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A national myth is an inspiring narrative or anecdote
Anecdote

An anecdote is a short Narrative narrating an interesting or amusing biographical incident. It may be as brief as the setting and provocation of a List of French phrases#B....
 about a nation's past. Such myths often serve as an important national symbol and affirm a set of national values. A national myth may sometimes take the form of a 'national epic
National epic

A national epic is an epic poetry or a literary work of epic scope which seeks or is believed to capture and express the essence or spirit of a particular nation; not necessarily a nation-state, but at least an ethnic or linguistic group with aspirations to independence or Wiktionary:autonomy....
'. A considerable amount of related material is at civil religion
Civil religion

The intended meaning of the term civil religion often varies according to whether one is a sociologist of religion or a professional political commentator....
.

A 'national myth' may be a legend or fictionalized narrative, but have been elevated to a serious mythological
Mythology

The word mythology refers to a body of folklore/myths/legends that a particular culture believes to be true and that often use the supernatural to interpret natural events and to explain the nature of the universe and humanity....
, symbolical and esteemed levels to be true by the nation (Renan 1882).






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A national myth is an inspiring narrative or anecdote
Anecdote

An anecdote is a short Narrative narrating an interesting or amusing biographical incident. It may be as brief as the setting and provocation of a List of French phrases#B....
 about a nation's past. Such myths often serve as an important national symbol and affirm a set of national values. A national myth may sometimes take the form of a 'national epic
National epic

A national epic is an epic poetry or a literary work of epic scope which seeks or is believed to capture and express the essence or spirit of a particular nation; not necessarily a nation-state, but at least an ethnic or linguistic group with aspirations to independence or Wiktionary:autonomy....
'. A considerable amount of related material is at civil religion
Civil religion

The intended meaning of the term civil religion often varies according to whether one is a sociologist of religion or a professional political commentator....
.

A 'national myth' may be a legend or fictionalized narrative, but have been elevated to a serious mythological
Mythology

The word mythology refers to a body of folklore/myths/legends that a particular culture believes to be true and that often use the supernatural to interpret natural events and to explain the nature of the universe and humanity....
, symbolical and esteemed levels to be true by the nation (Renan 1882). It might simply over-dramatize true incidents, omit important historical details, or add details for which there is no evidence; or it might simply be a fictional story that no one takes to be true literally (see Abizadeh 2004), but contains a symbolic meaning for the nation. The national folklore of many nations includes a "founding myth
Founding myth

A national myth is an inspiring narrative or anecdote about a nation's past. Such myths often serve as an important national symbol and affirm a set of national values....
", which may involve a struggle against colonialism
Colonialism

Colonialism is the extension of a nation's sovereignty over Territory beyond its borders by the establishment of either settler or exploitation colony in which Indigenous people populations are direct rule, Population transfers, or Genocide....
 or a war of independence
War of Independence

The term War of Independence is generally used to describe a war occurring over a Territory that has Declaration of independence independence. Once the state that previously held the territory sends in military forces to assert its sovereignty or the native population clashes with the former occupier, a separatist rebellion has begun....
. In some cases, the meaning of the national myth may become disputed among different parts of the population.

In some places, the national myth may be spiritual
Spirituality

Spirituality, in a narrow sense, concerns itself with matters of the spirit, a concept closely tied to religion and faith, transcendence , or one or more Deity....
 in tone, and refer to stories of the nation's founding at the hands of God
God

God is a deity in theism and deism religions and other belief systems, representing either the sole deity in monotheism, or a principal deity in polytheism....
, god
God

God is a deity in theism and deism religions and other belief systems, representing either the sole deity in monotheism, or a principal deity in polytheism....
s, leaders favored by gods, and other supernatural beings.

National myths serve many social and political purposes. In totalitarian dictatorship
Dictatorship

A dictatorship is usually defined as an Autocracy form of government in which the government is ruled by an individual, the dictator, without hereditary ascension....
s, national myths often exist only for the purpose of state-sponsored propaganda
Propaganda

Propaganda is the dissemination of information aimed at influencing the opinions or behaviors of large numbers of people. As opposed to Objectivity providing information, propaganda in its most basic sense presents information in order to influence its audience....
. The leader might be given, for example, a mythical supernatural life history in order to make himself or herself seem god-like and supra-powerful (see also cult of personality
Cult of personality

A cult of personality or personality cult arises when a country's leader uses mass media to create a heroic public image through unquestioning flattery and praise....
). However national myths exist in every society, in liberal regimes they can serve the purpose of inspiring civic virtue and self-sacrifice (see Miller 1995), or shoring up the power of dominant groups and legitimating their rule.

List

see also :Category:Nationalism by country or region


  • Albania
    Albania

    Albania , officially the Republic of Albania , is a country in Balkans. It is bordered by Greece to the south-east, Montenegro to the north, Kosovo to the northeast, and the Republic of Macedonia to the east....
     / Albanians
    Albanians

    The Albanian people , from southeast Europe, live in Albania and neighbouring countries and speak the Albanian language. About half of Albanians live in Albania, with other large groups residing in Kosovo, the Republic of Macedonia, Serbia, and Montenegro....
    : Skanderbeg
    Skanderbeg

    Gjergj Kastrioti Skanderbeg , or Iskander Beg, was a prominent historical figure in the history of Albania and of the Albanian people. Known as the Dragon of Albania he is the national hero of the Albanians and initially through the work of his main biographer, Marin Barleti, is remembered for his struggle against the Ottoman Empire,...
     (historical leader)
  • Armenia
    Armenia

    Armenia , officially the Republic of Armenia , is a landlocked mountainous country in South Caucasus between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea....
    : Hayk, Urartu
    Urartu

    Urartu was an Iron Age kingdom in Eastern Anatolia , rising to power in the mid 9th century BC, and finally conquered by Median Empire in the early 6th century BC....
  • Belgium
    Belgium

    * A small German-speaking Community of Belgium exists in eastern Wallonia. Belgium's linguistic diversity and related political and cultural conflicts are reflected in the history of Belgium and a complex Communities and regions of Belgium....
    : Battle of the Golden Spurs
    Battle of the Golden Spurs

    The Battle of the Golden Spurs was fought on July 11, 1302, near Kortrijk in Flanders. The date of the battle is the official celebration day of the Flemish community in Belgium....
  • Croatia
    Croatia

    Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a Central European country at the crossroads of Pannonian Plain, Balkans, and the Mediterranean Sea....
    : Illyrian movement
    Illyrian movement

    Illyrian movement , also Croatian national revival , was a cultural and political campaign initiated by a group of young Croatian intellectuals during the first half of 19th century, around the years of 1835-1849 ....
  • China
    China

    China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
    : Yellow Emperor
    Yellow Emperor

    Huang-di, or the Yellow Emperor, is a legendary Chinese sovereign and culture hero who is considered in Chinese mythology to be the ancestor of all Han Chinese....
    , Zhonghua Minzu
    Zhonghua minzu

    Zhonghua minzu , usually translated as Chinese ethnic group or Chinese nation, refers to the modern notion of a Chinese nationality transcending ethnic divisions, with a central identity to China as a whole....
    • People's Republic of China
      People's Republic of China

      The People's Republic of China , commonly known as China, is the largest country in East Asia and the List of countries by population in the world with over 1.3 billion people, approximately a fifth of the world's population....
      : the Long March
    • Taiwan
      Taiwan

      Taiwan is an island in East Asia. "Taiwan" is also commonly used to refer to the country governed by the Republic of China and to the ROC itself, which governs the island of Taiwan, Orchid Island and Green Island, Taiwan in the Pacific Ocean off the Taiwan coast, the Penghu islands in the Taiwan Strait, and Kinmen and the Matsu Islands...
      : Wuchang Uprising
      Wuchang Uprising

      The Wuchang Uprising of October 10 1911 started the Xinhai Revolution, which led to the collapse of the Qing Dynasty and the establishment of the Republic of China ....
       , 228 Incident
      228 Incident

      The 228 Incident, also known as the 228 Massacre, was an anti-government uprising in Taiwan that began on 1947-02-27 and was violently suppressed by the Kuomintang government....
  • Estonia
    Estonia

    Estonia , officially the Republic of Estonia is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by Finland across the Gulf of Finland, to the west by Sweden across the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia , and to the east by the Russia ....
    : Kalevipoeg
    Kalevipoeg

    Kalevipoeg is an Epic poetry by Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald held to be the Estonian national epic....
     (epic poem)
  • Ethiopia
    Ethiopia

    Ethiopia , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country situated in the Horn of Africa. Ethiopia is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Sudan to the west, Kenya to the south, Somalia to the east and Djibouti to the northeast....
    : Kebra Nagast
    Kebra Nagast

    The Kebra Nagast , or the Book of the Glory of Kings, is an account written in Ge'ez of the origins of the Solomonic dynasty of the Emperor of Ethiopia of Ethiopia....
  • Finland
    Finland

    Finland , officially the Republic of Finland , is a Nordic countries situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. It borders Sweden on the west, Russia on the east, and Norway on the north, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland....
    : Kalevala
    Kalevala

    The Kalevala is a book and Epic poetry which the Elias L?nnrot compiled from Finnish people and Karelian folklore in the nineteenth century....
     (national epic)
  • France
    France

    France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
    : Vercingétorix
    Vercingetorix

    Vercingetorix , born around 82 BC, died 46 BC, was tribal chief of the Arverni, originating from the Arvernian city of Gergovia and known as the man who led the Gauls in their ultimately unsuccessful war against Roman republic rule under Julius Caesar....
    , the Matter of France
    Matter of France

    The Matter of France, also known as the Carolingian cycle, is a body of legendary history that springs from the Old French medieval literature of the chanson de geste....
    , the French Revolution
    French Revolution

    The French Revolution was a period of political and social upheaval and radical change in the history of France, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudalism for the aristocracy and Roman Catholic Church clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on Age of Enlightenment principles of cit...
  • Germany
    Germany

    Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
    : the Battle of Teutoburg Forest, the Battle of Lechfeld
    Battle of Lechfeld

    The Battle of Lechfeld , often seen as the defining event for holding off the incursions of the Magyars into Western Europe, was a decisive victory by Otto I the Great, King of the Germans, over the Magyar leaders, the horka Bulcs? and the chieftains L?l and S?r....
    • East Germany: the Liberation of Germany
      Battle of Berlin

      The Battle of Berlin was the final Strategic offensive of the European Theatre of World War II of World War II and was designated the Berlin Strategic Offensive Operation by the Soviet Union.The last offensive of the European war was the Prague Offensive on 6?11 May 1945, when the Red Army, with the help of Poland, Romanian, and...
      , the International Brigades
      International Brigades

      The International Brigades were Second Spanish Republic military units in the Spanish Civil War, formed of many non-state sponsored volunteers of different countries who traveled to Spain, to fight for the republic in the Spanish Civil War between 1936 and 1939....
       in the Spanish Civil War
      Spanish Civil War

      The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict in Spain that started after an attempted coup d'?tat by a group of Spanish Army generals, supported by the conservative Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right , Carlist groups and the fascistic Falange, against the government of the Second Spanish Republic, then under the leadership of pr...
      ,
    • Federal Republic of Germany: German Resistance
      German Resistance

      File:Gedenkkranz im Bendler-Block.jpg The German Resistance was the opposition by individuals and groups in Nazi Germany to the regime of Adolf Hitler between 1933 and 1945....
  • Greece
    Greece

    Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....
    : Battle of Thermopylae
    Battle of Thermopylae

    The Battle of Thermopylae [th?r m?pp?lee] took place over three days during the second Persian invasion of Greece. It took place simultaneously with the naval battle at Battle of Artemisium, in August or September 480 BC, at the pass of Thermopylae ....
    , Age of Pericles
    Age of Pericles

    The Golden Age is the term used to denote the historical period in Ancient Greece lasting roughly from the end of the Persian Wars in 448 BC to either the death of Pericles 429 BC or the end of the Peloponnesian War in 404 BC....
    , Alexander the Great
    Alexander the Great

    Alexander the Great , also known as Alexander III of Macedon was an ancient Greeks King of Macedon . He was one of the most successful military commanders of all time and is presumed undefeated in battle....
    , Hellenistic civilization
    Hellenistic civilization

    File:Diadochen1.pngHellenistic civilization represents the zenith of Ancient Greece influence in the Classical Antiquity from 323 BC to about 146 BC ....
  • Hungary
    Hungary

    Hungary , officially in English the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia....
    : the Magyar tribes
    Magyar tribes

    The Magyar tribes were the fundamental political units whose framework the Hungarian people lived within, until they settled down in the Pannonian Basin....
    , Árpád
    Árpád

    ?rp?d , the second Grand Prince of the Magyars . Under his rule the Hungarian people people settled in the Carpathian basin. The ?rp?d dynasty ruled the Magyar tribes and later the Kingdom of Hungary until 1301....
    , Saint Stephen
    Stephen I of Hungary

    Saint Stephen I was Grand Prince of the Hungarians and the first King of Hungary . He greatly expanded Hungarian control over the Carpathian Basin during his lifetime, broadly established Christianity in the region, and he is generally considered to be the founder of the Kingdom of Hungary....
    , Saint Ladislaus
    Ladislaus I of Hungary

    Saint Ladislaus I or Saint Ladislas I , King of Hungary . Ladislaus is one of the most respected kings of Kingdom of Hungary. Before his ascension to the throne, he was the main advisor of his brother, G?za I of Hungary, who was fighting against their cousin, King Solomon of Hungary....
    , Matthias the Just
    Matthias Corvinus of Hungary

    Matthias I was Kings of Hungary of Kingdom of Hungary ....
    , Francis II Rákóczi
    Francis II Rákóczi

    File:Francisc rakoczi.jpgFerenc II R?k?czi Hungarian aristocrat, he was the leader of the Hungarian uprising against the Habsburgs in 1703-11 as the prince of the Estates Confederated for Liberty of the Kingdom of Hungary....
     and Lajos Kossuth
    Lajos Kossuth

    Lajos Kossuth was a Hungary lawyer, politician and Governor-President of Hungary in 1849. He was widely honored during his lifetime, including in the United Kingdom and the United States, as a freedom fighter....
    .
  • India
    India

    India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, the List of countries by population country, and the most populous liberal democracy in the world....
    : and (Sanskrit epics), Indian freedom struggle
    • Hindu nationalism
      Hindu nationalism

      Hindu nationalism is a nationalism ideology that sees the modern state of the India as a Hindu polity , and seeks to preserve the Hindu heritage....
      : Indigenous Aryans
      Indigenous Aryans

      The notion of Indigenous Aryans posits that speakers of Indo-Aryan languages are ":wikt:indigenous" to the Indian subcontinent. It is widespread in Hindu nationalism, and can take various forms, all of them emphasizing that Vedic Sanskrit and Vedism are native to Northern India....
    • Tamil nationalism
      Tamil nationalism

      Tamil nationalism in India is an aspiration by some Tamil people to establish, at minimum, self determination. The ideology of Tamil Nationalism seeks to preserve and modernize Tamil language and culture of Tamil Nadu, unite Tamils across boundaries, eradicate caste discrimination within Tamils, emancipate and empower Tamil women, uplift the...
      : Kumari Kandam
      Kumari Kandam

      Kumari Kandam is the name of a legendary sunken landmass said to have been located to the south of present-day Kanyakumari district District at the southern tip of India in the Indian Ocean....
  • Iran
    Iran

    Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran and formerly known internationally as Persian Empire until 1935, is a country in Central Eurasia, located on the northeastern shore of the Persian Gulf and the southern shore of the Caspian Sea....
    : Shahnameh
    Shahnameh

    File:Ferdowsi tehran.jpg Shahnam?, or Shahnama , "The Great Book" , is an enormous poetic opus written by the Persian literature Ferdowsi around 1000 AD and is the national epic of Iran....
     (national epic)
  • Ireland
    Ireland

    Ireland is the List of islands by area in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islet....
    : St Patrick
  • Israel
    Israel

    Israel officially the State of Israel , is a country in the Middle East located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan in the east, and Egypt on the southwest, and contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area....
    : Exodus
    Exodus

    Exodus is the second book of the Jewish Torah and of the Christian Old Testament. It tells how Moses leads the Israelites out of Egypt and through the wilderness to the Mountain of God Sinai....
    , the Kingdom of Israel
    Kingdom of Israel

    The Kingdom of Israel was one of the successor states to the older United Monarchy . It existed roughly from the 930s BC until about the 720s BC....
    , see Zionism
    Zionism

    Zionism is the international Jewish political movement that originally supported the reestablishment of a homeland for the Jewish People in Palestine....
  • Italy
    Italy

    Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
    : the Roman Empire
    Roman Empire

    The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
    , Victor Emmanuel II of Italy
    Victor Emmanuel II of Italy

    Victor Emmanuel II, King of Italy , was the Monarch of Piedmont, Savoy, and Sardinia from 1849 to 1861. On February 18, 1861, he assumed the title King of Italy to become the first king of a Italian unification, a title he held until his death in 1878....
    , Garibaldi
  • Japan
    Japan

    Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
    : Emperor Jimmu
    Emperor Jimmu

    ; also known as: Kamuyamato Iwarebiko; given name: Wakamikenu no Mikoto or Sano no Mikoto, was the mythical founder of Japan and is the first emperor named in the traditional lists of emperors....
  • Korea
    Korea

    Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries, a civilization, and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia....
    : Hwanin
    Hwanin

    Hwanin, or Divine Regent is a figure in Korean mythology.In the traditional Dangun mythology he is portrayed as the Emperor of Heaven himself, with his son Hwanung ?? and his grandson Dangun being the mythical founder of Korea....
    , Dangun
    Dangun

    Dangun Wanggeom was the legendary founder of Gojoseon, the first Korean kingdom, around present-day Liaoning, Manchuria, and the Korean Peninsula....
    , see Korean nationalism
    Korean nationalism

    Korean Nationalism is a term referring to the Koreans version of nationalism....
    • North Korea
      North Korea

      North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea , is a state in East Asia, occupying the northern half of the Korean Peninsula....
      : Juche
      Juche

      The Juche Idea is the official state ideology of North Korea and the political system based on it. The doctrine is a component part of Kimilsungism, the North Korean term for Kim Il-sung's family regime....
  • Kurds: Guti
    Guti

    Guti may refer to:*Jos? Mar?a Guti?rrez, usually known as Guti, Spanish football player*Gutium, a people in ancient Mesopotamia*Gauti, an eponymous ancestor of the Gotlanders...
    , Hurrians
    Hurrians

    The Hurrians were a people of the Ancient Near East, who lived in northern Mesopotamia and areas to the immediate east and west, beginning approximately 2500 BC....
    , Carduchi, see Kurdish nationalism
    Kurdish nationalism

    Kurdish nationalism is a term referring to Kurdish version of nationalism.The Kurdish people have been dubbed "by far the largest people in the world without a state of its own", reflecting the secessionism cause for an independent Kurdistan....
  • Republic of Macedonia
    Republic of Macedonia

    The Republic of Macedonia , , often referred to simply as Macedonia, is a landlocked country on the Balkans in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Serbia to the north, Bulgaria to the east, Greece to the south and Albania to the west....
    : Macedonism, Alexander the Great
    Alexander the Great

    Alexander the Great , also known as Alexander III of Macedon was an ancient Greeks King of Macedon . He was one of the most successful military commanders of all time and is presumed undefeated in battle....
  • Mexico
    Mexico

    The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federalism constitutionalism republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico....
    : Our Lady of Guadalupe
    Our Lady of Guadalupe

    Our Lady of Guadalupe is a celebrated 16th-century icon of the Blessed Virgin Mary, mother of Jesus Christ. The image, also known as the Virgin of Guadalupe represents a famous Marian apparition....
  • Netherlands
    Netherlands

    The Netherlands is a country that is part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands is located in North-West Europe, and bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east....
    : Revolt of the Batavi, Dutch Revolt
    Dutch Revolt

    The Dutch Revolt, Eighty Years' War or the Revolt of the Netherlands , was the successful revolt of the Seventeen Provinces in the Low Countries against the Spanish Empire....
    /Geuzen
    Geuzen

    Geuzen was a name assumed by the confederacy of Calvinist Dutch nobles and other malcontents, who from 1566 opposed Spain rule in the Netherlands....
    , Dutch Golden Age
    Dutch Golden Age

    The Golden Age was a period in Netherlands history, roughly spanning the 17th century, in which Dutch trade, science, and art were among the most acclaimed in the world....
  • Norway
    Norway

    Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a constitutional monarchy in Northern Europe that occupies the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula....
    : Harald Fairhair, Olav Tryggvason, Constitution of Norway
    Constitution of Norway

    The Constitution of Norway was first adopted on May 16, 1814 by the Norwegian Constituent Assembly at Eidsvoll , then signed and dated May 17....
  • Philippines
    Philippines

    The Philippines, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines, is a country in Southeast Asia with Manila as its capital city. It comprises 7,107 islands in the western Pacific Ocean....
    : Bathala
    Bathala

    According to Philippine mythology, Bathalang Maykapal, or Bathala, was the Supreme God of the ancient Tagalog language and King of the Diwatas....
    , Jose Rizal
    José Rizal

    Jos? Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda , was a Philippines polymath, nationalist and the most prominent advocate for reforms in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial era....
    , Andres Bonifacio
    Andres Bonifacio

    Andr?s Bonifacio y de Castro , was a Philippines revolutionary leader and the founder of the Philippine Revolution....
    , Philippine revolution
    Philippine Revolution

    The Philippine Revolution was an armed military conflict between the people of the Philippines and the Spain colonial authorities which resulted in the secession of the Philippine Islands from the Spanish Empire....
  • Portugal
    Portugal

    Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic , is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. Located in southwestern Europe, Portugal is the westernmost country of mainland Europe and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east....
     Afonso Henriques, Afonso Henriques, Os Lusíadas
    Os Lusíadas

    Os Lus?adas, pronunciation. is a Portugal Epic poetry by Lu?s de Cam?es .Written in Homer fashion, the poem focuses mainly on a fantastical interpretation of the Portugal in the Age of Discovery during the 15th and 16th centuries....
     (epic poem)
  • Poland
    Poland

    Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian Enclave and exclave, to the north....
    : Sarmatism
    Sarmatism

    Sarmatism, also Sarmatianism, embodied the dominant lifestyle, culture and ideology of the szlachta in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from the 16th century to the 19th century....
    , Lech, Czech and Rus
    Lech, Czech and Rus

    According to an old legend, Lech, Cech and Rus were eponymous brothers who founded the three Slavic peoples nations:* Poland ,* Bohemia , and...
    , Battle of Grunwald
    Battle of Grunwald

    The Battle of Grunwald took place on 15 July 1410 with the Jagiellon Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, led by the king Wladyslaw II Jagiello, ranged against the Knights of the Teutonic Order, led by the Grand Master Ulrich von Jungingen....
  • Serbia
    Serbia

    Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a country in Central Europe and Balkans Europe, covering the southern part of the Pannonian Plain and the central part of the Balkans....
    : Battle of Kosovo
    Battle of Kosovo

    The Battle of Kosovo was fought on Vidovdan between the Serbian Empire, her allies, and the Ottoman Empire, in a Gazimestan about 5 kilometers northwest of Pristina....
  • Slovenia
    Slovenia

    Slovenia , officially the Republic of Slovenia , is a country in southern Central Europe bordering Italy to the west, the Adriatic Sea to the southwest, Croatia to the south and east, Hungary to the northeast, and Austria to the north....
    : Venetic theory
    Venetic theory

    The Venetic theory is a widely diffused autochthonist theory of the origin of Slovenes which denies the Slavic settlement of the Eastern Alps in the 6th century A.D., claiming that proto-Slovenes have inhabited the region since ancient times....
    , see Slovenian nationalism
  • Soviet Union
    Soviet Union

    The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a Constitution of the Soviet Union socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.The name is a translation of the , romanization of Russian Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik, abbreviated ????, SSSR....
    : Russian Revolution, Great Patriotic War
    Great Patriotic War (term)

    The Terminology Great Patriotic War is used in Russia and some other states of the former Soviet Union to describe their portion of the Second World War from June 22, 1941, to May 9, 1945, against Nazi Germany and its Axis powers....
  • Syriac Christians
    • Assyrianism
      Assyrianism

      The term Assyrianism refers to Assyrian nationalism which originated in the 19th century and is in direct opposition to Pan-Arabism....
      : Assyria
      Assyria

      Assyria was a political state centered on the Upper Tigris river, in Mesopotamia , that came to rule regional empires a number of times in history....
    • Aramaeanism: Aramaeans
      Aramaeans

      The Aramaeans were a West Semitic semi-nomadic and pastoralist people who lived in upper Mesopotamia and Aram . Aramaeans never had a unified empire; they were divided into independent kingdoms all across the Near East....
  • Sweden
    Sweden

    Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic countries on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden has land borders with Norway to the west and Finland to the northeast, and it is connected to Denmark by the ?resund Bridge in the south....
    : Eric's Chronicle, Gustav Vasa, Swedish Empire
    Swedish Empire

    Sweden was, between 1611 and 1718, one of the great powers of Europe. In modern historiography this period is known as the Swedish Empire, or stormaktstiden ....
     (Battle of Lützen (1632)
    Battle of Lützen (1632)

    The Battle of L?tzen was one of the most decisive battles of the Thirty Years' War. It was a Protestant victory, but cost the life of one of the most important leaders of the Protestant alliance, Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, causing the Protestant campaign to lose direction....
    , March across the Belts)
  • Switzerland
    Switzerland

    Switzerland is a landlocked Swiss Alps country of roughly 7.7 million people in Western Europe with an area of 41,285 km?. Switzerland is a federal republic consisting of 26 states called Cantons of Switzerland....
    : William Tell
    William Tell

    William Tell is a legendary hero of disputed historical authenticity who is said to have lived in the Swiss Alps Canton of Uri in Switzerland in the early 14th century....
    , Rütlischwur
    Rütlischwur

    The R?tlischwur is a legendary oath of the Old Swiss Confederacy. The oath is notably featured in the Wilhelm Tell of 1804 by Friedrich Schiller....
    , see 19th century historiography of Switzerland
    Historiography of Switzerland

    The historiography of Switzerland is the study of the history of Switzerland. Up until the late twentieth century, it was largely shaped by the centuries-old traditional account of the founding of the Old Swiss Confederacy through the Federal Charter of 1291 as a defensive alliance of small republics against European tyrants....
  • Turkey
    Turkey

    Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in southwest Asia and Thrace in the Balkans region of Southern Europe....
     / Turks
    Turkish people

    The Turkish people , also known as "Turks" are defined mainly as citizens of the Republic of Turkey. An early history text provided the definition of being a Turk as "any individual within the Republic of Turkey, whatever his faith who speaks Turkish, grows up with Turkish culture and adopts the Turkish ideal is a Turk." This ideal...
    : Pan-Turkism
    Pan-Turkism

    Pan-Turkism is a political movement aiming to unite the various Turkic peoples into a modern political state, a confederation, or an economic union closely resembling that of the European Union....
    , Turkic migration
    Turkic migration

    The Turkic migration as defined in this article was the expansion of the Turkic peoples across most of Central Asia into Europe and the Middle East between the 6th and 11th centuries AD ....
    , see Turkish nationalism
    Turkish nationalism

    Turkish nationalism is a political ideology that promotes and glorifies the Turkish people, as either a national, ethnic group or linguistic groups and puts the interests of the state over all others influences, including religious ones....
  • United States
    United States

    The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
    : Pocahontas
    Pocahontas

    Pocahontas was a Native Americans in the United States woman who married an Englishman, John Rolfe, and became a celebrity in London in the last year of her life....
    , Mayflower, the American Revolution
    American Revolution

    The American Revolution refers to the political upheaval during the last half of the 18th century in which the Thirteen Colonies of North America overthrew the governance of the British Empire and then rejected the British monarchy to become the sovereign United States of America....
    , the American Old West
    American Old West

    For cultural influences and their development, see Western .The American Old West or Wild West comprises the history, geography, peoples, lore, and cultural expression of life in the Western United States , most often referring to the period of the latter half of the 19th century, between the American Civil War and the end of th...
    , the American Civil War
    American Civil War

    The American Civil War , also known as the War Between the States and several Naming the American Civil War, was a civil war in the United States....


See also

  • Civil religion
    Civil religion

    The intended meaning of the term civil religion often varies according to whether one is a sociologist of religion or a professional political commentator....
  • List of world folk-epics
    List of world folk-epics

    World folk-epics are those epic poetry which are not just literary masterpieces but also an integral part of the weltanschauung of a people. They were originally oral literatures, which were later written down by either single author or several writers....
  • Mythomoteur
    Mythomoteur

    A mythomoteur is the constitutive myth that gives an ethnic group its sense of purpose. The term was first used in this context by Ramon d?Abadal i de Vinyals, and was later taken up by John Armstrong in his book Nations before Nationalism....
  • National epic
    National epic

    A national epic is an epic poetry or a literary work of epic scope which seeks or is believed to capture and express the essence or spirit of a particular nation; not necessarily a nation-state, but at least an ethnic or linguistic group with aspirations to independence or Wiktionary:autonomy....
  • Founding myth
    Founding myth

    A national myth is an inspiring narrative or anecdote about a nation's past. Such myths often serve as an important national symbol and affirm a set of national values....
  • Nationalism and ancient history