{{Redirect|Fort Wayne}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2011}}
Fort Wayne is a city in the US state of [[Indiana]] and the [[county seat]] of [[Allen County, Indiana|Allen County]].{{GR|6}} The population was 253,691 at the 2010 Census making it the 74th largest city in the United States and the second largest in Indiana. The municipality is located in northeastern Indiana, approximately {{convert|18|mi|km}} west of the [[Ohio]] border and {{convert|50|mi|km}} south of the [[Michigan]] border.
Fort Wayne is the principal city of the [[Fort Wayne Metropolitan Statistical Area]], a [[United States metropolitan area|metropolitan area]] that encompasses Allen, [[Wells County, Indiana|Wells]], and [[Whitley County, Indiana|Whitley]] counties, for an estimated population of 414,315. In addition to those three counties, the [[Fort Wayne-Huntington-Auburn, IN CSA|Fort Wayne–Huntington–Auburn CSA]], a [[combined statistical area]], includes [[Adams County, Indiana|Adams]], [[DeKalb County, Indiana|DeKalb]], [[Huntington County, Indiana|Huntington]], and [[Noble County, Indiana|Noble]] counties, for a population of 610,015.
Under the direction of [[American Revolutionary War]] statesman [[Anthony Wayne|General "Mad" Anthony Wayne]], the [[United States Army]] built Fort Wayne last in a series of forts near the [[Miami tribe|Miami Indian]] village of [[Kekionga]] in 1794. Named in Wayne's honor, Fort Wayne established itself at the confluence of the [[St. Joseph River (Maumee River)|St. Joseph River]], [[St. Marys River (Indiana)|St. Marys River]], and [[Maumee River]] as a [[trading post]] for European settlers. The village was [[platted]] in 1823 and experienced tremendous growth after completion of the [[Wabash and Erie Canal]].
By the 21st century, Fort Wayne's economy was based on manufacturing, education, insurance, health care, logistics, and defense and security. The city has been an [[All-America City Award]] recipient in 1982, 1998, and 2009.
Colonial
{{See also|Forts of Fort Wayne, Indiana}}
[[Image:Anthony Wayne.jpg|175px|thumb|left|General "Mad" Anthony Wayne]]
The Miami nation first established a settlement at the Maumee, St. Joseph, and St. Marys Rivers in the mid-17th century called [[Kekionga]]. The village was the traditional capital of the Miami nation and related [[Algonquian peoples|Algonquian]] tribes. Historians believe that around 1676, French priests and missionaries visited the Miami on their way back from a mission at [[Lake Michigan]]. In 1680, [[René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle]] sent a letter to the [[Governor-General of Canada]] stating he had also stopped there. In the 1680s, French traders established a post at the location because it was the crucial [[portage]] between the [[Great Lakes (North America)|Great Lakes]] and the [[Mississippi River]]. The Maumee River is approximately ten miles (16 kilometers) away from the Little River branch of the [[Wabash River]], which flows, in turn, into the [[Ohio River]].
In 1696, [[Comte de Frontenac]] appointed [[Jean Baptiste Bissot, Sieur de Vincennes]] as commander of the French outpost in Miami country. The French built the first fort on the site, [[Forts of Fort Wayne, Indiana|Fort Miamis]], in 1697 as part of a group of forts built between [[Quebec, Canada]], and [[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]]. In 1721, a few years after Bissot's death, Fort Miamis was replaced by [[Forts of Fort Wayne, Indiana|Fort St. Philippe des Miamis]]. The first census, performed in 1744 on the order by the governor of Louisiana, revealed a population of approximately forty Frenchmen and one thousand Miami.
Increasing tension between France and the [[Kingdom of Great Britain|United Kingdom]] developed over the territory. In 1760, after defeat by British forces in the [[French and Indian War]], the area was ceded to the [[British Empire]]. The fort was again renamed, this time to Fort Miami. In 1763, various Native American nations rebelled against British rule and retook the fort as part of [[Pontiac's Rebellion]]. The Miami regained control of Kekionga, a rule that lasted for more than thirty years.
In 1790, President [[George Washington]] ordered the United States Army to secure Indiana. Three battles were fought in Kekionga against [[Little Turtle]] and the [[Miami Confederacy]]. Miami warriors annihilated the United States Army in the first two battles. Anthony Wayne led a third expedition, destroying the village while its warriors were away. When the tribe returned to their destroyed village, [[Little Turtle]] decided to negotiate peace. After General Wayne refused it, the tribe was advanced to [[Fallen Timbers]] where they were defeated on August 20, 1794. On October 22, 1794, the United States army captured the Wabash-Erie portage from the Miami Confederacy and built a new fort at the three rivers, Fort Wayne, in honor of General Wayne.
19th century
Initially a mere frontier outpost, the town was incorporated in 1829 with a population of 300. The arrival of the [[Wabash and Erie Canal]] opened links to the [[Great Lakes]], bringing the population to 2,080 when the town was incorporated as the City of Fort Wayne on February 22, 1840.
The Summit City as the community became known, was at the zenith of the old portage, which was also the highest point on the canal. The city lost prominence on the demise of the Wabash and Erie Canal in the 1870s. By the 1850s several rail lines soon ran through the city, strengthening transportion in the region and allowing industry to flourish.
Population growth occurred most in the 19th century, with the arrival of a large number of [[German American|Germans]], [[Irish Americans|Irish]], and later [[Polish Americans|Poles]]. Most immigrants were of Catholic or Lutheran faith. Fort Wayne was a hub for recruitment and training during the [[American Civil War]], with new soldiers from nearby counties assembling here before deployment to the battlefields.
The Germans and Irish usually gave strong majorities for the [[History of the Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]]; Fort Wayne was the only Northern city of 50,000 or more carried by Democrat [[William Jennings Bryan]] in 1896.
20th century
The highly traditionalistic Germans stoutly resisted the [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibition]] and [[Women's suffrage in the United States|women's suffrage movements]] that gained strength elsewhere during the [[Progressive Era]].
Factories
The city's economy was based substantially on manufacturing, and after 1910, many businesses began manfacturing parts to the automobile industry exploding in nearby Detroit. The Wayne Knitting Mills opened in 1891 to produce the nation's first full-fashioned hosiery. In 1885, [[Sylvanus F. Bowser]] introduced self-measuring oil tanks for kerosene; by the 1930s, three Fort Wayne factories made 70 percent of the nation's gasoline pumps. Other factories made railroad car wheels, boilers, tanks, washing machines, medicines, motor trucks, automatic phonographs, display cases, meat-packing products, mining machinery, tents and awnings, and beer. With 10,000 employees, [[General Electric]] was the city's largest employer during this period. [[General Electric]]'s Industrial Motor Division has been headquartered in Fort Wayne since the companies acquisition of the Fort Wayne Electric Works in 1911. [[GE]] has manufactured many different products in Fort Wayne including watt-hour meters, fractional horsepower motors, and transformers.
Over 6,000 women and girls worked in factories during 1900–20, chiefly in traditionally female industries such as food preparation and hosiery. They had low wages and little opportunity for advancement, but most women quit when they married. Employers, such as Wayne Knitting Mills and General Electric, built well-appointed dormitories and clubhouses to attract workers. In the 1920s prosperity led to improved conditions, including shorter hours and higher wages.
Great Depression
Like all cities dependent on heavy industry, Fort Wayne was badly hit by the [[Great Depression]] beginning in 1929, with most factories cutting their workforce.
When local relief moneys ran out, Fort Wayne turned to the [[New Deal]] for help, as the CCC, FERA, WPA, and PWA poured money in, and the AAA helped regional farmers. Several programs helped homeowners pay their mortgages. By summer 1938, as the economy skidded downward again, one in six families in Allen County were on welfare, with 2/3 of the funding coming from the WPA. The Germans had turned hostile to the Democrats in World War I, but the city voted for [[Franklin D. Roosevelt|Roosevelt]].
Recreation
The city provided numerous recreational activities, specially after the Federal [[Works Progress Administration|WPA]] began construction projects in 1935. In 1940 the city provided 25 parks totaling {{convert|865|acres|0|abbr=on}}, with 39 horseshoe courts, 67 tennis courts, 27 softball and hardball diamonds, 6 football fields, 2 archery courts, 2 pools, 3 bridle paths, and 12 supervised playgrounds, as well as a municipal golf course that charged 60 cents a round. The city also operated a bathing beach on the St. Joseph River. Downtown included 15 movie theaters, all with one screen and double features; the largest was the [[Embassy Theatre (Fort Wayne)|Embassy Theatre]] with 2,500 seats.
Floods
[[Image:Fort Wayne flood 1982.jpg|right|thumb|Superior Street during the disastrous floods Fort Wayne suffered in 1982.]]
The Great Flood of 1913 left six dead and 15,000 homeless; the governor declared martial law until order could be restored and relief services opened.
The costliest disaster in Fort Wayne's history, the Great Flood of 1982, exceeded $56 million in damages and prompted a visit from President [[Ronald Reagan]]. In the days following the flood, 9,000 residents were forced to evacuate and over 2,000 residences and businesses were damaged by floodwaters. One brigade of [[sandbag]]gers is credited with saving 1,860 homes in the Lakeside neighborhood as clay dikes along the Maumee River began showing signs of failure. The efforts by thousands of volunteers earned Fort Wayne the distinction of
The City That Saved Itself. Since this flood, miles of [[levees]] and dikes were built or enhanced, the [[U.S. Army Corps of Engineers]] widened the Maumee River, and Headwaters Park was established near the confluence of the rivers in downtown Fort Wayne, all implemented to alleviate future flooding.
21st century
In recent history, the focus of citizens has been the concern of bolstering business and beautification in the core of Fort Wayne. Within the last decade, the city has improved in this venture, with the renovations and expansions of the [[Allen County Public Library]] and [[Grand Wayne Convention Center]], as well as the addition of Headwaters Park. In 2006, the $130 million [[Harrison Square]] development was announced, containing a new baseball stadium, parking garage, condominiums, shops, and hotel in downtown Fort Wayne, with construction to begin by 2008. The baseball stadium, [[Parkview Field]], opened in April 2009 and the hotel, a [[Courtyard by Marriott]], opened in September 2010.
Geography
[[Image:St Joseph River Fort Wayne Indiana.jpg|thumb|right|A flood wall lining the St. Joseph River in northern Fort Wayne.]]
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|110.8|sqmi|km2}}, of which {{convert|110.6|sqmi|km2}} is land and {{convert|0.2|sqmi|km2}} (0.19%) is water.
Fort Wayne is located at 41°04′50"N 85°08′21"W (41.07253, −85.13937). For a regional [[summit (topography)|summit]], Fort Wayne lies on fairly flat land, with the exception of few hills and depressions throughout the region. [[Marshes]] and [[wetlands]] are prevalent in portions of southwest Fort Wayne and Allen County, as well as some [[quarry|quarries]]. West of the city lies the Tipton Till Plain while land east of the plain is the former [[Black Swamp]]. The [[St. Marys River (Indiana)|St. Marys River]] cuts through the southeast section of Allen County, flowing northward, while the [[St. Joseph River (Maumee River)|St. Joseph River]] cuts through the northeast section of the county, flowing southward. Both rivers converge roughly in the center of the county to form the [[Maumee River]], which flow northeastward, eventually emptying into [[Lake Erie]].
The city lies along the [[St. Lawrence River]] Continental Divide which separates the [[Great Lakes Basin]] from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean watershed.
Climate
According to the [[Köppen climate classification]], Fort Wayne lies in the [[humid continental climate]] zone, experiencing four distinct seasons. Typically, summers are hot and humid, and winters are generally cold with frequent snowfall. Precipitation is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year.
The [[National Weather Service]] reports the highest recorded temperature in the city at {{convert|106|°F|°C|abbr=on}} on July 14, 1936 and June 29, 1988, and the lowest recorded temperature at {{convert|-24|°F|°C|abbr=on}} on January 12, 1918. The wettest month on record was July 1986, with {{convert|11.00|in|mm}} of precipitation recorded. The greatest 24-hour rainfall was {{convert|4.93|in|mm}} on August 1, 1926. The average annual precipitation is {{convert|37.9|in|mm}}, recorded at Fort Wayne International. During the winter season, snowfall accumulation averages {{convert|32.9|in|cm}} per year. [[Lake effect]] snow is not rare to the region, but usually appears in the form of light snow flurries. The snowiest month on record was {{convert|29.5|in|cm}} in January 1982. The greatest 24-hour snowfall was {{convert|13.6|in|cm}} on March 10, 1964.
Severe weather is not uncommon, particularly in the spring and summer months. The most severe tornado, an [[Enhanced Fujita scale|EF2]], struck portions of northern Fort Wayne on May 26, 2001, causing extensive damage to businesses along the Coliseum Boulevard corridor and a subdivision, but resulting in only three minor injuries. The city was paralyzed in the days following the [[Great Blizzard of 1978]], with snow accumulations in upwards of {{convert|24|in|mm}} and drifts at {{convert|20|ft|mm}} in some places, driven by 55 mile-per-hour wind gusts.
{{Weather box
|location = Fort Wayne, Indiana
|single line = Yes
|Jan record high F = 69
|Feb record high F = 73
|Mar record high F = 86
|Apr record high F = 90
|May record high F = 99
|Jun record high F = 106
|Jul record high F = 104
|Aug record high F = 102
|Sep record high F = 100
|Oct record high F = 91
|Nov record high F = 79
|Dec record high F = 71
|year record high F = 106
|Jan high F = 31.0
|Feb high F = 35.4
|Mar high F = 47.4
|Apr high F = 59.8
|May high F = 71.6
|Jun high F = 80.6
|Jul high F = 84.3
|Aug high F = 81.8
|Sep high F = 75.4
|Oct high F = 63.0
|Nov high F = 48.5
|Dec high F = 35.8
|Jan low F = 16.1
|Feb low F = 19.2
|Mar low F = 28.8
|Apr low F = 38.2
|May low F = 49.1
|Jun low F = 58.8
|Jul low F = 62.5
|Aug low F = 60.4
|Sep low F = 52.8
|Oct low F = 41.8
|Nov low F = 32.7
|Dec low F = 22.3
|Jan record low F = −24
|Feb record low F = −19
|Mar record low F = −10
|Apr record low F = 7
|May record low F = 27
|Jun record low F = 36
|Jul record low F = 38
|Aug record low F = 38
|Sep record low F = 29
|Oct record low F = 19
|Nov record low F = −1
|Dec record low F = −18
|year record low F = −24
|Jan high C = −0.56
|Jan low C = −8.83
|Feb low C = −7.11
|Mar low C = −1.78
|Dec low C = −5.39
|Jan record low C = −31.1
|Feb record low C = −28.3
|Mar record low C = −23.3
|Apr record low C = −13.9
|May record low C = −2.8
|Sep record low C = −1.7
|Oct record low C = −7.2
|Nov record low C = −18.3
|Dec record low C = −27.8
|year record low C = −31.1
|Jan precipitation inch = 1.96
|Feb precipitation inch = 1.91
|Mar precipitation inch = 2.86
|Apr precipitation inch = 3.75
|May precipitation inch = 3.77
|Jun precipitation inch = 3.99
|Jul precipitation inch = 4.05
|Aug precipitation inch = 3.41
|Sep precipitation inch = 3.11
|Oct precipitation inch = 2.91
|Nov precipitation inch = 3.25
|Dec precipitation inch = 2.93
|precipitation colour = green
|year precipitation inch = 37.90
|Jan snow inch = 8.0
|Feb snow inch = 7.6
|Mar snow inch = 5.3
|Apr snow inch = 1.4
|May snow inch = 0
|Jun snow inch = 0
|Jul snow inch = 0
|Aug snow inch = 0
|Sep snow inch = 0
|Oct snow inch = 0.3
|Nov snow inch = 3.2
|Dec snow inch = 7.1
|year snow inch = 32.9
|Jan sun = 148.8
|Feb sun = 161.0
|Mar sun = 207.7
|Apr sun = 252.0
|May sun = 313.1
|Jun sun = 339.0
|Jul sun = 347.2
|Aug sun = 319.3
|Sep sun = 258.0
|Oct sun = 207.7
|Nov sun = 123.0
|Dec sun = 108.5
|source 1 = Homefacts The Weather Channel (extreme temps) Weatherbase (snowfall) HKO (sun only, 1961−1990)
|date=October 2011}}
Cityscape
[[Image:Fort-wayne-indiana-courthouse.jpg|thumb|The [[Allen County Courthouse (Indiana)|Allen County Courthouse]] was designated a [[National Historic Landmark]] in 2002.]]
[[Image:Fort-wayne-lincoln-tower.jpg|thumb|Built in 1930, the [[Lincoln Bank Tower]] was the tallest building in the state until 1962.]]
{{See also|List of tallest buildings in Fort Wayne}}
Architecture
*[[Allen County Courthouse (Indiana)|Allen County Courthouse]], [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts]] government building, [[Brentwood S. Tolan]], 1897–1902
*Canal House, warehouse, 1852
*[[Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception in Fort Wayne|Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception]], [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]]-style church, 1860
*[[Center School (Indiana)|Center School]], restored schoolhouse, 1893
*Commerce Building (now Star Financial Bank Building), Beaux-Arts commercial high-rise, Charles R. Weatherhogg, 1923
*[[Concordia Senior College]] (now [[Concordia Theological Seminary]]), [[Modern architecture|Modern]]-style, [[Eero Saarinen]], 1953
*Crooks House, [[Postmodern]]-style residence, [[Michael Graves]], 1976
*[[Embassy Theatre (Fort Wayne)|Embassy Theatre and Indiana Hotel]], theater and hotel, [[Alvin M. Strauss]], 1928
*Engine House #3, fire station, 1893
*[[Forest Park Boulevard Historic District]], [[Colonial Revival]] and [[Tudor Revival]], neighborhood, 1910–1954
*[[Fort Wayne Old City Hall Building|Fort Wayne City Hall]], [[Richardsonian Romanesque]]-style government building, John F. Wing and Marshall S. Mahurin, 1893
*Hanselmann House, Postmodern-style residence, Michael Graves, 1967
*Hugh McCulloch House, residence, 1834
*J.B. Franke House, [[Prairie School]]-style residence, [[Barry Byrne|Francis Barry Byrne]], 1914
*John H. Bass Mansion (Brookside), residence, 1903
*[[Lincoln Bank Tower]], [[Art-Deco]] highrise, Alvin M. Strauss, 1930
*McCulloch-Weatherhogg House, [[Victorian Gothic]]-style residence, [[Thomas J. Tolan]], 1881
*Oakdale Historic District, [[Colonial Revival]], [[Tudor Revival]], [[American Craftsman|Craftsman]], and [[American Foursquare]], neighborhood, 1873–1950
*Pennsylvania Railroad Station, Craftsman-style train station, 1914
*[[Richardville House|Chief Jean Baptiste de Richardville House]], [[Greek Revival architecture|Greek Revival]] residence, 1827
*[[Saint Paul's Evangelical Lutheran Church]], Gothic-style church, John F. Wing and Marshall S. Mahurin, 1889
*[[Snyderman House]], Postmodern-style residence, Michael Graves, 1972
*South Wayne Historic District, Craftsman, Colonial Revival, and American Foursquare, neighborhood, 1893–1940
*The Landing Historic District, [[Italianate]], [[Renaissance]], and [[Romanesque Revival architecture|Romanesque]] commercial lowrises, 1868–1943
*Thomas W. Swinney House, [[Federal architecture|Federalist]]-style residence, 1844
*Trinity English Lutheran Church, church, 1923
*Wermuth House, residence, Eero Saarinen, 1942
*West Central Historic District, Greek Revival and [[Gothic Revival]], neighborhood, 1840–1934
*[[Williams-Woodland Park Historic District]], [[Queen Anne Style architecture|Queen Anne]] and Colonial Revival, neighborhood, 1875–1940
Law and government
NEWLINENEWLINE City government:NEWLINENEWLINE| Mayor | NEWLINE [[Tom Henry]] | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| At-Large | NEWLINE Marty Bender | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| At-Large | NEWLINE Liz Brown | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| At-Large | NEWLINE John H. Shoaff | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| First District | NEWLINE Tom Smith | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| Second District | NEWLINE Karen Goldner | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| Third District | NEWLINE Thomas F. Didier | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| Fourth District | NEWLINE [[Mitch Harper]] | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| Fifth District | NEWLINE Timothy M. Pape | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| Sixth District | NEWLINE Glynn A. Hines | NEWLINE
NEWLINENEWLINE
{{See also|List of Fort Wayne, Indiana mayors}}
Fort Wayne has a [[mayor-council government]]. Common Council has nine elected members, one representative from each of the city's six council districts and three at-large members, serving four-year terms. The district members represent the constituents living within the boundaries of their jurisdiction, while the at-large members represent the citizens as a whole.
[[United States Democratic Party|Democrat]] [[Tom Henry]] has been Fort Wayne's mayor since 2008. Elizabeth Malloy was appointed to the position of Deputy Mayor in 2010. [[Sandra Kennedy]] has held the city clerk position since 1983.
Under the [[Unigov]] provision of Indiana Law, City-County consolidation would have been automatic when Fort Wayne's population exceeded 250,000 and became a first class city in Indiana. Fort Wayne nearly met the state requirements for first class city designation on January 1, 2006 when {{convert|12.8|sqmi|km2}} of neighboring [[Aboite Township, Allen County, Indiana|Aboite Township]] (and a small section of [[Wayne Township, Allen County, Indiana|Wayne Township]]) including 25,094 people were annexed. However, a 2004 legislative change raised the population requirements from 250,000 to 600,000, which ensured Indianapolis' status as the only first class city in Indiana.
Municipal and State laws are enforced by the Fort Wayne Police Department, an organization of 460 officers. In 2006, Fort Wayne's crime rate was 5104.1 per 100,000 people, slightly above the national average of 4479.3. There were 18 murders, 404 robberies, and 2,128 burglaries in 2006.
Sister cities
Fort Wayne has three sister cities as designated by [[Sister Cities International]]:
[[Gera]], Germany (since 1992) [[Płock]], Poland (since 1990) [[Takaoka, Toyama|Takaoka]], Japan (since 1977)
Demographics
{{USCensusPop
|1833=300
|1850=4282
|1860=10388
|1870=17718
|1880=25880
|1890=35393
|1900=45115
|1910=63933
|1920=85540
|1930=114946
|1940=118410
|1950=133607
|1960=161144
|1970=178269
|1980=172196
|1990=195680
|2000=205727
|2010=253691
|2005 estimate=255,691
|footnote=U.S. Census Bureau
}}
The first census was performed in 1744 on the order by the governor of Louisiana, revealed a population of approximately forty Frenchmen and one thousand Miami.
According to the [[2010 United States Census|2010 Census]], there were 253,691 people and 113,541 households. The racial makeup of the city is 73.62% [[Race (U.S. Census)|White]], 15.41% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Black]] or [[Race (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.37% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 3.3% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Asian]] (1.4% [[Burmese American|Burmese]], 0.5% [[Indian American|Indian]], 0.3% [[Vietnamese American|Vietnamese]], 0.2% [[Chinese American|Chinese]], 0.2% [[Filipino American|Filipino]], 0.1% [[Korean American|Korean]], 0.1% [[Laotian American|Laotian]]), 0.06% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 3.72% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 3.52% from two or more races. 7.96% of the population are [[Hispanics in the United States|Hispanic]] or [[Race (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race. Among the Hispanic population, 6.1% are [[Mexican American|Mexican]], 0.4% [[Puerto Rican people|Puerto Rican]], and 0.3% [[Guatemalan American|Guatemalan]].
According to the census of 2000, there were 90,915 housing units at an average density of 1,151.5 per square mile (444.6/km²). There were 83,333 households out of which 31.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.9% were married couples living together, 14.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.2% were non-families. 32.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 3.08.
In the city the population is spread out with 27.0% under the age of 18, 10.7% from 18 to 24, 30.2% from 25 to 44, 19.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.5% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 33 years of age. For every 100 females there are 94.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 90.4 males.
The median income for a household in the city is $36,518, and the median income for a family is $45,040. Males have a median income of $34,704 versus $25,062 for females. The per capita income for the city is $18,517. 12.5% of the population and 9.6% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 17.5% of those under the age of 18 and 7.6% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
Fort Wayne is cited as having the highest [[Burmese American]] population in the United States, with estimates near 6,000.
Religion
Besides its Summit City nickname, Fort Wayne is also informally referred to as the [[City of Churches]], a nickname that stretches back to the late-19th century when the city was the hub of regional Catholic, Lutheran, and Episcopal faiths.
The [[Missouri Synod]] of the Lutheran Church was constituted in [[Saint Paul's Evangelical Lutheran Church]], then known as Saint Pauls Evangelisch-Lutheranische Gemeinde, once founded in 1837 as Fort Wayne's first Lutheran church. The [[Episcopal Church (United States)|Episcopal Church]] moved into Fort Wayne in 1839, attracting settlers from [[New England]] and New York, along with English, Irish, and Canadian immigrants. Trinity Episcopal Church, in downtown Fort Wayne, is the center for the [[Episcopal Diocese of Northern Indiana]]. Fort Wayne is the principal city of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Fort Wayne-South Bend|Catholic Diocese of Fort Wayne-South Bend]] which covers northeastern and north central Indiana. The principal cathedral of the diocese is the [[Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception (Fort Wayne, Indiana)|Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception]], also located downtown.
As of May 2006, three national Christian denominations were headquartered in Fort Wayne: the [[Fundamental Baptist Fellowship Association]], [[Missionary Church|Missionary Church, Inc.]], and the [[Evangelical Mennonite Church|Fellowship of Evangelical Churches]]. Fort Wayne's Jewish population is served by [[Congregation Achduth Vesholom]], the oldest Jewish congregation in Indiana and second oldest Reform congregation west of the [[Allegheny Mountains]], founded in 1848. There is also an increasing religious minority found among Fort Wayne's immigrant communities, which include [[Hinduism]], Islam, and [[Buddhism]].
Economy
A major manufacturing center in the Midwest by the mid-20th century, Fort Wayne included such employers as [[General Electric]], [[Magnavox]], [[Westinghouse Electric Corporation (1886)|Westinghouse]], and [[International Harvester]]. Also vital employers, [[Phelps Dodge]], [[Rea Magnet Wire]], and Essex Wire comprised the largest concentration of copper wire production globally during World War II. As the century came to close, advancements in technology and the reduction of manufacturing jobs nationally led Fort Wayne to be counted among other cities in the [[Rust Belt]].
However, the city's economy has diversified with time to include education, insurance, health care, and defense and security. The service and hospitality sector has also grown recently, with 5.4 million tourists spending more than $415 million in Fort Wayne in 2006. In 2009, [[Forbes]] ranked the Fort Wayne metropolitan area 67th on its list of 200 metropolitan areas in its annual "Best Places For Business And Careers" report. Individually, the city was ranked 5th in cost of living and 12th in cost of doing business.
Fort Wayne is headquarters for such companies as [[Do It Best]], [[Genteq]], [[Medical Protective]], [[North American Van Lines]] ([[Sirva, Inc.|Sirva]]), [[Rea Magnet Wire]], [[Steel Dynamics]], [[Sweetwater Sound]], and [[Vera Bradley]]. Steel Dynamics is the only [[Fortune 500]] company headquartered in the city, ranking 318th.
Fort Wayne's ten largest non-government employers:
{{MultiCol}}
*[[Parkview Health System]] (4,710)
*[[Lutheran Health Network]] (4,302)
*[[General Motors]] (3,341)
*[[Lincoln Financial Group]] (1,750)
*[[ITT Corporation]] (1,581)
{{ColBreak}}
*[[BFGoodrich]] (1,580)
*[[Frontier Communications]] (1,400)
*[[Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne]] (1,255)
*[[Raytheon Systems]] (1,040)
*[[BAE Systems Platform Solutions]] (899)
{{EndMultiCol}}
Festivals
*BBQ RibFest is a four-day event held in mid-June at Headwaters Park, showcasing barbecue rib cooks and vendors, as well as musical performances from across the nation.
*Fort4Fitness debuted in 2008 as a way to motivate residents to take steps in creating healthier lifestyles. The festival includes a certified [[half marathon]], {{convert|4|mi|km|adj=on}} run/walk, health fair, and healthy food expo. Over 9,000 participated in the 2011 half marathon.
*Germanfest, first celebrated in 1981, commemorates Fort Wayne's largest ethnic group with such events as the Germanfest Bake Off and National Weiner Dog Finals. German cuisine, dance, and fashion are showcased in the eight-day celebration, held in the first week of June at Headwaters Park.
*Greek Fest is a four-day event held at the end of June at Headwaters Park. The festival, which originated in 1980, celebrates Fort Wayne's local Greek population and heritage, through Greek food, music, culture, and dancing.
*HolidayFest begins the day before [[Thanksgiving (United States)|Thanksgiving]] with the lighting of the PNC Santa and Reindeer light display, the Wells Fargo Holiday Display, and the Indiana Michigan Power Christmas Wreath, ending with a fireworks finale at [[Parkview Field]]. Other events through the season include the Festival of Gingerbread at [[Fort Wayne Old City Hall Building|The History Center]], the Festival of Trees at the [[Embassy Theatre (Fort Wayne)|Embassy Theatre]], the Reindeer Romp 5K, and the Headwaters Park Ice Rink.
*IPFW Riverfest is a one day festival held at [[IPFW]] along the [[St. Joseph River (Maumee River)|St. Joseph River]]. The festival, which debuted on June 26, 2010, includes kayak and canoe races, [[zip line]] across the river, boat show, fireworks display, live entertainment, and food vendors.
*[[Johnny Appleseed Festival]] is a two-day festival held in the third week of September at [[Johnny Appleseed Park]], where [[Folklore of the United States|American folklore]] legend [[Johnny Appleseed|John Chapman]] is believed to be buried. Traditionally, the festival features food, crafts, and historical demonstrations recalling the era of Johnny Appleseed.
*National Soccer Festival is staged at IPFW's [[Hefner Soccer Complex]] where 20 collegiate soccer programs, including all [[Big Ten Conference]] schools, compete over four days near the end of August. Other activities include youth games, live entertainment, and food vendors.
*[[Three Rivers Festival]] is the paramount of northeast Indiana festivals, annually attracting an estimated 400,000 event-goers. The festival annually spans nine days in mid-July, featuring over 200 events, including a community parade through downtown, a midway, food alley, hot dog eating contest, bed race, arts fair, and fireworks spectacular.
Performing arts
[[File:Historic Embassy Theatre and Indiana Hotel.jpg|thumb|200px|The [[Embassy Theatre (Fort Wayne)|Embassy Theatre]] marquee.]]
The John and Ruth Rhinehart Music Center opened in 2007 on the [[Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne]] campus to hold community concerts and university events. The {{convert|85000|sqft|m2|sing=on}} auditorium includes 1,600 seats. Located downtown, Cinema Center features independent, foreign, classic, and documentary films.
Arts United Center, located adjacent to the [[Fort Wayne Museum of Art]], houses the Fort Wayne Civic Theater and Fort Wayne Youtheatre, with seating for 663. The Scottish Rite Center contains a 2,086-seat auditorium and a {{convert|15000|sqft|m2|sing=on}} Valencia Ballroom. Foellinger Outdoor Theatre, in Franke Park near the zoo, offers seasonal acts and movies during warmer months.
The [[Embassy Theatre (Fort Wayne)|Embassy Theatre]], located across from the Grand Wayne Center, presents shows ranging from concert tours, [[Broadway musicals]], dance, community events, and lectures, serving over 200,000 patrons annually. The Embassy is also home to the [[Fort Wayne Philharmonic Orchestra]]. The [[Grand Wayne Center]], though used mainly for exhibitions and conventions, also plays host to dance or choir productions, such as the annual FAME Festival (The Foundation for Art and Music in Elementary Education), which showcases local school choirs and dancers.
In 2010, the Voices of Unity choir traveled to [[Shaoxing]], China to participate in the 2010 [[World Choir Games]]. Directed by Marshall White, the choir won two gold medals, including the overall champions in the Gospel and Spiritual category.
Museums
[[Image:Science Central.JPG|thumb|200px|left|Science Central contains interactive exhibits geared toward children.]]
[[Image:City Hall Ft W IN 1.jpg|200px|thumb|Once functioning as Fort Wayne's City Hall, the building now houses The History Center.]]
The African/African–American Historical Museum, which opened near downtown in 2000, contains two floors and ten exhibits relating to slavery in the United States, the [[Underground Railroad]], African–American inventors, and the history of the local African–American community. The Greater Fort Wayne Aviation Museum, located at [[Fort Wayne International Airport]], highlights aviation history in Fort Wayne and displays memorabilia relating to historical aviation figures, such as Fort Wayne's own [[Art Smith (pilot)|Art Smith]] and World War I Ace Paul Baer.
The Fort Wayne Firefighters Museum, located at Engine House No. 3 in downtown Fort Wayne, exhibits artifacts from the Fort Wayne Fire Department, dating back to 1839, as well as showcasing four early previously-used fire engines. Established in 1921, the [[Fort Wayne Museum of Art]] contains {{convert|50000|sqft|m2}} of exhibition space, along with an auditorium. The FWMoA reopened in the spring of 2010 after undergoing a {{convert|10000|sqft|m2}} addition and refurbishment.
The Harold W. McMillen Center for Health Education utilizes interactive programs and displays to educate youth to make decisions that promote physical, emotional, and social well-being. The History Center, located in [[Fort Wayne Old City Hall Building|Fort Wayne's Old City Hall]], manages a collection of more than 23,000 artifacts recalling the history of Fort Wayne and Allen County. The center is overseen by the Allen County–Fort Wayne Historical Society, which also maintains the [[Richardville House|Chief Jean Baptiste de Richardville House]]. Opened in 1995, Science Central is an interactive museum geared toward children. Located in Lawton Park just north of downtown Fort Wayne, the center contains permanent displays as well as temporary exhibitions.
Sports
{{See also|History of sports in Fort Wayne, Indiana}}
[[Image:Allen County War Memorial Coliseum.JPG|thumb|175px|Allen County War Memorial Coliseum, as seen from [[Johnny Appleseed Park]].]]
[[Image:Parkview Field 2009.JPG|thumb|175px|Parkview Field, home to the Fort Wayne TinCaps.]]
Fort Wayne is currently home to seven minor league sports franchises. These include [[Fort Wayne Fever]] of soccer's [[Premier Development League]], [[Fort Wayne Flash]] of the [[Women's Football Alliance]], [[Fort Wayne Firehawks]] of the [[Continental Indoor Football League]], [[Fort Wayne Komets]] of the [[Central Hockey League]], [[Fort Wayne Mad Ants]] of the [[NBA Development League]], and [[Fort Wayne TinCaps]] of baseball's [[Midwest League]]. Intercollegiate sports in the city include [[IPFW Mastodons|IPFW]] in the [[NCAA]]'s [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I]] [[Summit League]] as well as [[National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics|NAIA]] schools [[Indiana Tech]] and [[University of Saint Francis (Indiana)|University of Saint Francis]].
The city has formerly been home to three professional sports franchises. These include the [[NBA]]'s [[Fort Wayne Pistons]] (now in Detroit), the [[Fort Wayne Daisies]] of the [[All-American Girls Professional Baseball League]], and the [[Fort Wayne Kekiongas]] of the [[National Association of Professional Base Ball Players]] (an early predecessor to the current [[MLB]]).
Fort Wayne has been home to a few sports firsts; the first professional baseball game was played May 4, 1871 between the Fort Wayne Kekiongas and the [[Cleveland Forest Citys]]. It was rained-out in the top of the ninth inning, with the Kekiongas ahead 2–0. On June 2, 1883, Fort Wayne hosted the Quincy Professionals for one of the first lighted baseball games ever recorded. Fort Wayne has been credited for being the birthplace of the [[National Basketball Association|NBA]] when [[Fort Wayne Pistons]] owner [[Fred Zollner]] brokered the merger of the [[Basketball Association of America|BAA]] and the [[National Basketball League (United States)|NBL]] in 1949 from his kitchen table. Also, on March 10, 1961, [[Wilt Chamberlain]] became the first player in the NBA to reach 3,000 points in a single season while competing at Memorial Coliseum.
Fort Wayne was ranked as the "Best Place in the Country for Minor League Sports" in a 2007 issue of Street & Smith's Sports Business Journal, dropping to second place in 2009.
NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE| Professional Sports in Fort Wayne | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| Team | Sport | League | Established | Venue | Championships | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Fort Wayne Fever]] | NEWLINE Soccer | NEWLINE [[Premier Development League]] | NEWLINE 2003 | NEWLINE [[Hefner Stadium]] | NEWLINE 0 | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Fort Wayne Fever (W-League)|Fort Wayne Fever]] | NEWLINE [[Women's Soccer]] | NEWLINE [[W-League]] | NEWLINE 2004 | NEWLINE Hefner Stadium | NEWLINE 0 | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Fort Wayne Flash]] | NEWLINE [[Women's American football|Women's Football]] | NEWLINE [[Women's Football Alliance]] | NEWLINE 2007 | NEWLINE Woodlan Junior / Senior High School | NEWLINE 0 | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Fort Wayne Firehawks]] | NEWLINE[[indoor American football|Indoor football]] | NEWLINE [[Continental Indoor Football League]] | NEWLINE 2010 | NEWLINE [[Allen County War Memorial Coliseum]] | NEWLINE 0 | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Fort Wayne Komets]] | NEWLINE [[Hockey]] | NEWLINE[[Central Hockey League]] | NEWLINE 1952 | NEWLINE Allen County War Memorial Coliseum | NEWLINE 7 ([[International Hockey League (2007–)|IHL]]), 1 ([[Colonial Cup (hockey)|UHL]]) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Fort Wayne Mad Ants]] | NEWLINE Basketball | NEWLINE [[NBA Development League]] | NEWLINE 2007 | NEWLINE Allen County War Memorial Coliseum | NEWLINE 0 | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Fort Wayne TinCaps]] | NEWLINE Baseball | NEWLINE [[Midwest League]] | NEWLINE 1993 | NEWLINE [[Parkview Field]] | NEWLINE 1 | NEWLINE
NEWLINENEWLINE
Media
{{See also|Media in Fort Wayne, Indiana}}
The city's two major newspapers are [[The Journal Gazette]] and [[Pulitzer Prize]]-winning [[The News-Sentinel]]. Both independent [[daily newspaper|dailies]] have separate editorial departments, but under a [[joint operating agreement]], printing, advertising, and circulation are handled by Fort Wayne Newspapers, Inc. The city is also served by several free weekly and monthly alternative and neighborhood newspapers, including [[Aboite & About]], [[Dupont Valley Times]], Frost Illustrated, Ink, The Macedonian Tribune (the oldest and largest [[Macedonian language]] publication produced outside of the [[Balkans]]), [[St. Joe Times]], whatzup Entertainment Newspaper, and The Waynedale News. The Greater Fort Wayne Business Weekly, a newspaper dedicated to covering local and regional business news, debuted on March 14, 2005. It serves Fort Wayne and the 15-county region.
The Fort Wayne radio market is the 83rd-largest in the nation, according to [[Arbitron]]. Beginning broadcasting in 1925, Fort Wayne's second radio station, [[WOWO]], is now an independent news/talk radio station, featuring local and network news talkshows. Two [[National Public Radio]] stations, [[WBNI]] and [[WBOI]], are based in the city. Fort Wayne is the 107th-largest television [[media market]] in the nation. Broadcast network affiliates include [[WANE-TV]] ([[CBS]]), [[WFFT-TV]] ([[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]]), [[WISE-TV]] ([[NBC]]), [[WPTA]] ([[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]]), and [[WFWA]] ([[Public Broadcasting Service|PBS]]). Religious broadcasters include [[WINM]] and [[W07CL]]. [[The CW Network]] and [[My Network TV]] do not have primary affiliates in Fort Wayne; they are broadcast in standard definition on subchannels of WPTA and WISE-TV respectively.
Recreation
[[Image:Skyline-Headwaters Park.JPG|200px|thumb|Headwaters Park is the site of several community festivals.]]
{{See also|List of parks in Fort Wayne, Indiana}}
Fort Wayne's first park (and smallest), the 0.2 acre (800 m²) Old Fort Park, was established in 1863. The newest developed park includes Buckner Park, established in 2004. Franke Park is Fort Wayne's most extensive park, at {{convert|316.4|acre|km2|1}}, also the home of the [[Fort Wayne Children's Zoo]] (ranked fifth best zoo in the nation by [[Parents (magazine)|Parents magazine]] in 2009). Downtown Fort Wayne is home to the [[Foellinger-Freimann Botanical Conservatory]] and the {{convert|20000|sqft|m2|sing=on}} Lawton Skatepark. As of 2007, Fort Wayne Parks and Recreation maintained 84 parks and dozens of smaller community parks and playgrounds, covering {{convert|2,805|acre|km2|0}}. Allen County Parks include Cook's Landing County Park, Fox Island County Park, Metea County Park, and Payton County Park, all four of which cover nearly {{convert|900|acre|km2|1}}. Northeast of Fort Wayne, near [[Grabill, Indiana|Grabill]], is Hurshtown Reservoir, the largest body of water in Allen County, at {{convert|240|acre|km2|1}}.
[[Image:Freimann Square.JPG|left|200px|thumb|Downtown Fort Wayne, as seen from Freimann Square.]]
Fort Wayne is also making efforts in restoring natural [[wetlands]] to the region. In southwest Allen County, the Little River Wetlands Project's Eagle Marsh contains {{convert|705|acres|2|abbr=on}} of protected wetlands, making it one of the largest wetland restorations in the state of Indiana. Nearby Arrowhead Marsh is also in the process of restoration. Many species of turtles, herons, and cranes have been reported of making a resurgence in the wetlands.
Trails
[[File:Fort Wayne Trail Bridge St Joe River.jpg|thumb|right|Pedestrian bridge on [[St. Joseph River (Maumee River)|St. Joseph River]] at the Northern end of [[Fort Wayne Rivergreenway|St Joseph Pathway]] near [[Indiana University–Purdue University Fort Wayne]].]]
In recent decades, Fort Wayne has developed new paths and paved walking trails along the riverbanks, known as the [[Fort Wayne Rivergreenway|Rivergreenway]], not only to beautify the riverfronts, but to also promote healthier living habits for residents around the community. As of 2011, the Rivergreenway and additional trails now encompass {{convert|66|mi|km}} throughout the city and county. The Rivergreenway was designated as a [[National Recreation Trail]] in 2009.
It was announced November 2007, that the [[Indiana Department of Transportation]] (INDOT) had awarded the City of Fort Wayne nearly $1 million to aid in construction that will soon begin on a new extension of the Fort Wayne Trail Network, called the Pufferbelly Trail, that will eventually link the Fort Wayne Children's Zoo in Franke Park and the northern suburbs of Fort Wayne with the rest of the trail system. The final plan includes joining [[Pokagon State Park]] near [[Angola, Indiana]] in the north, and [[Ouabache State Park]] in the south near [[Bluffton, Indiana]].
In the spring of 2008, [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] affiliate WPTA-TV received $10,000 in seed money from the reality television series [[Oprah's Big Give]] which was then received by Aboite New Trails, Fort Wayne Trails, Greenway Consortium, and Northwest Allen Trails, four organizations in Fort Wayne. The donations topped $1 million April 12, 2008 at a community celebration named Oprah's Big Give: Fort Wayne Trails in Headwaters Park with [[Indianapolis Colts]] Coach [[Tony Dungy]] and players in attendance. On April 21, 2008, Fort Wayne was featured on a segment of [[The Oprah Winfrey Show]] in recognition for raising the most money of the ninety participating cities in the country. The final total rounded-out to $1.2 million.
In March 2009, Mayor Tom Henry announced plans for the placement of three [[bicycle lanes]] on streets throughout the city in response to a survey conducted in the fall of 2008 in which thousands answered regarding the need for such lanes in the community.
Education
[[Image:US-IN-Allen County School Districts.png|thumb|right|200px|Public school districts: [[East Allen County Schools]] (yellow), [[Fort Wayne Community Schools]] (pink), [[Northwest Allen County Schools]] (blue), and [[Southwest Allen County Schools]] (green).]]
Fort Wayne is home to [[Indiana University–Purdue University Fort Wayne]] (IPFW), with an enrollment of 14,190, it is the fifth-largest [[public university]] campus in Indiana. The city also holds the main campus of the Northeast Region of [[Ivy Tech Community College]], the second-largest public [[community college]] campus in Indiana. [[Indiana University]] maintains the third public higher educational facility in the city with the Fort Wayne Center for Medical Education, a branch of the IU School of Medicine.
Religious-affiliated schools in the city include the [[University of Saint Francis (Indiana)|University of Saint Francis]] (Roman Catholic), [[Concordia Theological Seminary]] ([[Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod|Lutheran]]), and [[Indiana Wesleyan University]] ([[Wesleyan Church]]). Business and technical schools include [[Indiana Institute of Technology]] (IIT) as well as regional branches of [[Trine University]], [[MedTech College]], [[Brown Mackie College - Fort Wayne|Brown Mackie College]], [[Harrison College (Indiana)|Harrison College]], [[ITT Technical Institute]], and [[International Business College Fort Wayne, IN|International Business College]].
Public education is offered in the four districts of [[East Allen County Schools]], [[Fort Wayne Community Schools]], [[Northwest Allen County Schools]], and [[Southwest Allen County Schools]]. By means of private education, the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Fort Wayne-South Bend]] operate 13 schools within Allen County, while [[Indiana District (LCMS)|Lutheran Schools of Indiana]] operate 14 schools within the county. In addition, [[Blackhawk Christian School]] and [[Canterbury School (Fort Wayne, Indiana)|Canterbury School]] offer private K-12 education in Fort Wayne, while Amish Parochial Schools of Indiana has schools through eighth grade in rural eastern Allen County.[http://mustang.doe.state.in.us/SEARCH/snapcorp.cfm?corp=9235]
Libraries
Fort Wayne and Allen County residents have been served by the [[Allen County Public Library]] (ACPL) and its 14 branches since its founding in 1895 as the Fort Wayne Public Library. The entire library system began an $84.1 million overhaul of its branches in 2002, finishing work by 2007. The centerpiece, the Main Library Branch, now covers {{convert|367000|sqft|m2}}, featuring an art gallery, underground parking garage, bookstore, café, and community auditorium. According to 2009 data, over 7.4 million materials were borrowed by patrons, and over 3 million visits were made throughout the library system. The Fred J. Reynolds Historical Genealogy Department, located in the Main Library Branch, is the largest public [[genealogy]] department in the United States, home to more than 350,000 printed volumes and 513,000 items of [[microfilm]] and [[microfiche]].
In 1997, Places Rated Almanac recognized Fort Wayne as having the highest reading quotient of any place in North America, due in part to the city's quality library system.
Airports
[[Fort Wayne International Airport]] is the state's third-busiest airport behind [[Indianapolis International Airport]] and [[South Bend Regional Airport]], serving almost 650,000 passengers in 2010. Fort Wayne International shares the distinction with [[O'Hare International Airport]] and [[Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport]] as one of three Midwest commercial airports containing a {{convert|12000|ft|m|sing=on}} runway. Fort Wayne International is also homebase for the [[122d Fighter Wing]] of the [[Indiana Air National Guard]]. [[Smith Field (Indiana)|Smith Field]], in northern Fort Wayne, is used primarily for small aircraft and pilot education and training.
Railroads
[[Image:Penn Station Ft W IN 1.jpg|thumb|200px|Baker Street Station has stood as a landmark to the city's railroad history since opening March 23, 1914.]]
Until November 10, 1990, Fort Wayne was served by [[Amtrak]]'s [[Broadway Limited]] (Chicago—Pittsburgh—New York). [[Conrail]]'s proposed abandonment of a line between [[Gary, Indiana]] and [[Valparaiso, Indiana]] forced Amtrak to re-route the train further north through [[Nappanee, Indiana]]. Amtrak's nearest station to Fort Wayne is in [[Waterloo (Amtrak station)|Waterloo]], located some {{convert|25|mi|km}} to the north. [[Thruway Motorcoach]], a dedicated bus service between Fort Wayne and Waterloo, ended in 1994. Recently, there has been momentum to bring passenger rail service back to the city in the form of Amtrak or other high-speed rail service.
Interstates
*[[Image:I-69.svg|22px]] [[Interstate 69]] runs south to [[Indianapolis]] and north to [[Port Huron, Michigan]], straddling the west and north fringes of Fort Wayne
*[[Image:I-469.svg|22px]] [[Interstate 469]] (Ronald Reagan Expressway) completes a beltway around Fort Wayne and New Haven's southern and eastern outskirts
[[United States Numbered Highways|U.S. Routes]]
[[Image:US-IN-Allen County Municipalities.png|thumb|250px|This map shows Fort Wayne's relations with nearby municipalities and major roadways.]]
Indiana State Roads
Airport Expressway, a four-lane divided highway, provides direct access to Fort Wayne International Airport from Interstate 69.
Mass transit
Fort Wayne's [[mass transit]] system is managed by the Fort Wayne Public Transportation Corporation. [[Fort Wayne Citilink|Citilink]] provides bus service via twelve routes through the cities of Fort Wayne and [[New Haven, Indiana|New Haven]]. CampusLink, which debuted in 2009, is a free shuttle service for students, faculty, and the general public to travel between Ivy Tech's Coliseum and North campuses, IPFW and its student housing on the Waterfield Campus, and shopping and residential areas. The system's annual ridership is 2.2 million.
Fort Wayne is served by two intercity bus providers: [[Greyhound Lines]] (Indianapolis—Toledo—Detroit) and [[Lakefront Lines]] (Chicago—Columbus—Akron).
Health care
Fort Wayne is served by six hospitals; [[Parkview Hospital]], [[Lutheran Hospital of Indiana]], [[St. Joseph Hospital (Fort Wayne, Indiana)|St. Joseph Hospital]], [[Dupont Hospital]], Rehabilitation Hospital of Fort Wayne, and Parkview North Hospital, encompassing over 1,300 patient beds. These six hospitals belong to either of the two health networks serving the region: Parkview Health System or Lutheran Health Network.
Utilities
Electricity is provided to Fort Wayne residents by [[American Electric Power|Indiana Michigan Power]]. [[NiSource|Northern Indiana Public Service Company]] provides residents with natural gas. The City of Fort Wayne supplies residents with {{convert|72|e6USgal|m3}} of water per day via the Three Rivers Water Filtration Plant and Saint Joseph River. Hurshtown Reservoir, in northeast Allen County, contains {{convert|1.8|e9USgal|m3}} of water to be rationed in the event of a major drought or disaster at the three rivers. The City of Fort Wayne also provides residents with [[sewage treatment]] and offers a full [[waste collection]] service.
See also
{{Portal|Indiana}}
*[[List of public art in Fort Wayne, Indiana]]
*[[Glenbrook Square]]
*[[Jefferson Pointe]]
*[[List of Fort Wayne, Indiana neighborhoods]]
*[[List of people from Fort Wayne, Indiana]]
*[[Northern Indiana]]
*[[Siege of Fort Wayne]]
Further reading
*Beaty, John D., History of Fort Wayne & Allen County, Indiana, 1700–2005, M.T. Publishing Company, 2006, ISBN 1-932439-44-7
*Bushnell, Scott M., Historic Photos of Fort Wayne, Turner Publishing Company, 2007, ISBN 9781596523777
*Gramling, Chad, Baseball in Fort Wayne, [[Arcadia Publishing]], 2007, ISBN 9780738541297
*Griswold, Bert J., Fort Wayne, Gateway of the West, AMS Press, 1973, ISBN 0-404-07133-3
*Hawfield, Michael C., Fort Wayne Cityscapes: Highlights of a Community's History, Windsor Publications, 1988, ISBN 0-89781-244-1
*Paddock, Geoff, Headwaters Park: Fort Wayne's Lasting Legacy, Arcadia Publishing, 2002, ISBN 0-7385-1971-5
* Seigel, Peggy, “Pushing the Color Line: Race and Employment in Fort Wayne, Indiana, 1933–1963,” Indiana Magazine of History, 104 (Sept. 2008), 241–76
*Violette, Ralph, Fort Wayne, Indiana, Arcadia Publishing, 2000, ISBN 0752413090
External links
{{Commons category|Fort Wayne, Indiana}}
*[http://www.cityoffortwayne.org/ City of Fort Wayne official website]
*[http://www.theallianceonline.com/ Fort Wayne–Allen County Economic Development Alliance]
*[http://www.fwchamber.org/ Greater Fort Wayne Chamber of Commerce]
*[http://downtownfortwayne.com/index.php?cat=0 The Downtown Improvement District]
*[http://www.visitfortwayne.com/ Visit Fort Wayne]
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