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Fucales is an order
Order (biology)

In Biological classification used in biology, the order is a taxonomic rank between class and family . The superorder is a rank between class and order....
 in the Phylum
Phylum

A phylum "Phylum" is adopted from the Greek phylai, the clan-based voting groups in Greek city-states. is a taxonomic rank below Kingdom and above Class ....
 Phaeophyta or Brown algae
Brown algae

The Phaeophyceae or brown algae, is a large group of mostly Ocean multicellular algae, including many seaweeds of colder Northern Hemisphere waters....
. Members of this order are fucoids. The list of families (see box at right) in Fucales, as well as additional taxonomic information on algae, is publicly accessible at Algaebase.

The Class Phaeophyceae is included within the Division Heterokontophyta.






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Fucales is an order
Order (biology)

In Biological classification used in biology, the order is a taxonomic rank between class and family . The superorder is a rank between class and order....
 in the Phylum
Phylum

A phylum "Phylum" is adopted from the Greek phylai, the clan-based voting groups in Greek city-states. is a taxonomic rank below Kingdom and above Class ....
 Phaeophyta or Brown algae
Brown algae

The Phaeophyceae or brown algae, is a large group of mostly Ocean multicellular algae, including many seaweeds of colder Northern Hemisphere waters....
. Members of this order are fucoids. The list of families (see box at right) in Fucales, as well as additional taxonomic information on algae, is publicly accessible at Algaebase.

The Class Phaeophyceae is included within the Division Heterokontophyta. This name comes from the Greek word phaios meaning "brown" and phyton meaning plant. They include some of the largest plants in the sea, some however are small and fine in structure.

Classification

The Class Phaeophyceae is divided into the following orders (Hoek, 1995).

  • Ectocarpales


  • Sphacelariales


  • Syringodermatales


  • Dictyotales


  • Scytosiphonales


  • Cutleriales


  • Dictyosiphonales


  • Chordariales


  • Sporochnales


  • Desmarestiales


  • Laminariales


  • Fucales**Fucus
    Fucus

    Fucus is a genus of brown alga in the Class Phaeophyceae to be found in the intertidal zones of rocky shores. It is a common genus found on the Atlantic Ocean coasts of Europe and North America....


  • Durvillaeales


  • Ascoseirales


The Fucales include some of the more common littoral
Littoral

In coastal environments and biomes, the littoral zone extends from the high water mark, which is rarely inundated, to shoreline areas that are permanently submerged....
 seaweed
Seaweed

Seaweed is a loose colloquial term encompassing macroscopic, multicellular, benthos ocean algae. The term includes some members of the rhodophyta, phycophyta and green algae....
s and the members of the order have the typical seaweed construction: a holdfast
Holdfast

A holdfast is a root-like structure that anchors aquatic animal Sessility organisms, such as seaweed, other sessile algae, stalked crinoids, benthic cnidarians, and sponges, to the substrate. ...
, stipe
Stipe (botany)

In botany, a stipe is a stalk that supports some other structure. The precise meaning is different depending on which taxonomic group is being described....
 and lamina
Lamina (algae)

A Lamina in the algae is a generally flattened structure which typically forms the principal bulk of macroscopic plants. It is often developed into specialised organs such as flotation bladders and reproductive organs....
. The lamina is often much branched and may include gas filled bladders. Growth is by division of the apical cells.

They are oogamous where there is fusion between the small male gamete and the large female gamete.

As their general name suggests their pigment
Pigment

A pigment is a material that changes the color of light it Reflection as the result of selective color absorption. This physical process differs from fluorescence, phosphorescence, and other forms of luminescence, in which the material itself emits light....
ation is brown. All species are multicellular. Full details of the characteristics are complex and consist of details of the flagella, shape of the chloroplasts, structure of the cell walls and details of the life-cycle.

Numbers

There are about 1,500 - 2,000 species of brown seaweeds worldwide.

Further reading

  • Fletcher, R.L.1987. Seaweeds of the British Isles. Volume 3 , Part 1. British Museum (Natural History), London. ISBN 0 565 00992 3


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