Formannskapsdistrikt

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Formannskapsdistrikt

Formannskaps-distrikt was the name for a Norwegian

Norway

Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a constitutional monarchy in Northern Europe that occupies the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula....
local self-government districts put into force in 1838. This system of municipality

Municipality

A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a city, town, or village, or a small grouping of them....
was created in a bill approved by the Storting

Storting

The Storting is the Norway Parliament, and is located in the capital city Oslo. It sits in the Storting building which was completed in 1866 and was designed by the Sweden architect Emil Victor Langlet....
and signed into law by King Carl Johan

Charles XIV John of Sweden

Charles XIV & III John , born Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, later renamed Jean-Baptiste Jules Bernadotte was King of Sweden and King of Norway from 1818 until his death....
on 14 January 1837. The law, which fulfilled an express requirement of the Constitution of Norway

Constitution of Norway

The Constitution of Norway was first adopted on May 16, 1814 by the Norwegian Constituent Assembly at Eidsvoll , then signed and dated May 17....
, required that every parish (in Norwegian prestegjeld) form a formannsskapsdistrikt 1 January 1838. In this way, the Norwegian State Church districts of the country became worldly, administrative districts as well.

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Encyclopedia

Formannskaps-distrikt was the name for a Norwegian

Norway

Municipality

Storting

Charles XIV John of Sweden

Constitution of Norway

25 cities/towns
3 cities/towns with rural districts
12 lading places
1 district consisting of two (very small) lading places
3 rural districts with dependent lading places
1 port and naval base
1 rural district with dependent mining town
350 rural districts

See below for details broken down into counties.

The introduction of self-government in rural districts was a major political change. The Norwegian farm culture

Norwegian farm culture

The Norwegian farm culture or bondekultur was a rural civilization which assumed a form in Viking Age Norway retained with little change into the age of firearms, and in many respects even to the early 20th Century....
(bondekultur) that emerged came to serve as a symbol of nationalistic resistance to the forced union with Sweden

Union between Sweden and Norway

The Union between Sweden and Norway , was the union of the kingdoms of Sweden and Norway between 1814 and 1905, when they were united under one monarch in a personal union, following the Treaty of Kiel, the declaration of Norway in 1814, a Swedish campaign against Norway , the Convention of Moss, on August 14, 1814, and the Norwegian constitu...
. The legislation of 1837 gave both the towns and the rural areas the same institutions: a minor change for the town, but a major advance for the rural communities. The significance of this legislation is hailed by a nationalistic historian, J.E. Sars”:

“So great an advance in relation to the political development of the people that on that account it can almost be placed alongside the Constitution. By it the free constitution was given a broad basis to rest upon and be nourished from, and became related to the daily life and activity of the people in such a way that its principles could penetrate everywhere and be most effectively acquired… There was at that time scarcely any European state where local self-government was so well organized & so widely ramified as it became in Norway by the legislation of 1837.”

In 1853 the land registration law superseded the formannsskapsdistrikt by introduction of a new designation, the municipality

Municipalities of Norway

||}Norway is divided into 19 administrative regions, called county , and 430 municipality . The capital city Oslo is considered both a county and a municipality....
(in Norwegian herred). Two forms of municipality were created: rural and city. Each district was to elect a body of select men of no less than 12 members (in Norwegian) and no more than 48 members. This body selected a quarter of their members as a committee which, together with the local magistrate, established taxes to be levied and improvements to be performed in the district. The local chairman also represented the municipality at the county

Counties of Norway

||-||}Norway is divided into 19 subnational, called county . The counties form the primary first-level subdivisions of Norway and are further divided into 431 Municipalities of Norway ....
level.

Almost one century later (1936) a local self-government district law was enacted which created 682 rural municipalities (landkommuner) and 65 city municipalities (bykommuner) in Norway. Among the city municipalities, 43 had the status of town

Market town

Market town or market right is a law term, originating in the medieval period, for a European settlement that has the right to host Market, distinguishing them from villages and city....
(kjøpstad) and 22 were recognized harbors for export/import (ladested).

Formannskapsdistrikt of 1838

Remarks

^APart of Akershus amt until 1842.

^BPart of Finmarkens amt until 1866.

¹Cities/towns with rural districts.

²Consisting of two minor lading places.

³Rural districts with dependent lading places.

⁴Port and naval base.

⁵Rural district with dependent mining town.