Football Association of Indonesia
Encyclopedia
The Football Association of Indonesia or PSSI (Indonesian language
: Persatuan Sepak bola Seluruh Indonesia; sometimes translated as All Indonesia's Football Association) is the governing body of football in Indonesia
. It was founded on April 19, 1930, 15 years before Indonesian independence. PSSI joined the Asian Football Confederation
in 1954 and FIFA
in 1952 and on the current international football list, Indonesian football is listed at 129th place.
in 1928. In Indonesia, he worked at a Dutch company in Yogyakarta and became the first Indonesian to work at that company. However, later he resigned from the company and became more active in the revolutionary
movement. As a man who loved football, he realised that football could be one of Indonesia's "weapons" to gather Indonesian men and forced the Dutch colonies to leave Indonesia.
To accomplish his mission, Soeratin held many meetings with Indonesian football professional
players at that time, mostly through personal contact since they wanted to avoid the Dutch police
. Later, at a meeting that was held in Jakarta
with Soeri, the head of Vetbalbond Indonesische Jakarta (VIJ), and other players, they decided to establish a national football organization. On April 19, 1930, almost all non-national organizations, such as Voetbalbond Indonesische Jakarta
(Jakarta), Bandoengsche Indonesische Voetbal Bond (Bandung
), Persatuan Sepakbola Mataram (Yogyakarta
), Madioensche Voetbal Bond (Madiun
), Indonesische Voetbal Bond Magelang (Magelang
), Soerabajashe Indonesische Voetbal Bond (Surabaya
), and Vortenlandsche Voetbal Bond (Solo
) gathered at the final meeting and established Persatoean Sepakbola Seloeroeh Indonesia (Football Association of Indonesia or PSSI) with Soeratin as the first leader.
In PSSI's earlier years, they mainly used football as a method to resist the Dutch control of the colonies by gathering all the footballers which mostly were men. Later, because PSSI became stronger. In 1936, NIVB was changed to NIVU (Nederlandsh Indische Voetbal Unie) and cooperation with the Dutch began. In 1938, with "Dutch East Indies" as a name, NIVU sent their team to the 1938 World Cup
. However, most the players came from NIVU, instead of PSSI, although there were 9 Tionghoa/"pribumi" players. As a result, Soeratin expressed his protest since he wanted a match between NIVU and PSSI before the world cup. In addition, he was also disgraced because the flag
that was used at the world cup was the NIVU's (Dutch
)'s flag. Soeratin then cancelled the agreement with NIVU and Muhammad Rizki at the PSSI congress in 1939 in Solo.
When the Japan
ese armies came to Indonesia, PSSI became inactive because Japan classified PSSI as a Tai Iku Kais organization, or a Japanese sport association.
On April 4, 2011 FIFA devolved the current PSSI executive committee of all of its responsibilities after FIFA's emergencies committee decreed it was "not in control of football in Indonesia" and had lost "all credibility."
On 9 July 2011 Djohar Arifin Husein was elected chairman of the PSSI period from 2011 to 2015 through extraordinary congress in Solo. Djohar was elected after defeating the other candidate is Agusman Effendi through two rounds of elections. In the first round of Djohar won 53 votes while Agusman Effendi, who obtained 39 votes, because it has not met 67 percent of the total vote. Thus, a second round of election held. Djohar confirmed as chairman of the PSSI after bagging 61 votes. Djohar beat Agusman who only get 38 votes. While an invalid votes.
In the world of sports, Djohar name was familiar. He had been Secretary General of the National Olympic Committee of Indonesia and was the Regional Board of North Sumatra PSSI
There are other football competitions in national level, namely the National Youth League (U-15), Indonesian Women Football Tournament, Indonesian National Futsal League
and Indonesia Super League U-21 which is held in parallel with the ISL.
Furthermore, each regional level (and lower) football associations in the country have their own annual amateur football competition structure involving local clubs.
) which is responsible for the super league and premier division, the Board for Amateur Leagues for the first, second and third divisions, Board for National Team
(BTN) for national teams and Board for Futsal National Team
(BFN) for national futsal teams.
, had been sentenced to jail in regards of corruption. Although, he has been urged to resign from the position, he persisted, suspectedly, protected by one of the political party leader in the country. Strangely, although at first FIFA did some questioning about the case, and the statute in FIFA clearly stated that "...must not have been previously found guilty of a criminal offence and...", at the end FIFA did not do much about it.
At the end of 2010, during the AFF Cup final between Indonesia and Malaysia, Nurdin Halid accepted lunch invitation from Aburizal Bakrie
to Indonesia National Team. In that time, the national team was in their final preparation for the finals before disrupted by the lunch invitation and another ceremony accepted by Nurdin Halid. This cause outrage in the country since, it is viewed as the National Team was used to propel the image of political figure. Nurdin Halid is a member of political party Golkar
, led by Aburizal Bakrie. At the end, Indonesia lost from Malaysia with the aggregate 4-2
In January 2011, someone with the name of "Eli Cohen" has sent an email to the President of Indonesia and few other Indonesia leaders indicating bribery in AFF Cup final by the officers of PSSI. He wrote that the officers gained billions of rupiah from the bet to prepare the campaign in the next PSSI congress. This case is under investigation.
On April 1, 2011 FIFA
's emergency committee met and announced on April 4, 2011 that control of the PSSI would pass to a normalisation committee made up of personalities in Indonesian football to oversee presidential elections by 21 May. It also barred Halid from standing, along with three other candidates - George Toisutta, Arifin Panigora and Nirwan Bakrie - from standing. FIFA also devolved the current PSSI executive committee of all of its responsibilities after FIFA's emergencies committee decreed it was "not in control of football in Indonesia" and had lost "all credibility." In a statement released on April 4, 2011, FIFA said that the current PSSI leadership's lack of control over Indonesian football was evidenced by "the failure to gain control of the run-away league (Liga Premiere, LPI) set up without the involvement of PSSI or by the fact it could not organise a congress whose sole goals were to adopt an electoral code and elect an electoral commission." It said that its emergency committee had concluded that the PSSI leadership "had lost all credibility" and was no longer "in a position anymore to lead the process to solve the current crisis."
A normalisation committee made up of personalities in Indonesian football who are not seeking electoral office or a position on an electoral commission is to take over running of Indonesian football until new leadership is elected by May 21.
Indonesian language
Indonesian is the official language of Indonesia. Indonesian is a normative form of the Riau Islands dialect of Malay, an Austronesian language which has been used as a lingua franca in the Indonesian archipelago for centuries....
: Persatuan Sepak bola Seluruh Indonesia; sometimes translated as All Indonesia's Football Association) is the governing body of football in Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
. It was founded on April 19, 1930, 15 years before Indonesian independence. PSSI joined the Asian Football Confederation
Asian Football Confederation
The Asian Football Confederation is the governing body of association football in Asia. It has 46 member countries, mostly located on the Asian continent. However, due to the disputed boundary of Europe and Asia, nations such as Russia and Turkey which are located mostly in geographic Asia are...
in 1954 and FIFA
FIFA
The Fédération Internationale de Football Association , commonly known by the acronym FIFA , is the international governing body of :association football, futsal and beach football. Its headquarters are located in Zurich, Switzerland, and its president is Sepp Blatter, who is in his fourth...
in 1952 and on the current international football list, Indonesian football is listed at 129th place.
History
PSSI was established by a [person] named Soeratin Sosrosoegondo, who graduated in harvord and came back to IndonesiaIndonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
in 1928. In Indonesia, he worked at a Dutch company in Yogyakarta and became the first Indonesian to work at that company. However, later he resigned from the company and became more active in the revolutionary
Revolutionary
A revolutionary is a person who either actively participates in, or advocates revolution. Also, when used as an adjective, the term revolutionary refers to something that has a major, sudden impact on society or on some aspect of human endeavor.-Definition:...
movement. As a man who loved football, he realised that football could be one of Indonesia's "weapons" to gather Indonesian men and forced the Dutch colonies to leave Indonesia.
To accomplish his mission, Soeratin held many meetings with Indonesian football professional
Professional
A professional is a person who is paid to undertake a specialised set of tasks and to complete them for a fee. The traditional professions were doctors, lawyers, clergymen, and commissioned military officers. Today, the term is applied to estate agents, surveyors , environmental scientists,...
players at that time, mostly through personal contact since they wanted to avoid the Dutch police
Police
The police is a personification of the state designated to put in practice the enforced law, protect property and reduce civil disorder in civilian matters. Their powers include the legitimized use of force...
. Later, at a meeting that was held in Jakarta
Jakarta
Jakarta is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Officially known as the Special Capital Territory of Jakarta, it is located on the northwest coast of Java, has an area of , and a population of 9,580,000. Jakarta is the country's economic, cultural and political centre...
with Soeri, the head of Vetbalbond Indonesische Jakarta (VIJ), and other players, they decided to establish a national football organization. On April 19, 1930, almost all non-national organizations, such as Voetbalbond Indonesische Jakarta
Persija Jakarta
Persija Jakarta is an Indonesian football club from Jakarta. It is one of Indonesia's most successful clubs and the most popular sports club in the city. The club's patron is Sutiyoso, the governor of Jakarta until 2007. Persija Jakarta was founded on November 28, 1928, with the embryo called...
(Jakarta), Bandoengsche Indonesische Voetbal Bond (Bandung
Bandung
Bandung is the capital of West Java province in Indonesia, and the country's third largest city, and 2nd largest metropolitan area in Indonesia, with a population of 7.4 million in 2007. Located 768 metres above sea level, approximately 140 km southeast of Jakarta, Bandung has cooler...
), Persatuan Sepakbola Mataram (Yogyakarta
Yogyakarta (city)
Yogyakarta is a city in the Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. It is renowned as a centre of classical Javanese fine art and culture such as batik, ballet, drama, music, poetry, and puppet shows. Yogyakarta was the Indonesian capital during the Indonesian National Revolution from 1945 to...
), Madioensche Voetbal Bond (Madiun
Madiun
Madiun is a city in the western part of the province of East Java Indonesia, an agricultural centre. It is the capital of the regency of the same name....
), Indonesische Voetbal Bond Magelang (Magelang
Magelang
Magelang is one of the largest cities of the 1,130 km² Magelang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. It is also the largest town in the Kedu Plain between Mount Merbabu and Mount Sumbing in Central Java, Indonesia...
), Soerabajashe Indonesische Voetbal Bond (Surabaya
Surabaya
Surabaya is Indonesia's second-largest city with a population of over 2.7 million , and the capital of the province of East Java...
), and Vortenlandsche Voetbal Bond (Solo
Surakarta
Surakarta, also called Solo or Sala, is a city in Central Java, Indonesia of more than 520,061 people with a population density of 11,811.5 people/km2. The 44 km2 city adjoins Karanganyar Regency and Boyolali Regency to the north, Karanganyar Regency and Sukoharjo Regency to the east and...
) gathered at the final meeting and established Persatoean Sepakbola Seloeroeh Indonesia (Football Association of Indonesia or PSSI) with Soeratin as the first leader.
In PSSI's earlier years, they mainly used football as a method to resist the Dutch control of the colonies by gathering all the footballers which mostly were men. Later, because PSSI became stronger. In 1936, NIVB was changed to NIVU (Nederlandsh Indische Voetbal Unie) and cooperation with the Dutch began. In 1938, with "Dutch East Indies" as a name, NIVU sent their team to the 1938 World Cup
FIFA World Cup
The FIFA World Cup, often simply the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of Fédération Internationale de Football Association , the sport's global governing body...
. However, most the players came from NIVU, instead of PSSI, although there were 9 Tionghoa/"pribumi" players. As a result, Soeratin expressed his protest since he wanted a match between NIVU and PSSI before the world cup. In addition, he was also disgraced because the flag
Flag
A flag is a piece of fabric with a distinctive design that is usually rectangular and used as a symbol, as a signaling device, or decoration. The term flag is also used to refer to the graphic design employed by a flag, or to its depiction in another medium.The first flags were used to assist...
that was used at the world cup was the NIVU's (Dutch
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
)'s flag. Soeratin then cancelled the agreement with NIVU and Muhammad Rizki at the PSSI congress in 1939 in Solo.
When the Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
ese armies came to Indonesia, PSSI became inactive because Japan classified PSSI as a Tai Iku Kais organization, or a Japanese sport association.
On April 4, 2011 FIFA devolved the current PSSI executive committee of all of its responsibilities after FIFA's emergencies committee decreed it was "not in control of football in Indonesia" and had lost "all credibility."
On 9 July 2011 Djohar Arifin Husein was elected chairman of the PSSI period from 2011 to 2015 through extraordinary congress in Solo. Djohar was elected after defeating the other candidate is Agusman Effendi through two rounds of elections. In the first round of Djohar won 53 votes while Agusman Effendi, who obtained 39 votes, because it has not met 67 percent of the total vote. Thus, a second round of election held. Djohar confirmed as chairman of the PSSI after bagging 61 votes. Djohar beat Agusman who only get 38 votes. While an invalid votes.
In the world of sports, Djohar name was familiar. He had been Secretary General of the National Olympic Committee of Indonesia and was the Regional Board of North Sumatra PSSI
National teams
Currently, Indonesia has the following football national teams:- Indonesia national football teamIndonesia national football teamThe Indonesia national football team represents Indonesia in international football. It is controlled by the Football Association of Indonesia . Prior to independence in 1945, the team competed as the Dutch East Indies national football team. Under this name, Indonesia was the first Asian team to...
- Indonesia national under-23 football team
- Indonesia national under-21 football team
- Indonesia national under-19 football team
- Indonesia national under-16 football teamIndonesia national under-16 football teamIndonesia national under-16 football team represents Indonesia in international football competitions such as AFC U-16 Championship, AFF U-16 Youth Championships any other under-16 international football tournaments...
- Indonesia national futsal teamIndonesia national futsal teamIndonesian national futsal team has played seven times at the ASEAN Futsal Championship and six times in AFC Futsal Championship. The team has won the ASEAN Futsal Championship once in 2010.-FIFA Futsal World Championship:-AFC Futsal Championship:...
- Indonesia national women's football team
Club competitions
PSSI has five levels of national football league, which are Indonesia Super League (ISL), Premier Division, First Division, Second Division and Third Division. The top three levels of the structure are professional competitions, whereas the rest are amateur competitions.There are other football competitions in national level, namely the National Youth League (U-15), Indonesian Women Football Tournament, Indonesian National Futsal League
Indonesian Futsal League
Indonesian Futsal League is the official main competition for professional futsal clubs in Indonesia...
and Indonesia Super League U-21 which is held in parallel with the ISL.
Furthermore, each regional level (and lower) football associations in the country have their own annual amateur football competition structure involving local clubs.
Chairmen
- Soeratin Sosrosoegondo (1930–1940)
- Artono Martosoewignyo (1941–1949)
- Maladi (1950–1959)
- Abdul Wahab Djojohadikusumo (1960–1964)
- Maulwi Saelan (1964–1967)
- Kosaish Poerwanegara (1967–1974)
- Bardosono (1975–1977)
- Moehono (1977)
- Ali SadikinAli SadikinAli Sadikin was an Indonesian politician. He was often called Bang Ali. He served as the governor of Jakarta, the country's capital, from 1966 to 1977. Appointed by a weak Sukarno, he likely had the full approval of Suharto. A former marine, he saw the city as a battlefield...
(1978–1981) - Syarnoebi Said (1982–1983)
- Kardono (1983–1991)
- Azwar AnasAzwar AnasAzwar Anas is a former Indonesian politician. Born in Padang, West Sumatra on 2 August 1931, he was a minister in Suharto's New Order administration for two terms . Before sat as a minister, he was selected as the governor of West Sumatra. He was completed his education in Bandung Institute of...
(1991–1999) - Agum GumelarAgum GumelarAgum Gumelar is an Indonesian military, politician and sportsman. He is a former minister having held several positions, a retired military officer and a former chairman of Indonesian Football Association and National Sports Committee of Indonesia, a former Indonesian Vice President candidate and...
(1999–2003) - Nurdin HalidNurdin HalidNurdin Halid is an Indonesian businessman and politician. He was the Chairman of the Football Association of Indonesia from 2004 to 2011...
(2003–2011) - Agum GumelarAgum GumelarAgum Gumelar is an Indonesian military, politician and sportsman. He is a former minister having held several positions, a retired military officer and a former chairman of Indonesian Football Association and National Sports Committee of Indonesia, a former Indonesian Vice President candidate and...
(normalization committee chairman, 4 April until 9 July 2011) - Djohar Arifin Husin (2011–2015)
Boards
PSSI has 4 organizations in its organizational structure, namely: the Liga Indonesia Inc. (or PT. Liga Indonesia in IndonesianIndonesian language
Indonesian is the official language of Indonesia. Indonesian is a normative form of the Riau Islands dialect of Malay, an Austronesian language which has been used as a lingua franca in the Indonesian archipelago for centuries....
) which is responsible for the super league and premier division, the Board for Amateur Leagues for the first, second and third divisions, Board for National Team
Indonesia national football team
The Indonesia national football team represents Indonesia in international football. It is controlled by the Football Association of Indonesia . Prior to independence in 1945, the team competed as the Dutch East Indies national football team. Under this name, Indonesia was the first Asian team to...
(BTN) for national teams and Board for Futsal National Team
Indonesia national futsal team
Indonesian national futsal team has played seven times at the ASEAN Futsal Championship and six times in AFC Futsal Championship. The team has won the ASEAN Futsal Championship once in 2010.-FIFA Futsal World Championship:-AFC Futsal Championship:...
(BFN) for national futsal teams.
Controversies and Critics
The incumbent Chairman of PSSI, Nurdin HalidNurdin Halid
Nurdin Halid is an Indonesian businessman and politician. He was the Chairman of the Football Association of Indonesia from 2004 to 2011...
, had been sentenced to jail in regards of corruption. Although, he has been urged to resign from the position, he persisted, suspectedly, protected by one of the political party leader in the country. Strangely, although at first FIFA did some questioning about the case, and the statute in FIFA clearly stated that "...must not have been previously found guilty of a criminal offence and...", at the end FIFA did not do much about it.
At the end of 2010, during the AFF Cup final between Indonesia and Malaysia, Nurdin Halid accepted lunch invitation from Aburizal Bakrie
Aburizal Bakrie
In this Indonesian name, the name "Bakrie" is a family name, and the person should be referred to by the family name "Bakrie".Aburizal Bakrie is an Indonesian entrepreneur and politician.- Family business :...
to Indonesia National Team. In that time, the national team was in their final preparation for the finals before disrupted by the lunch invitation and another ceremony accepted by Nurdin Halid. This cause outrage in the country since, it is viewed as the National Team was used to propel the image of political figure. Nurdin Halid is a member of political party Golkar
Golkar
The Party of the Functional Groups is a political party in Indonesia. It is also known as Sekber Golkar . It was the ruling party during Suharto's regime...
, led by Aburizal Bakrie. At the end, Indonesia lost from Malaysia with the aggregate 4-2
In January 2011, someone with the name of "Eli Cohen" has sent an email to the President of Indonesia and few other Indonesia leaders indicating bribery in AFF Cup final by the officers of PSSI. He wrote that the officers gained billions of rupiah from the bet to prepare the campaign in the next PSSI congress. This case is under investigation.
On April 1, 2011 FIFA
FIFA
The Fédération Internationale de Football Association , commonly known by the acronym FIFA , is the international governing body of :association football, futsal and beach football. Its headquarters are located in Zurich, Switzerland, and its president is Sepp Blatter, who is in his fourth...
's emergency committee met and announced on April 4, 2011 that control of the PSSI would pass to a normalisation committee made up of personalities in Indonesian football to oversee presidential elections by 21 May. It also barred Halid from standing, along with three other candidates - George Toisutta, Arifin Panigora and Nirwan Bakrie - from standing. FIFA also devolved the current PSSI executive committee of all of its responsibilities after FIFA's emergencies committee decreed it was "not in control of football in Indonesia" and had lost "all credibility." In a statement released on April 4, 2011, FIFA said that the current PSSI leadership's lack of control over Indonesian football was evidenced by "the failure to gain control of the run-away league (Liga Premiere, LPI) set up without the involvement of PSSI or by the fact it could not organise a congress whose sole goals were to adopt an electoral code and elect an electoral commission." It said that its emergency committee had concluded that the PSSI leadership "had lost all credibility" and was no longer "in a position anymore to lead the process to solve the current crisis."
A normalisation committee made up of personalities in Indonesian football who are not seeking electoral office or a position on an electoral commission is to take over running of Indonesian football until new leadership is elected by May 21.
Sponsorship
- NikeNike, Inc.Nike, Inc. is a major publicly traded sportswear and equipment supplier based in the United States. The company is headquartered near Beaverton, Oregon, which is part of the Portland metropolitan area...
- PertaminaPertaminaPertamina is an Indonesian government-owned corporation which extracts and refines the country's oil and gas reserves. It was created in August 1968 by the merger of Pertamin and Permina...
- Semen PadangPadang CementPT. Padang Cement is the oldest cement manufacturer in Indonesia. The company was founded on 18 March 1910, as NV Nederlandsche Indische Portland Cement Maastschappij or NIPCM.The company owns the football club Semen Padang F.C....
- Bukit Asam
- Telkom Indonesia
- Bank MandiriBank MandiriBank Mandiri , headquartered in Jakarta, is the largest bank in Indonesia in term of assets, loans and deposits. Total assets as of Q2 2010 were IDR 402.1 trillion . It also has Capital Adequacy Ratio of 23% , Return on Asset of 0.71 %, and Return on Equity of 7.38 %...
- SCTVSCTV (Indonesia)Surya Citra Televisi is an Indonesian television station. Its headquarters are in South Jakarta. It began broadcasting on 24 August 1990 in Surabaya, East Java, broadcasting only to the city and surrounding area. At this point the programming was similar to that of RCTI and used some of their news...
External links
- Official website
- Indonesia at FIFA site
- Indonesia at AFC site