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Front Range



 
 
The Front Range is a mountain range
Mountain range

A mountain range is a chain of mountains bordered by highlands or separated from other mountains by mountain pass or valleys. Individual mountains within the same mountain range do not necessarily have the same geology, though they often do; they may be a mix of different orogeny, for example volcanoes, uplifted mountains or Fold mountains...
 of the Rocky Mountains
Rocky Mountains

The Rocky Mountains, often called the Rockies, are a mountain range in western North America. The Rocky Mountains stretch more than 4,800 kilometre from the northernmost part of British Columbia, in Canada, to New Mexico, in the United States....
 of North America
North America

North America is the northern continent of the Americas, situated in the Earth's northern hemisphere and almost totally in the western hemisphere....
 that is located in the north-central portion of the U.S. State of Colorado. The Front Range is so named because, moving west along the 40th parallel north
40th parallel north

The 40th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 40 degree true north of the Earth equator.Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 40? north passes through:...
 across the Great Plains
Great Plains

The Great Plains are the broad expanse of prairie and steppe which lie west of the Mississippi River and east of the Rocky Mountains in the United States and Canada....
 of North America, it is the first mountain range encountered.

The name "Front Range" is also applied to the Front Range Urban Corridor
Front Range Urban Corridor

The Front Range Urban Corridor is an oblong region of urban population located along the eastern face of the Rocky Mountains in the U.S. states of Colorado and Wyoming....
, the populated region of Colorado and Wyoming
Wyoming

The State of Wyoming is a sparsely populated U.S. state in the Northwestern United States of the United States. The majority of the state is dominated by the mountain ranges and rangelands of the Rocky Mountains, while the easternmost section of the state is a high altitude prairie region known as the High Plains ....
 just east of the mountain range and extending from Pueblo, Colorado
Pueblo, Colorado

Pueblo is a Colorado municipalities#Home Rule Municipality that is the county seat and the most populous city of Pueblo County, Colorado, Colorado, United States....
, north to Cheyenne, Wyoming
Cheyenne, Wyoming

Cheyenne is the capital of the United States U.S. state of Wyoming. It is the principal city of the Cheyenne, Wyoming Cheyenne Metropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses all of Laramie County, Wyoming....
.






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The Front Range is a mountain range
Mountain range

A mountain range is a chain of mountains bordered by highlands or separated from other mountains by mountain pass or valleys. Individual mountains within the same mountain range do not necessarily have the same geology, though they often do; they may be a mix of different orogeny, for example volcanoes, uplifted mountains or Fold mountains...
 of the Rocky Mountains
Rocky Mountains

The Rocky Mountains, often called the Rockies, are a mountain range in western North America. The Rocky Mountains stretch more than 4,800 kilometre from the northernmost part of British Columbia, in Canada, to New Mexico, in the United States....
 of North America
North America

North America is the northern continent of the Americas, situated in the Earth's northern hemisphere and almost totally in the western hemisphere....
 that is located in the north-central portion of the U.S. State of Colorado. The Front Range is so named because, moving west along the 40th parallel north
40th parallel north

The 40th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 40 degree true north of the Earth equator.Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the parallel 40? north passes through:...
 across the Great Plains
Great Plains

The Great Plains are the broad expanse of prairie and steppe which lie west of the Mississippi River and east of the Rocky Mountains in the United States and Canada....
 of North America, it is the first mountain range encountered.

The name "Front Range" is also applied to the Front Range Urban Corridor
Front Range Urban Corridor

The Front Range Urban Corridor is an oblong region of urban population located along the eastern face of the Rocky Mountains in the U.S. states of Colorado and Wyoming....
, the populated region of Colorado and Wyoming
Wyoming

The State of Wyoming is a sparsely populated U.S. state in the Northwestern United States of the United States. The majority of the state is dominated by the mountain ranges and rangelands of the Rocky Mountains, while the easternmost section of the state is a high altitude prairie region known as the High Plains ....
 just east of the mountain range and extending from Pueblo, Colorado
Pueblo, Colorado

Pueblo is a Colorado municipalities#Home Rule Municipality that is the county seat and the most populous city of Pueblo County, Colorado, Colorado, United States....
, north to Cheyenne, Wyoming
Cheyenne, Wyoming

Cheyenne is the capital of the United States U.S. state of Wyoming. It is the principal city of the Cheyenne, Wyoming Cheyenne Metropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses all of Laramie County, Wyoming....
. This urban corridor is made possible by the weather-moderating effect of the Front Range mountains, which help block prevailing storms.

This setting provides both scenery as the Front Range towers over Denver
Denver, Colorado

Denver is the Capital and the Colorado municipalities of the state of Colorado, in the United States. Denver is a consolidated city-county located in the South Platte River on the High Plains just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains....
 and Boulder
Boulder, Colorado

Boulder is a Colorado municipalities#Home_Rule_Municipality that is the county seat and most populous city of Boulder County, Colorado, Colorado, in the United States....
 and an outdoors hotspot for the people living there who take part in mountain biking, hiking, camping, skiing, and snowboarding during winter. However, millions of years ago the present-day Front Range was home to ancient mountain ranges, deserts, beaches, and even oceans. The evidence for these vastly different landscapes lies in the very rocks the people of Colorado live on. Clues from these rocks have given geologists the necessary tools in unlocking the Front Range’s past.

Pike’s Peak Granite

About 1 billion years ago, the earth was producing mass amounts of molten rock that would one day amalgamate, drift together and combine, to ultimately form the continents we live on today. In the Colorado region, this molten rock spewed and cooled, forming what we now know as the Precambrian
Precambrian

The Precambrian is an informal name for the supereon comprising the eon of the geologic timescale that came before the current Phanerozoic eon....
 Pike’s Peak Granite. Over the next 500 million years, little is known about changes in the sedimentation
Sedimentation

Sedimentation describes the motion of molecules in solutions or particle s in suspension in response to an external force such as gravitation, centrifugal force or electromagnetism....
 (sediment deposition) after the granite was produced. However, at about 500 – 300 million years ago, the region began to sink and sediments began to deposit in the newly formed accommodation space. Eroded granite produced sand particles that began to form strata, layers of sediment, in the sinking basin. Sedimentation would continue to take place until about 300 million years ago.

Fountain formation

Around 300 million years ago, the sinking suddenly reversed, and the sediment-covered granite began to uplift, giving rise to the Ancestral Rocky Mountains. Over the next 150 million years, during uplift the mountains would continue to erode and cover themselves in their own sediment. Wind, gravity, rainwater, snow, and ice-melt supplied rivers that ultimately carved through the granite mountains and eventually led to their end. The sediment from these once gigantic mountains lies in the Fountain Formation
Fountain Formation

The Fountain Formation is a conglomerate sandstone or arkose, red or reddish-gray in color, that is found in various locations in the state of Colorado in the USA, along the east side of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains, along the west edge of the Denver Basin....
 today. Red Rocks Amphitheater outside of Denver, Colorado, is actually set into the Fountain Formation.

Lyons Sandstone

At 280 million years ago, sea levels were low and present-day Colorado was part of the super-continent Pangaea
Pangaea

Pangaea, Pang?a or Pangea was the supercontinent that existed during the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras about 250 million years ago, before the component continents were separated into their current configuration....
. Sand deserts covered most of the area spreading as dunes seen in the rock record, known today as the Lyons Sandstone. These dunes appear to be cross-bedded and show various fossil
Fossil

Fossils are the preserved remains or trace fossil of animals, plants, and other organisms from the remote past. The totality of fossils, both discovered and undiscovered, and their placement in fossiliferous Rock formations and sedimentary rock layers is known as the fossil record....
 footprints and leaf imprints in many of the strata making up the section.

Lykins Formation

30 million years later, the sediment deposition was still taking place with the introduction of the Lykins Formation. This formation can be best attributed to its wavy layers of muddy limestone
Limestone

File:Limestone Formation In Waitomo.jpgLimestone is a sedimentary rock composed largely of the mineral calcite . The deposition of limestone strata is often a by-product and indicator of biological activity in the geology record....
 and signs of stromatolites that thrived in a smelly tidal flat at present-day Colorado. 250 million years ago, the Ancestral Rockies were burying themselves while the shoreline was present during the break-up of Pangaea. This formation began right after Earth’s largest extinction 251 million years ago at the Permian
Permian

The PermianThe term "Permian" was introduced into geology in 1841 by Sir Roderick Murchison, president of the Geological Society of London, who identified typical strata in extensive Russian explorations undertaken with Edouard de Verneuil; Murchison asserted in 1841 that he named his "Permian system" after the ancient kingdom...
-Triassic
Triassic

The Triassic is a geologic period that extends from about 251 to 199 annum . As the first period of the Mesozoic Era, the Triassic follows the Permian and is followed by the Jurassic....
 Boundary. Ninety percent of the planet’s marine life was destroyed and a great deal on land as well.

Morrison Formation

After 100 years of deposition, a new environment brought rise to a new formation, the sandstone Morrison Formation
Morrison Formation

The Morrison Formation is a distinctive sequence of Late Jurassic sedimentary rock that is found in the western United States, which has been the most fertile source of dinosaur fossils in North America....
. The Morrison Formation contains some of the best fossils of the Late Jurassic
Jurassic

The Jurassic is a geologic period that extends from about annum to  Ma, that is, from the end of the Triassic to the beginning of the Cretaceous....
. It is especially known for its sauropod tracks and sauropod bones among other dinosaur fossils. As identified by the fossil record, the environment was filled with various types of vegetation such as fern
Fern

A fern is any one of a group of about 20,000 species of plants classified in the phylum or division Pteridophyta, also known as Filicophyta....
s and zamites. While this time period boasts many types of plants, grass had not yet evolved.

Dakota Sandstone

The Dakota Sandstone
Dakota Sandstone

The Dakota Sandstone is a general term for an ill-defined early Cretaceous formation of the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains. It consists of sandy, shallow-Marine deposits with intermittent mud flat sediments, and occasional stream deposits., It is an important aquifer in some areas of the Great Plains.,It is made of porous sandstone mor...
, which was deposited 100 million years ago towards Colorado’s eastern coast, shows evidence of ferns, and dinosaur tracks. Sheets of ripple marks can be seen on some of the strata, confirming the shallow-sea environment.

Pierre Shale

Over the next 30 million years, the region was finally taken over the by a deep sea, the Cretaceous
Cretaceous

The Cretaceous , usually abbreviated K for its German translation Kreide, is a geologic period from circa to million years ago . In the geologic timescale, the Cretaceous follows on the Jurassic period and is followed by the Paleogene period....
 Western Interior Seaway
Western Interior Seaway

The Western Interior Seaway, also called the Cretaceous Seaway, the Niobraran Sea, and the North American Inland Sea, was a huge inland sea that split the continent of North America into two halves during most of the mid and late Cretaceous Period ....
, and deposited mass amounts of shale over the area known as the Pierre Shale. Both the thick section of shale and the marine life fossils found (ammonite
Ammonite

Ammonites are an Extinction group of marine animals of the Subclass Ammonoidea in the class Cephalopoda, phylum Mollusca. They are excellent index fossils, and it is often possible to link the rock layer in which they are found to specific Geologic time scale....
s and skeletons of fish and such marine reptiles as mosasaur
Mosasaur

Mosasaurs were serpentine marine reptiles. The first fossil remains were discovered in a limestone quarry at Maastricht on the Meuse in 1778. These ferocious marine predators are now considered to be the closest relatives of snakes, due to cladistic analysis of symptomatic similarities in jaw and skull anatomies....
s, plesiosaur
Plesiosaur

Plesiosaurs were carnivore aquatic reptiles. After their discovery, they were somewhat fancifully said to have resembled , although they had no shell....
s, and extinct species of sea turtle
Sea turtle

Sea turtles are turtles found in all the world's oceans except the Arctic Ocean. There are seven living species of sea turtles: Flatback Sea Turtle, Green Sea Turtle, Hawksbill turtle, Kemp's Ridley, leatherback sea turtle, Loggerhead Sea Turtle and Olive Ridley Sea Turtle....
s, along with rare dinosaur
Dinosaur

Dinosaurs were the dominant vertebrate animals of Landform ecosystems for over 160 million years, from the late Triassic Period until the end of the Cretaceous Period , when most of them became extinct in the Cretaceous?Tertiary extinction event....
 and bird remains). Colorado eventually drained from being at the bottom of an ocean to land again, giving yield to another fossiliferous rock layer, the Denver Formation. At about 68 million years ago, the Front Range began to rise again due to the Laramide Orogeny in the west.

Denver Formation

The Denver Formation contained fossils and bones from dinosaurs like Tyrannosaurus rex
Tyrannosaurus

Tyrannosaurus is a genus of theropod dinosaur. The famous species Tyrannosaurus rex , commonly abbreviated to T. rex, is a fixture in popular culture around the world....
 and Triceratops
Triceratops

Triceratops is an extinct genus of herbivore Ceratopsidae dinosaur which lived during the Maastrichtian stage of the Late Cretaceous Period , around 68 to 65 mya in what is now North America....
. While the forests of vegetation, dinosaurs, and other organisms thrived, their reign would come to an end at the K-T Boundary. In an instant, millions of species are obliterated from a meteor impact in Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula
Yucatán Peninsula

The Yucat?n Peninsula, in southeastern Mexico, separates the Caribbean Sea from the Gulf of Mexico, with the northern coastline on the Yucat?n Channel....
. While this extinction lead to the dinosaurs’ and other organisms’ demise, some life did prevail to repopulate the earth as it recovered from this tremendous disaster. The uplifted Front Range continued to constantly erode and, by 40 million years ago, the range was once again buried in its own rubble.

Castle Rock Conglomerate

Suddenly, 37 million years ago, a great volcanic eruption took place in the Collegiate Range and covered the landscape in molten hot ash that instantly torched and consumed everything across the landscape. An entire lush environment was capped in a matter of minutes with 20 feet of extremely resistant rock, rhyolite
Rhyolite

This page is about a volcanic rock. For the ghost town see Rhyolite, Nevada, and for the satellite system, see Rhyolite/Aquacade.Rhyolite is an igneous rock, volcanic rock , of felsic composition ....
. However, as seen before, life rebounds, and after a few million years mass floods cut through the rhyolite and eroded much of it as plants and animals began to recolonize the landscape. The mass flooding and erosion of the volcanic rock gave way to the Castle Rock
Castle Rock, Colorado

The Town of Castle Rock is a Colorado municipalities#Home_Rule_Municipality that is the county seat of Douglas County, Colorado, Colorado, United States....
 Conglomerate that can be found in the Front Range.

Quaternary Deposits

Eventually, at about 10 million years ago, the Front Range began to rise up again and the resistant granite in the heart of the mountains thrust upwards and stood tall, while the weaker sediments deposited above it eroded away. As the Front Range rose, streams and recent (16,000 years ago) glaciations during the Quaternary
Quaternary

The Quaternary Period is the Geologic Time Scale period after the Neogene Period, spanning 1.805 +/- 0.005 million years ago to the present. The Quaternary includes two geologic epochs: the Pleistocene and the Holocene epoch ....
 age literally unburied the range by cutting through the weaker sediment and giving rise to the granitic peaks present today. This was the last step in forming the present-day geologic sequence and history of today’s Front Range.

Prominent peaks

The Front Range includes the highest peaks along the eastern edge of the Rockies. The highest mountain peak in the Front Range is Grays Peak
Grays Peak

Grays Peak is the highest mountain in the Front Range of the Southern Rocky Mountains in the United States Colorado. It is one of 54 fourteeners in Colorado....
. Other notable mountains include Torreys Peak
Torreys Peak

Torreys Peak is a mountain in the Front Range region of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado. It is one of 54 fourteeners in Colorado. Its nearest major city is Denver, Colorado....
, Mount Evans
Mount Evans

Mount Evans is a mountain in the Front Range region of the Rocky Mountains, in Clear Creek County, Colorado. It is one of 54 List of Colorado fourteenerss in Colorado, and the closest fourteener to Denver, Colorado....
, Longs Peak
Longs Peak

Longs Peak is one of the 53 "fourteeners" in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado. It can be prominently seen from Longmont, Colorado, Colorado, as well as from the rest of the Colorado Front Range piedmont....
, Pikes Peak
Pikes Peak

Pikes Peak is a mountain in the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains, west of Colorado Springs, Colorado, in El Paso County, Colorado. It is named for Zebulon Pike, an explorer who led an expedition to the southern Colorado area in 1806....
, and Mount Bierstadt
Mount Bierstadt

Mount Bierstadt is a mountain in the Front Range region of the Rocky Mountains, in Clear Creek County, Colorado. It is one of 54 fourteeners in Colorado....
.

The 20 Mountain Peaks of the Front Range With At Least 500 Meters of Topographic Prominence
Rank
Ranking

A ranking is a relationship between a set of items such that, for any two items, the first is either "ranked higher than", "ranked lower than" or "ranked equal to" the second....
Mountain Peak
Summit (topography)

In topography, a summit is a point on a surface that is higher in elevation than all points immediately adjacent to it. Mathematics, a summit is a local Maxima and minima in elevation....
Subrange
Mountain range

A mountain range is a chain of mountains bordered by highlands or separated from other mountains by mountain pass or valleys. Individual mountains within the same mountain range do not necessarily have the same geology, though they often do; they may be a mix of different orogeny, for example volcanoes, uplifted mountains or Fold mountains...
ElevationProminence
Topographic prominence

In topography, prominence, also known as autonomous height, relative height or shoulder drop or prime factor , is a concept used in the categorization of hills and mountains, also known as peaks....
Isolation
Topographic isolation

The topographic isolation of a summit is the minimum horizontal distance to the nearest point of higher elevation. Topographic isolation represents a radius of dominance in which the summit is the highest point....
1Grays Peak
Grays Peak

Grays Peak is the highest mountain in the Front Range of the Southern Rocky Mountains in the United States Colorado. It is one of 54 fourteeners in Colorado....
 
Front Range4352.000 = 14,278 feet
4352 m
0844.296 = 2,770 feet
844 m
00040.27 = 25.0 miles
40.3 km
2Mount Evans
Mount Evans

Mount Evans is a mountain in the Front Range region of the Rocky Mountains, in Clear Creek County, Colorado. It is one of 54 List of Colorado fourteenerss in Colorado, and the closest fourteener to Denver, Colorado....
 
Front Range4348.000 = 14,265 feet
4348 m
0843.991 = 2,769 feet
844 m
00015.76 = 9.8 miles
15.8 km
3Longs Peak
Longs Peak

Longs Peak is one of the 53 "fourteeners" in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado. It can be prominently seen from Longmont, Colorado, Colorado, as well as from the rest of the Colorado Front Range piedmont....
 
Front Range4346.000 = 14,259 feet
4346 m
0896.112 = 2,940 feet
896 m
00070.19 = 43.6 miles
70.2 km
4Pikes Peak
Pikes Peak

Pikes Peak is a mountain in the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains, west of Colorado Springs, Colorado, in El Paso County, Colorado. It is named for Zebulon Pike, an explorer who led an expedition to the southern Colorado area in 1806....
 
Pikes Peak Massif4302.310 = 14,115 feet
4302 m
1685.544 = 5,530 feet
1686 m
00097.82 = 60.8 miles
97.8 km
5Mount Silverheels
Mount Silverheels

Mount Silverheels is a mountain in Colorado, one of the 637 peaks above in elevation in the state . It is located in the Mosquito Range in Park County, Colorado between Breckenridge and Fairplay, Colorado, within the Pike National Forest....
 
Front Range4215.000 = 13,829 feet
4215 m
0695.858 = 2,283 feet
696 m
00008.82 = 5.5 miles
8.8 km
6Bald Mountain Front Range4172.805 = 13,690 feet
4173 m
0639.775 = 2,099 feet
640 m
00012.09 = 7.5 miles
12.1 km
7Bard Peak Front Range4159.484 = 13,647 feet
4159 m
0518.465 = 1,701 feet
518 m
00008.74 = 5.4 miles
8.7 km
8Hagues Peak Mummy Range
Mummy Range

The Mummy Range is a mountain range in the Rocky Mountains of northern Colorado in the United States. The range is a short subrange of the Front Range located in southwestern Larimer County, Colorado northwest of the town of Estes Park, Colorado....
4137.000 = 13,573 feet
4137 m
0737.616 = 2,420 feet
738 m
00025.62 = 15.9 miles
25.6 km
9North Arapaho Peak
North Arapaho Peak

North Arapaho Peak is a mountain on the Continental Divide in Colorado, one of the 637 peaks above in elevation in the state . It is located in the Indian Peaks area of the Front Range in Boulder County, Colorado, within the Indian Peaks Wilderness Area of Arapaho National Forest and Roosevelt National Forests....
 
Indian Peaks 4117.172 = 13,508 feet
4117 m
0507.492 = 1,665 feet
507 m
00024.78 = 15.4 miles
24.8 km
10Parry Peak
Parry Peak

Parry Peak is a mountain in the Rocky Mountains, about 80 km west of Denver, Colorado. The name honors Charles Christopher Parry, a botanist who made extensive studies of the Colorado mountain flora in the 1860s....
Front Range4083.340 = 13,397 feet
4083 m
0527.609 = 1,731 feet
528 m
00015.22 = 9.5 miles
15.2 km
11Mount Richthofen Front Range3945.770 = 12,945 feet
3946 m
0816.864 = 2,680 feet
817 m
00015.54 = 9.7 miles
15.5 km
12Specimen Mountain Front Range3808.261 = 12,494 feet
3808 m
0527.609 = 1,731 feet
528 m
00007.82 = 4.9 miles
7.8 km
13Bison Peak Tarryall Mountains 3789.400 = 12,432 feet
3789 m
0747.065 = 2,451 feet
747 m
00030.80 = 19.1 miles
30.8 km
14Waugh Mountain South Park Hills 3570.910 = 11,716 feet
3571 m
0710.184 = 2,330 feet
710 m
00032.22 = 20.0 miles
32.2 km
15Black Mountain South Park Hills 3550.500 = 11,649 feet
3551 m
0680.923 = 2,234 feet
681 m
00012.92 = 8.0 miles
12.9 km
16Williams Peak South Williams Fork Mountains 3541.800 = 11,620 feet
3542 m
0624.535 = 2,049 feet
625 m
00017.37 = 10.8 miles
17.4 km
17Puma Peak South Park Hills 3528.049 = 11,575 feet
3528 m
0688.848 = 2,260 feet
689 m
00011.97 = 7.4 miles
12.0 km
18Thirtynine Mile Mountain South Park Hills 3521.414 = 11,553 feet
3521 m
0636.422 = 2,088 feet
636 m
00017.08 = 10.6 miles
17.1 km
19Twin Sisters Peaks
Twin Sisters Peaks

The Twin Sisters Peaks are mountains in Colorado, located in the Front Range in Larimer County, Colorado, straddling Rocky Mountain National Park and Roosevelt National Forest....
 
Front Range3484.642 = 11,433 feet
3485 m
0709.574 = 2,328 feet
710 m
00007.01 = 4.4 miles
7.0 km
20Green Mountain Kenosha Mountains 3178.300 = 10,427 feet
3178 m
0566.623 = 1,859 feet
567 m
00006.72 = 4.2 miles
6.7 km

See also

  • Eldorado Canyon State Park
    Eldorado Canyon State Park

    Eldorado Canyon State Park is part of the Colorado State Park system. It is located in Boulder County, Colorado near the city of Boulder, Colorado....
  • Flatirons
    Flatirons

    The Flatirons are rock formations near Boulder, Colorado. There are five large, numbered Flatirons ranging from north to south along the east slope of Green Mountain, and the term "The Flatirons" sometimes refers to these five alone....
  • Front Range Urban Corridor
    Front Range Urban Corridor

    The Front Range Urban Corridor is an oblong region of urban population located along the eastern face of the Rocky Mountains in the U.S. states of Colorado and Wyoming....
  • Garden of the Gods
    Garden of the Gods

    Garden of the Gods is a public park located in Colorado Springs, Colorado, Colorado, USA....
  • Geography of Colorado
    Geography of Colorado

    The geography of the Colorado is unusually diverse, encompassing both rugged mountainous terrain and vast plains. The State of Colorado is defined as the geospherical rectangle that stretches from 37th parallel north to 41st parallel north latitude and from 25th meridian west from Washington to 32nd meridian west from Washington longitude ....
  • Mountain peaks of Colorado
    Mountain peaks of Colorado

    This article comprises three sortable tables of major mountain peaks of the U.S. State of Colorado.Topographic elevation is the vertical distance above the reference geoid, a precise mathematical model of the Earth sea level as an equipotential gravitational surface....
  • Mountain ranges of Colorado
    Mountain ranges of Colorado

    The following table lists the major mountain ranges of the U.S. State of Colorado....
  • Mummy Range
    Mummy Range

    The Mummy Range is a mountain range in the Rocky Mountains of northern Colorado in the United States. The range is a short subrange of the Front Range located in southwestern Larimer County, Colorado northwest of the town of Estes Park, Colorado....
  • Never Summer Mountains
    Never Summer Mountains

    The Never Summer Mountains are a mountain range in the Rocky Mountains in north central Colorado in the United States. The range is located along the northwest border of Rocky Mountain National Park, forming the continental divide between the headwaters of the Colorado River in Rocky Mountain National Park to the east and the upper basin o...
  • Palmer Divide
    Palmer Divide

    The Palmer Divide is a ridge in central Colorado that separates the Arkansas River basin from the Missouri River basin. It extends from the Front Range of the Rockies in central Colorado, eastward toward the city of Limon....
  • Pikes Peak Massif
  • Red Rocks Park
    Red Rocks Park

    Red Rocks Park is a mountain park in Jefferson County, Colorado, owned and maintained by the city of Denver as part of the Denver Mountain Parks system....
  • Roxborough State Park
    Roxborough State Park

    Roxborough State Park is a Colorado state park located in Douglas County, Colorado. The park is southwest of Denver, about 15 miles south of the city of Littleton, Colorado....
  • Southern Rocky Mountains
    Southern Rocky Mountains

    The Southern Rocky Mountains are a major subregion of the Rocky Mountains of North America located in the southern portion of the U.S. state of Wyoming, the central and western portions of Colorado, the northern portion of New Mexico, and extreme eastern portions of Utah....
  • State of Colorado


Further reading

  • Fishman, N.S. et al. (2005). Principal areas of oil, natural gas, and coal production in the northern part of the Front Range, Colorado [Geologic Investigations Series I-2750-B]. Reston, VA: U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey.
  • Sprague, L.A., R.E. Zuellig, and J.A. Dupree. (2006). Effects of urban development on stream ecosystems along the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains, Colorado and Wyoming [USGS Fact Sheet 2006-3083]. Reston, VA: U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey.


External links