in China made up of Indian volunteers and they went on to become Fane's Horse, a regiment that remains...
who raised Fane's Horse a regiment of volunteers to fight in China during the Second Opium War
Second Opium War
The Second Opium War, the Second Anglo-Chinese War, the Second China War, the Arrow War, or the Anglo-French expedition to China, was a war pitting the British Empire and the Second French Empire against the Qing Dynasty of China, lasting from 1856 to 1860...
succeeded him at Fulbeck Hall. This regiment still exists as part of Pakistan's armed forces. General Walter Fane is not to be confused with his brother Colonel Francis Fane
Francis Fane (soldier)
Colonel Francis Augustus Fane was an English officer in the British Army who raised the Peshawar Light Horse during the Indian Mutiny. Fane was also a noted traveller, diarist, artist as well as in later years a successful banker.-Early life:...
of Fulbeck Manor, who raised the Peshawar Light Horse in 1857 as an irregular cavalry unit to fight against the mutineers during the Indian Mutiny. T his regiment was disbanded in 1903. In the early 20th century the house was home to Colonel William Vere Reeve King-Fane
William Vere Reeve King-Fane
Colonel William Vere Reeve King-Fane OBE, DL was a member of the Fane family an English landowner, soldier and High Sheriff of Lincolnshire.-Background:...
.
During the second world war 1939-1945 the house was requisitioned by the British Armed Forces and it was the location of the 1st Airborne Division before they left the united Kingdom of the Battle of Arnhem
Battle of Arnhem
The Battle of Arnhem was a famous Second World War military engagement fought in and around the Dutch towns of Arnhem, Oosterbeek, Wolfheze, Driel and the surrounding countryside from 17–26 September 1944....
. There is still an Arnham Museum at the house commemorating ths soldiers based in the house during the war.
Many of the contents of Fulbeck Hall were sold by Sotheby's
Sotheby's
Sotheby's is the world's fourth oldest auction house in continuous operation.-History:The oldest auction house in operation is the Stockholms Auktionsverk founded in 1674, the second oldest is Göteborgs Auktionsverk founded in 1681 and third oldest being founded in 1731, all Swedish...
in October 2002. Included in the sale where letters and mementos given by the Duke of Wellington to two members of the Fane family - Harriet Fane, (better known as the early 19th century diarist Mrs Arbuthnot
Harriet Arbuthnot
Harriet Arbuthnot was an early 19th century English diarist, social observer and political hostess on behalf of the Tory party. During the 1820s she was the "closest woman friend" of the hero of Waterloo and British Prime Minister, the 1st Duke of Wellington...
) and her cousin Lady Georgiana Fane.