Frederick E. Grine
Encyclopedia
Frederick E. Grine is an American paleoanthropologist. He is a Professor of anthropology
and anatomical sciences at the State University of New York at Stony Brook
.
He received his bachelors's degree from Washington & Jefferson College
, and his Ph.D at the University of the Witwatersrand
, South Africa in 1984.
His research focuses on the hominin fossil record, during the Pliocene
and early Pleistocene
and the reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships through dental morphology. His most important work has been the analysis of dental microwear in order to reconstruct early hominin dietary habits.
Dr. Grine is a major proponent in the argument that species of robust australopithecine should be given their own genus
name, Paranthropus. He also argues that the genus Australopithecus is paraphyletic which would require a new taxonomic designation for specimens included under Australopithecus afarensis to Praeanthropus africanus.
He is the editor of Evolutionary History of the Robust Australopithecines (Transaction Publishers, ISBN 0202361373) and co-editor of Primate Phylogeny (Academic Press, ISBN 0123039606). He is also author of the widely used anatomical textbook Regional Human Anatomy: a Laboratory Workbook for Use With Models And Prosections (McGraw-Hill College, ISBN 0072438886). In addition to this, Dr. Grine has published well over 100 scientific research articles.
He is also known for his work in leading the team that dated the Hofmeyr Skull
, discovered in 1952 near the town of Hofmeyr
, in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, to 36,000 years before present. This skull probably represents the population ancestral to most modern living humans,.
Anthropology
Anthropology is the study of humanity. It has origins in the humanities, the natural sciences, and the social sciences. The term "anthropology" is from the Greek anthrōpos , "man", understood to mean mankind or humanity, and -logia , "discourse" or "study", and was first used in 1501 by German...
and anatomical sciences at the State University of New York at Stony Brook
State University of New York at Stony Brook
The State University of New York at Stony Brook, also known as Stony Brook University, is a public research university located in Stony Brook, New York, on the North Shore of Long Island, about east of Manhattan....
.
He received his bachelors's degree from Washington & Jefferson College
Washington & Jefferson College
Washington & Jefferson College, also known as W & J College or W&J, is a private liberal arts college in Washington, Pennsylvania, in the United States, which is south of Pittsburgh...
, and his Ph.D at the University of the Witwatersrand
University of the Witwatersrand
The University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg is a South African university situated in the northern areas of central Johannesburg. It is more commonly known as Wits University...
, South Africa in 1984.
His research focuses on the hominin fossil record, during the Pliocene
Pliocene
The Pliocene Epoch is the period in the geologic timescale that extends from 5.332 million to 2.588 million years before present. It is the second and youngest epoch of the Neogene Period in the Cenozoic Era. The Pliocene follows the Miocene Epoch and is followed by the Pleistocene Epoch...
and early Pleistocene
Pleistocene
The Pleistocene is the epoch from 2,588,000 to 11,700 years BP that spans the world's recent period of repeated glaciations. The name pleistocene is derived from the Greek and ....
and the reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships through dental morphology. His most important work has been the analysis of dental microwear in order to reconstruct early hominin dietary habits.
Dr. Grine is a major proponent in the argument that species of robust australopithecine should be given their own genus
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
name, Paranthropus. He also argues that the genus Australopithecus is paraphyletic which would require a new taxonomic designation for specimens included under Australopithecus afarensis to Praeanthropus africanus.
He is the editor of Evolutionary History of the Robust Australopithecines (Transaction Publishers, ISBN 0202361373) and co-editor of Primate Phylogeny (Academic Press, ISBN 0123039606). He is also author of the widely used anatomical textbook Regional Human Anatomy: a Laboratory Workbook for Use With Models And Prosections (McGraw-Hill College, ISBN 0072438886). In addition to this, Dr. Grine has published well over 100 scientific research articles.
He is also known for his work in leading the team that dated the Hofmeyr Skull
Hofmeyr Skull
The Hofmeyr Skull is a specimen of a 37,000 year old human skull found in 1952. It is one of the very few modern human skulls discovered in Africa south of Ethiopia and older than 20,000 years.-Background:...
, discovered in 1952 near the town of Hofmeyr
Hofmeyr
Hofmeyr is a small Karoo town in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, 20 km west of the Bamboesberg mountain range. It lies 64 km north-east of Cradock at an altitude of 1252 metres with a population of fewer than 2000...
, in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, to 36,000 years before present. This skull probably represents the population ancestral to most modern living humans,.