Fugglestone St Peter
Encyclopedia
Fugglestone St Peter was a small village
, manor
, and civil parish
in Wiltshire
, England
, lying between the town of Wilton
and the city of Salisbury
. As a civil parish it came to an end in 1894, when it was divided between the adjoining parishes, but it still exists as a small settlement within the boundaries of Wilton, the street names being Minster Street, Salisbury Road, Maple Crescent, and Fugglestone.
The settlement now contains the British Army
's Fugglestone Camps, including its HQ Land Forces for the United Kingdom
. Nearby is the new development area called 'Fugglestone Red'.
s and three rivers, the Nadder
and two arms of the Wylye
, so that some 40 acres (161,874.4 m²) of the parish were under water. Fugglestone included the tithing of Quidhampton
, the chapelry of Bemerton
, and part of the hamlet
of Burdens Ball.
According to John Leland, King Ethelbert of Wessex was buried at Fugglestone, suggesting an early monastic institution there.
Apart from the medieval parish church
of St Peter
, which dates from the 12th century but may have pre-Norman
origins, little remains of the ancient village of Fugglestone, which stood at the western end of the parish near Wilton Abbey
, which owned the manor, so that Fugglestone village effectively became a suburb of the borough
of Wilton. Bemerton was at the other end of the parish, next to Fisherton Anger, and is recorded in the 11th century. St Andrew's chapel was built at Bemerton in the 14th century.
In 1236, the settlement was recorded as Fughelistone, meaning Fugol's Farm. In the 17th century, the name of the parish had several different forms, including Fouggleston, Foulston and Fulston. The Church of England
's record of the institution of Uriah Bankes as rector
in 1660 refers to it as "Fouggleston als
Foulston".
Fugglestone was part of a hundred called Branch and Dole.
The astrologer
Simon Forman
was born at Quidhampton in the parish in 1552.
In the Middle Ages
there was a leper
hospital at Fugglestone, called the Hospital of St Giles, which stood on a spot now enclosed within the park of Wilton House
. This was founded in about 1135 by Adelicia of Louvain
, the queen of King Henry I
, and the hospital claimed that Adelicia was entombed in its chapel. In 1645, the Mayor
of Wilton petitioned the Wiltshire Quarter Sessions
to provide relief for inmates of the hospital suffering from the Bubonic plague
. Of some forty poor people who had been admitted to the Hospital of St Giles, ten had died of the plague by 13 July 1645. The Hospital was still in existence in 1814, when it supported a prior
and four almspeople, but by then only the chapel was still standing, converted into lodgings for the poor. In 1851 these almshouse
s were replaced by a new row of cottages on the north side of the Warminster Road, the site of the hamlet of Burdens Ball, which are now known as 'St Giles's Hospital'. They were sited near the new almshouses of the former Hospital of St Mary Magdalene at Wilton, which had been founded before 1271, demolished in 1831, and its almspeople moved in 1832 to Fugglestone.
In 1801 and in 1851 the population of Fugglestone was just over 500, but this had risen to 1,060 by 1894. In the same year, with effect from 30 September, the civil parish was dissolved, being divided between the town of Wilton and the new parish of Bemerton. At the time of this division, sixteen houses and forty-six parishioners were transferred to Wilton, the rest going to Bemerton.
A farm called 'Fugglestone Farm' still covered some 600 acres (2.4 km²) in the 1920s, but its buildings were demolished and their site is now within the Army
's Erskine Barracks.
Parish register
s for Fugglestone survive in the Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre
, dating from 1568 for christenings and burials, 1608 for marriages. A 15th century shoe found near Minster Street, Fugglestone, is in the Salisbury and South Wiltshire Museum
.
In 1949, Fugglestone Farmhouse, a square building of stone north of the A36
and dating from the late 19th century, was acquired by the War Office
as the headquarters of the British Army's Southern Command
, together with a large area of land where the Army has since built barracks
, stores, married quarters, and other buildings. As a result, the remaining fields of Fugglestone Farm were thereafter managed from a farm called Fugglestone Red Buildings, in the middle of what had been an open field
.
Until 1972 there was still an ecclesiastical parish with the name 'Fugglestone with Bemerton' or 'Bemerton with Fugglestone', but in that year the parish was renamed 'Bemerton' only.
, a chancel
with lancet windows
, a south aisle
, a brick porch
, a 19th century gallery
, and a small 15th century bell turret. The chancel mainly dates from the 13th century. The bell tower has a ring of three bells. Two by John Danton dating from 1628 have the inscriptions "Love God" and "Praise
God".
The British Army
's 'Fugglestone Camps' are on both sides of the Bristol
to Weymouth railway line and include Erskine Barracks, HQ Land Forces, on Salisbury Road and The Avenue.
An Ordnance Survey
benchmark
on a railway bridge still has the designation 'Flush Bracket 63: Fugglestone St Peter'. Fugglestone also has the designated post code SP2
.
had gained the name of 'Fugglestone Red', having been developed on the farm of that name which replaced the Fugglestone Farm acquired by the Army in 1949. Fugglestone Red is seen as a northern suburb of Salisbury, and Wiltshire Council
has proposed a major new development there as part of its 'Core Strategy' published in 2009.
Village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet with the population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand , Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods, such as the West Village in Manhattan, New...
, manor
Manorialism
Manorialism, an essential element of feudal society, was the organizing principle of rural economy that originated in the villa system of the Late Roman Empire, was widely practiced in medieval western and parts of central Europe, and was slowly replaced by the advent of a money-based market...
, and civil parish
Civil parish
In England, a civil parish is a territorial designation and, where they are found, the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties...
in Wiltshire
Wiltshire
Wiltshire is a ceremonial county in South West England. It is landlocked and borders the counties of Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire. It contains the unitary authority of Swindon and covers...
, England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
, lying between the town of Wilton
Wilton, Wiltshire
Wilton is a town in Wiltshire, , England, with a rich heritage dating back to the Anglo-Saxons. Today it is dwarfed by its larger and more famous neighbour, Salisbury, but still has a range of notable shops and attractions, including Wilton House.The confluence of the rivers Wylye and Nadder is at...
and the city of Salisbury
Salisbury
Salisbury is a cathedral city in Wiltshire, England and the only city in the county. It is the second largest settlement in the county...
. As a civil parish it came to an end in 1894, when it was divided between the adjoining parishes, but it still exists as a small settlement within the boundaries of Wilton, the street names being Minster Street, Salisbury Road, Maple Crescent, and Fugglestone.
The settlement now contains the British Army
British Army
The British Army is the land warfare branch of Her Majesty's Armed Forces in the United Kingdom. It came into being with the unification of the Kingdom of England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. The new British Army incorporated Regiments that had already existed in England...
's Fugglestone Camps, including its HQ Land Forces for the United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
. Nearby is the new development area called 'Fugglestone Red'.
History
The ancient parish of Fugglestone contained 1,778 acreAcre
The acre is a unit of area in a number of different systems, including the imperial and U.S. customary systems. The most commonly used acres today are the international acre and, in the United States, the survey acre. The most common use of the acre is to measure tracts of land.The acre is related...
s and three rivers, the Nadder
River Nadder
The River Nadder is one of the chalk stream rivers of southern England, much sought after by fly fishermen because of its clear waters and abundance of brown trout. It is one of the main tributaries of the River Avon, rising from a number of springs and small streams at Donhead St. Mary in south...
and two arms of the Wylye
River Wylye
The River Wylye is a classic southern England chalk stream; champagne clear water flowing over gravel. Consequently, it is popular with anglers keen on fly fishing.- Course :...
, so that some 40 acres (161,874.4 m²) of the parish were under water. Fugglestone included the tithing of Quidhampton
Quidhampton, Wiltshire
Quidhampton is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, with a population of 404 according to the 2001 census. It forms part of the Salisbury urban area and is around 2 miles west of the city centre...
, the chapelry of Bemerton
Bemerton
Bemerton, once a separate village to the west of Salisbury, Wiltshire, England, is now virtually a suburb of that city. George Herbert was Rector of Fugglestone with Bemerton and is buried at Bemerton....
, and part of the hamlet
Hamlet
The Tragical History of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, or more simply Hamlet, is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1599 and 1601...
of Burdens Ball.
According to John Leland, King Ethelbert of Wessex was buried at Fugglestone, suggesting an early monastic institution there.
Apart from the medieval parish church
Parish church
A parish church , in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches....
of St Peter
Saint Peter
Saint Peter or Simon Peter was an early Christian leader, who is featured prominently in the New Testament Gospels and the Acts of the Apostles. The son of John or of Jonah and from the village of Bethsaida in the province of Galilee, his brother Andrew was also an apostle...
, which dates from the 12th century but may have pre-Norman
Norman conquest of England
The Norman conquest of England began on 28 September 1066 with the invasion of England by William, Duke of Normandy. William became known as William the Conqueror after his victory at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October 1066, defeating King Harold II of England...
origins, little remains of the ancient village of Fugglestone, which stood at the western end of the parish near Wilton Abbey
Wilton Abbey
Wilton Abbey was a Benedictine convent in Wiltshire, England, three miles from Salisbury on the site now occupied by Wilton House. A first foundation was made as a college of secular priests by Wulfstan, Ealdorman of Wiltshire, about 773, but after his death was changed into a convent for twelve...
, which owned the manor, so that Fugglestone village effectively became a suburb of the borough
Borough
A borough is an administrative division in various countries. In principle, the term borough designates a self-governing township although, in practice, official use of the term varies widely....
of Wilton. Bemerton was at the other end of the parish, next to Fisherton Anger, and is recorded in the 11th century. St Andrew's chapel was built at Bemerton in the 14th century.
In 1236, the settlement was recorded as Fughelistone, meaning Fugol's Farm. In the 17th century, the name of the parish had several different forms, including Fouggleston, Foulston and Fulston. The Church of England
Church of England
The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England and the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion. The church considers itself within the tradition of Western Christianity and dates its formal establishment principally to the mission to England by St...
's record of the institution of Uriah Bankes as rector
Rector
The word rector has a number of different meanings; it is widely used to refer to an academic, religious or political administrator...
in 1660 refers to it as "Fouggleston als
Pseudonym
A pseudonym is a name that a person assumes for a particular purpose and that differs from his or her original orthonym...
Foulston".
Fugglestone was part of a hundred called Branch and Dole.
The astrologer
Astrology
Astrology consists of a number of belief systems which hold that there is a relationship between astronomical phenomena and events in the human world...
Simon Forman
Simon Forman
Simon Forman was arguably the most popular Elizabethan astrologer, occultist and herbalist active in London during the reigns of Queen Elizabeth I and James I of England. His reputation, however, was severely tarnished after his death when he was implicated in the plot to kill Sir Thomas Overbury...
was born at Quidhampton in the parish in 1552.
In the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
there was a leper
Leprosy
Leprosy or Hansen's disease is a chronic disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis. Named after physician Gerhard Armauer Hansen, leprosy is primarily a granulomatous disease of the peripheral nerves and mucosa of the upper respiratory tract; skin lesions...
hospital at Fugglestone, called the Hospital of St Giles, which stood on a spot now enclosed within the park of Wilton House
Wilton House
Wilton House is an English country house situated at Wilton near Salisbury in Wiltshire. It has been the country seat of the Earls of Pembroke for over 400 years....
. This was founded in about 1135 by Adelicia of Louvain
Adeliza of Louvain
Adeliza of Louvain, sometimes known in England as Adelicia of Louvain, also called Adela and Aleidis; was queen consort of the Kingdom of England from 1121 to 1135, the second wife of Henry I...
, the queen of King Henry I
Henry I of England
Henry I was the fourth son of William I of England. He succeeded his elder brother William II as King of England in 1100 and defeated his eldest brother, Robert Curthose, to become Duke of Normandy in 1106...
, and the hospital claimed that Adelicia was entombed in its chapel. In 1645, the Mayor
Mayor
In many countries, a Mayor is the highest ranking officer in the municipal government of a town or a large urban city....
of Wilton petitioned the Wiltshire Quarter Sessions
Quarter Sessions
The Courts of Quarter Sessions or Quarter Sessions were local courts traditionally held at four set times each year in the United Kingdom and other countries in the former British Empire...
to provide relief for inmates of the hospital suffering from the Bubonic plague
Bubonic plague
Plague is a deadly infectious disease that is caused by the enterobacteria Yersinia pestis, named after the French-Swiss bacteriologist Alexandre Yersin. Primarily carried by rodents and spread to humans via fleas, the disease is notorious throughout history, due to the unrivaled scale of death...
. Of some forty poor people who had been admitted to the Hospital of St Giles, ten had died of the plague by 13 July 1645. The Hospital was still in existence in 1814, when it supported a prior
Prior
Prior is an ecclesiastical title, derived from the Latin adjective for 'earlier, first', with several notable uses.-Monastic superiors:A Prior is a monastic superior, usually lower in rank than an Abbot. In the Rule of St...
and four almspeople, but by then only the chapel was still standing, converted into lodgings for the poor. In 1851 these almshouse
Almshouse
Almshouses are charitable housing provided to enable people to live in a particular community...
s were replaced by a new row of cottages on the north side of the Warminster Road, the site of the hamlet of Burdens Ball, which are now known as 'St Giles's Hospital'. They were sited near the new almshouses of the former Hospital of St Mary Magdalene at Wilton, which had been founded before 1271, demolished in 1831, and its almspeople moved in 1832 to Fugglestone.
In 1801 and in 1851 the population of Fugglestone was just over 500, but this had risen to 1,060 by 1894. In the same year, with effect from 30 September, the civil parish was dissolved, being divided between the town of Wilton and the new parish of Bemerton. At the time of this division, sixteen houses and forty-six parishioners were transferred to Wilton, the rest going to Bemerton.
A farm called 'Fugglestone Farm' still covered some 600 acres (2.4 km²) in the 1920s, but its buildings were demolished and their site is now within the Army
British Army
The British Army is the land warfare branch of Her Majesty's Armed Forces in the United Kingdom. It came into being with the unification of the Kingdom of England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. The new British Army incorporated Regiments that had already existed in England...
's Erskine Barracks.
Parish register
Parish register
A parish register is a handwritten volume, normally kept in a parish church or deposited within a county record office or alternative archive repository, in which details of baptisms, marriages and burials are recorded.-History:...
s for Fugglestone survive in the Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre
Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre
Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre is a building in Chippenham, Wiltshire, England, which serves as a focal point for heritage services relating to Wiltshire and Swindon. It is funded by Wiltshire Council and Swindon Borough Council...
, dating from 1568 for christenings and burials, 1608 for marriages. A 15th century shoe found near Minster Street, Fugglestone, is in the Salisbury and South Wiltshire Museum
Salisbury and South Wiltshire Museum
Salisbury and South Wiltshire Museum, commonly known as Salisbury Museum is a museum in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. It houses one of the best collections relating to Stonehenge and local archaeology....
.
In 1949, Fugglestone Farmhouse, a square building of stone north of the A36
A36 road
The A36 is a trunk road and primary route in England that links the port city of Southampton to the city of Bath. At Bath, the A36 connects with the A4 road to Bristol, thus enabling a road link between the major ports of Southampton and Bristol. Originally, the A36 continued onto Avonmouth, but...
and dating from the late 19th century, was acquired by the War Office
War Office
The War Office was a department of the British Government, responsible for the administration of the British Army between the 17th century and 1964, when its functions were transferred to the Ministry of Defence...
as the headquarters of the British Army's Southern Command
Southern Command (United Kingdom)
-History:The Command was established in 1905 from the Second Army Corps and was initially based at Tidworth but in 1949 moved to Fugglestone Farm near Wilton in Wiltshire....
, together with a large area of land where the Army has since built barracks
Barracks
Barracks are specialised buildings for permanent military accommodation; the word may apply to separate housing blocks or to complete complexes. Their main object is to separate soldiers from the civilian population and reinforce discipline, training and esprit de corps. They were sometimes called...
, stores, married quarters, and other buildings. As a result, the remaining fields of Fugglestone Farm were thereafter managed from a farm called Fugglestone Red Buildings, in the middle of what had been an open field
Open field system
The open field system was the prevalent agricultural system in much of Europe from the Middle Ages to as recently as the 20th century in some places, particularly Russia and Iran. Under this system, each manor or village had several very large fields, farmed in strips by individual families...
.
Until 1972 there was still an ecclesiastical parish with the name 'Fugglestone with Bemerton' or 'Bemerton with Fugglestone', but in that year the parish was renamed 'Bemerton' only.
Present day
St Peter's Church now stands on Salisbury Road, Wilton, and the remainder of Fugglestone centres on Minster Street, Maple Crescent and a street named Fugglestone. The church has a two-bay naveNave
In Romanesque and Gothic Christian abbey, cathedral basilica and church architecture, the nave is the central approach to the high altar, the main body of the church. "Nave" was probably suggested by the keel shape of its vaulting...
, a chancel
Chancel
In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar in the sanctuary at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building...
with lancet windows
Lancet window
A lancet window is a tall narrow window with a pointed arch at its top. It acquired the "lancet" name from its resemblance to a lance. Instances of this architectural motif are most often found in Gothic and ecclesiastical structures, where they are often placed singly or in pairs.The motif first...
, a south aisle
Aisle
An aisle is, in general, a space for walking with rows of seats on both sides or with rows of seats on one side and a wall on the other...
, a brick porch
Porch
A porch is external to the walls of the main building proper, but may be enclosed by screen, latticework, broad windows, or other light frame walls extending from the main structure.There are various styles of porches, all of which depend on the architectural tradition of its location...
, a 19th century gallery
Balcony
Balcony , a platform projecting from the wall of a building, supported by columns or console brackets, and enclosed with a balustrade.-Types:The traditional Maltese balcony is a wooden closed balcony projecting from a...
, and a small 15th century bell turret. The chancel mainly dates from the 13th century. The bell tower has a ring of three bells. Two by John Danton dating from 1628 have the inscriptions "Love God" and "Praise
God".
The British Army
British Army
The British Army is the land warfare branch of Her Majesty's Armed Forces in the United Kingdom. It came into being with the unification of the Kingdom of England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. The new British Army incorporated Regiments that had already existed in England...
's 'Fugglestone Camps' are on both sides of the Bristol
Bristol
Bristol is a city, unitary authority area and ceremonial county in South West England, with an estimated population of 433,100 for the unitary authority in 2009, and a surrounding Larger Urban Zone with an estimated 1,070,000 residents in 2007...
to Weymouth railway line and include Erskine Barracks, HQ Land Forces, on Salisbury Road and The Avenue.
An Ordnance Survey
Ordnance Survey
Ordnance Survey , an executive agency and non-ministerial government department of the Government of the United Kingdom, is the national mapping agency for Great Britain, producing maps of Great Britain , and one of the world's largest producers of maps.The name reflects its creation together with...
benchmark
Benchmark (surveying)
The term bench mark, or benchmark, originates from the chiseled horizontal marks that surveyors made in stone structures, into which an angle-iron could be placed to form a "bench" for a leveling rod, thus ensuring that a leveling rod could be accurately repositioned in the same place in the future...
on a railway bridge still has the designation 'Flush Bracket 63: Fugglestone St Peter'. Fugglestone also has the designated post code SP2
SP postcode area
The SP postcode area, also known as the Salisbury postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Andover, Fordingbridge, Gillingham, Salisbury, Shaftesbury and Tidworth in England.-Coverage:The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:...
.
Fugglestone Red
By the early 21st century, an area of BemertonBemerton
Bemerton, once a separate village to the west of Salisbury, Wiltshire, England, is now virtually a suburb of that city. George Herbert was Rector of Fugglestone with Bemerton and is buried at Bemerton....
had gained the name of 'Fugglestone Red', having been developed on the farm of that name which replaced the Fugglestone Farm acquired by the Army in 1949. Fugglestone Red is seen as a northern suburb of Salisbury, and Wiltshire Council
Wiltshire Council
Wiltshire Council is the unitary authority for most of the county of Wiltshire, in the West of England, the successor authority to Wiltshire County Council and to four districts—Kennet, North Wiltshire, Salisbury, and West Wiltshire—all of which had been created in 1973 and were...
has proposed a major new development there as part of its 'Core Strategy' published in 2009.
List of Rectors
- Walter Curle, 1620 to 1629
- George HerbertGeorge HerbertGeorge Herbert was a Welsh born English poet, orator and Anglican priest.Being born into an artistic and wealthy family, he received a good education that led to his holding prominent positions at Cambridge University and Parliament. As a student at Trinity College, Cambridge, Herbert excelled in...
, 1629 to 1633 - Thomas LaurenceThomas LaurenceThomas Laurence was an English churchman and academic, Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity and expelled Master of Balliol College, Oxford.-Life:...
, mid 17th century - Uriah Bankes, 1660 to 1667
- John Norris, 1692 to 1711
- William Periam, 1744
- Henry Hawes, 1744 - 1759
- John Hawes, 1759 to 1788
- William CoxeWilliam CoxeWilliam Coxe , English historian, son of Dr. William Coxe, Physician to the Royal Household, was born in London. After his father's death his mother Martha married John Christopher Smith, who was Handel's amanuensis ....
, 1788 to 1828 - Charles Eddy, 1828 to 1830
- John Eddy, 1830
External links
- Fugglestone St Peter from A History of the County of WiltshireWiltshire Victoria County HistoryThe Wiltshire Victoria County History is an encyclopaedic history of the county of Wiltshire in England. It forms part of the overall Victoria County History of England founded in 1899 in honour of Queen Victoria...
, Volume 6 (1962) online - Map of Fugglestone St Peter at streetmap.co.uk
- Map of Fugglestone St Peter at travellers-world.info