François Hollande
Encyclopedia
François Gérard Georges Hollande (fʁɑ̃swa ɔlɑ̃d; born 12 August 1954) is a French politician
Politician
A politician, political leader, or political figure is an individual who is involved in influencing public policy and decision making...

. From 1997 to 2008, he was the First Secretary of the French Socialist Party. He has also served as a Deputy
Chamber of Deputies
Chamber of deputies is the name given to a legislative body such as the lower house of a bicameral legislature, or can refer to a unicameral legislature.-Description:...

 of the National Assembly of France, representing the first constituency of Corrèze
Corrèze
Corrèze is a department in south central France, named after the Corrèze River.The inhabitants of the department are called Corréziens or Corréziennes according to gender.-History:...

, since 1997. He previously represented that seat from 1988 to 1993. He was the Mayor of
Mayor
In many countries, a Mayor is the highest ranking officer in the municipal government of a town or a large urban city....

 Tulle
Tulle
Tulle is a commune and capital of the Corrèze department in the Limousin region in central France. It is also the episcopal see of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tulle...

 from 2001 to 2008 and has been the President
President
A president is a leader of an organization, company, trade union, university, or country.Etymologically, a president is one who presides, who sits in leadership...

 of the General Council of Corrèze
Corrèze
Corrèze is a department in south central France, named after the Corrèze River.The inhabitants of the department are called Corréziens or Corréziennes according to gender.-History:...

 since 2008.

On 16 October 2011, Hollande was nominated as the Socialist
Socialist Party (France)
The Socialist Party is a social-democratic political party in France and the largest party of the French centre-left. It is one of the two major contemporary political parties in France, along with the center-right Union for a Popular Movement...

 candidate in France's 2012 presidential election
French presidential election, 2012
The 2012 French presidential election is the next presidential election, to be held on 22 April and 6 May 2012, the latter being used for a run-off if necessary...

; his main opponent is expected to be the incumbent Nicolas Sarkozy
Nicolas Sarkozy
Nicolas Sarkozy is the 23rd and current President of the French Republic and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra. He assumed the office on 16 May 2007 after defeating the Socialist Party candidate Ségolène Royal 10 days earlier....

.

Early life and education

Hollande was born in Rouen
Rouen
Rouen , in northern France on the River Seine, is the capital of the Haute-Normandie region and the historic capital city of Normandy. Once one of the largest and most prosperous cities of medieval Europe , it was the seat of the Exchequer of Normandy in the Middle Ages...

, Seine-Maritime
Seine-Maritime
Seine-Maritime is a French department in the Haute-Normandie region in northern France. It is situated on the northern coast of France, at the mouth of the Seine, and includes the cities of Rouen and Le Havre...

, the son of Nicole (Tribert), a social worker, and Georges Hollande, an ear, nose, and throat doctor. He is a graduate of HEC (École des Hautes Études Commerciales de Paris), Institut d'Études Politiques de Paris (Sciences Po) and ENA
École nationale d'administration
The École Nationale d'Administration , one of the most prestigious of French graduate schools , was created in 1945 by Charles de Gaulle to democratise access to the senior civil service. It is now entrusted with the selection and initial training of senior French officials...

 (École Nationale d'Administration). He worked as a councillor in the Court of Accounts
Cour des Comptes
The Court of Audit is a quasi-judicial body of the French government charged with conducting financial and legislative audits of most public institutions and some private institutions, including the central Government, national public corporations, social security agencies , and public services...

.

Political career

In 2004, he supported the "yes" position in the French referendum on the European Constitution, thus opposing the party's number two leader, Laurent Fabius
Laurent Fabius
Laurent Fabius is a French Socialist politician. He served as Prime Minister from 17 July 1984 to 20 March 1986. He was 37 years old when he was appointed and is, so far, the youngest Prime Minister of the Fifth Republic.-Early life:...

. Hollande organised an internal vote on the party's position on 1 December 2004, in which representatives voted by a 59% margin for the 'yes' position; the constitution was eventually defeated by the French public in May 2005.

Hollande won the Socialist Party's primary election
French Socialist Party presidential primary, 2011
The 2011 French Socialist Party presidential primary was the first open primary of the French Socialist Party and Radical Party of the Left for selecting their candidate for the 2012 presidential election. The filing deadline for primary nomination papers was fixed at 13 July 2011 and six...

 on October 16, 2011, and became his party's official nomination for the 2012 presidential election
French presidential election, 2012
The 2012 French presidential election is the next presidential election, to be held on 22 April and 6 May 2012, the latter being used for a run-off if necessary...

. After the primary, he gained the political support of the other contenders for the party's nomination, including Martine Aubry
Martine Aubry
Martine Aubry is a French politician. She has been the First Secretary of the French Socialist Party since November 2008 and Mayor of Lille since March 2001...

, Arnaud Montebourg
Arnaud Montebourg
Arnaud Montebourg is a French politician, and a deputy of the fifth district of Saône-et-Loire to the French National Assembly for the Socialist Party. He has also been elected president of the local assembly of Saône et Loire after local elections in 2008...

, also his previous partner and 2007 presidential candidate Ségolène Royal
Ségolène Royal
Marie-Ségolène Royal , known as Ségolène Royal, is a French politician. She is the president of the Poitou-Charentes Regional Council, a former member of the National Assembly, a former government minister, and a prominent member of the French Socialist Party...

.

Personal life

His partner was Ségolène Royal
Ségolène Royal
Marie-Ségolène Royal , known as Ségolène Royal, is a French politician. She is the president of the Poitou-Charentes Regional Council, a former member of the National Assembly, a former government minister, and a prominent member of the French Socialist Party...

, with whom he has four children - Thomas (1984), Clémence (1985), Julien (1987) and Flora (1992). In June 2007, just a month after Royal's defeat in the French presidential election of 2007, the couple announced that they were separating.

Shortly after his split from Ségolène Royal was announced, the French website lepolitique.com published details of a relationship between Hollande and a French journalist, Valérie Trierweiler
Valérie Trierweiler
Valérie Massonneau, divorced name Trierweiler, is a French political journalist, born on in Angers.She is the partner of François Hollande, president of the general council of Corrèze and socialist candidate of the 2012 French presidential election....

. Many considered this to be a breach of France's strict stance on politicians' personal privacy. In November 2007, Valérie Trierweiler discussed openly her relationship with Hollande in an interview with French weekly Télé 7 Jours
Télé 7 Jours
Télé 7 Jours is a French weekly magazine published by Hachette Filipacchi Médias. It publishes news and materials relating to French radio and television programming.-History:...

.

Official positions

  • Elected positions
    • European Parliament
      • Member of European Parliament
        European Parliament
        The European Parliament is the directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union . Together with the Council of the European Union and the Commission, it exercises the legislative function of the EU and it has been described as one of the most powerful legislatures in the world...

         : July-December 1999 (Resignation).
    • National Assembly of France
      • Member of the National Assembly of France for Corrèze
        Corrèze
        Corrèze is a department in south central France, named after the Corrèze River.The inhabitants of the department are called Corréziens or Corréziennes according to gender.-History:...

         : 1988-1993 / And since 1997. Elected in 1988, reelected in 1997, 2002, 2007.
    • Regional Council
      • Vice-president of the Regional Council of Limousin
        Limousin (région)
        Limousin is one of the 27 regions of France. It is composed of three départements: Corrèze, Creuse and the Haute-Vienne.Situated largely in the Massif Central, as of January 1st 2008, the Limousin comprised 740,743 inhabitants on nearly 17 000 km2, making it the second least populated region of...

         : 1998-2001 (Resignation).
      • Regional councillor of Limousin
        Limousin (région)
        Limousin is one of the 27 regions of France. It is composed of three départements: Corrèze, Creuse and the Haute-Vienne.Situated largely in the Massif Central, as of January 1st 2008, the Limousin comprised 740,743 inhabitants on nearly 17 000 km2, making it the second least populated region of...

         : 1998-2001 (Resignation).
    • General Council
      • President of the General Council of Corrèze
        Corrèze
        Corrèze is a department in south central France, named after the Corrèze River.The inhabitants of the department are called Corréziens or Corréziennes according to gender.-History:...

         : Since 2008.
      • General councillor of Corrèze
        Corrèze
        Corrèze is a department in south central France, named after the Corrèze River.The inhabitants of the department are called Corréziens or Corréziennes according to gender.-History:...

         : Since 2008.
    • Municipal Council
      • Mayor of Tulle
        Tulle
        Tulle is a commune and capital of the Corrèze department in the Limousin region in central France. It is also the episcopal see of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tulle...

         : 2001-2008.
      • Deputy-mayor of Tulle
        Tulle
        Tulle is a commune and capital of the Corrèze department in the Limousin region in central France. It is also the episcopal see of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tulle...

         : 1989-1995.
      • Municipal councillor of Tulle
        Tulle
        Tulle is a commune and capital of the Corrèze department in the Limousin region in central France. It is also the episcopal see of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tulle...

         : 1989-2008. Reelected in 1995, 2001.
      • Municipal councillor of Ussel, Corrèze
        Ussel, Corrèze
        Ussel is a commune in the Corrèze department in central France. Its inhabitants are named Ussellois. The town is best known for its charming old streetscapes and for its pastoral and natural landscapes offering a perfect setting for green alternative vacations.-Location:The community of Ussel is...

         : 1983-1989.
  • Political functions
      • First Secretary (leader) of the Socialist Party
        Socialist Party (France)
        The Socialist Party is a social-democratic political party in France and the largest party of the French centre-left. It is one of the two major contemporary political parties in France, along with the center-right Union for a Popular Movement...

         : 1997-2008. Reelected in 2000, 2003, 2005.

External links

Official page at the French National Assembly Official page at the Socialist Party Le Politique
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