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A Phytochorion, in phytogeography
Phytogeography

Phytogeography, also called geobotany, is the branch of biogeography that is concerned with the geographic distribution of plant species, or more generally, plants....
, is a geographic area with a relatively uniform composition of plant species. Adjacent phtyochoria do not usually have a sharp boundary, but rather a soft one, a transitional area in which many species from both regions overlap. The region of overlap is called a vegetation tension zone.

Explanation
Several systems of classifying geographic areas where plants grow have been devised.






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A Phytochorion, in phytogeography
Phytogeography

Phytogeography, also called geobotany, is the branch of biogeography that is concerned with the geographic distribution of plant species, or more generally, plants....
, is a geographic area with a relatively uniform composition of plant species. Adjacent phtyochoria do not usually have a sharp boundary, but rather a soft one, a transitional area in which many species from both regions overlap. The region of overlap is called a vegetation tension zone.

Explanation


Several systems of classifying geographic areas where plants grow have been devised. Most systems are organized hierarchically, with the largest units subdivided into smaller geographic areas, which are made up of smaller floristic communities, and so on. phtyochoria are defined as areas possessing a large number of endemic taxons. Floristic kingdoms are characterized by a high degree of family
Family (biology)

In biological classification, family is a taxonomic rank. Exact details of formal nomenclature depend on the Nomenclature Codes which applies....
 endemism, floristic regions – by a high degree of generic
Genus

A genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the classification of living and fossil organisms. The taxonomic ranks are domain , kingdom , phylum, class , order , family , genus, and species....
 endemism, floristic provinces – by a high degree of species
Species

In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring....
 endemism. Systems of phytochoria have both significant similarities and differences with zoogeographic provinces, which follow the composition of mammal
Mammal

Mammals are a class of vertebrate animals whose name is derived from their distinctive feature, mammary glands, with which they feed their young....
 families
Family (biology)

In biological classification, family is a taxonomic rank. Exact details of formal nomenclature depend on the Nomenclature Codes which applies....
, and with biogeographical provinces or terrestrial ecoregions, which take into account both plant and animal species.

The term phytochorion is especially associated with the classifications according to the methodology of Josias Braun-Blanquet
Josias Braun-Blanquet

Josias Braun-Blanquet was an influential phytosociology and botanist. Braun-Blanquet was born in Chur, Switzerland and died in Montpellier, France....
 , which is tied to the presence or absence of particular species.

Taxonomic databases tend to be organized in ways which approximate floristic provinces, but which are more closely aligned to political boundaries, for example according to the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions
World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions

The World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions is a standard of the International Working Group on Taxonomic Databases that sets out an agreed system for describing plant distributions, approximately down to country level....
.

Floristic kingdoms


Botanist Ronald Good identified six floristic kingdoms (Boreal
Boreal Kingdom

The Boreal Kingdom or Holarctic Kingdom is a floristic kingdom identified by botanist Ronald Good , which includes the temperate-to-arctic portions of North America and Eurasia....
, Neotropical
Neotropic

In biogeography, Neotropic or Neotropical refers to one of the world's eight terrestrial ecozones.This ecozone includes South and Central America, the Mexico lowlands, the Caribbean islands, and southern Florida, because these regions share a large number of plant and animal groups....
, Paleotropical
Paleotropical Kingdom

The Paleotropical Kingdom is a floristic kingdom comprising tropical areas of Africa, Asia and Oceania , as proposed by Ronald Good and Armen Takhtajan....
, South African
Cape floristic region

The Cape floristic region is a floristic region located in South Africa. It is the only floristic region of the Cape Floristic Kingdom, and includes only one floristic province, known as the Cape floristic province....
, Australian, and Antarctic
Antarctic Floristic Kingdom

The Antarctic Floristic Kingdom is a floristic region first identified by botanist Ronald Good , which includes most areas of the world south of 40?S latitude....
), the largest natural units he determined for flowering plants. Good's six kingdoms are subdivided into smaller units, called provinces. The Paleotropical kingdom is divided into three subkingdoms, which are each subdivided into floristic provinces. Each of the other five kingdoms are subdivided directly into provinces. There are a total of 37 floristic provinces. Almost all provinces are further subdivided into floristic regions.

Armen Takhtajan
Armen Takhtajan

Armen Leonovich Takhtajan or Takhtajian , is a Soviet-Armenians botanist, one of the most important figures in 20th century plant evolution and plant taxonomy and biogeography....
, in a widely used scheme that builds on Good's work, identified thirty-five floristic regions, each of which is subdivided into floristic provinces, of which there are 152 in all.

Takhtajan's floristic provinces


Holarctic Kingdom


I. Circumboreal Region
Circumboreal Region

The Circumboreal Region is a floristic region within the Holarctic Kingdom in Eurasia and North America, as delineated by such geobotanists as Josias Braun-Blanquet and Armen Takhtajan....
1 Arctic
2 Atlantic Europe
3 Central Europe
4 Illyria or Balkan
5 Pontus Euxinus
6 Caucasus
Caucasus

The Caucasus or Caucas is a geopolitical region located between Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. It is home to Europe's highest mountain ....
7 Eastern Europe
8 Northern Europe
9 Western Siberia
10 Altai-Sayan
11 Central Siberia
12 Transbaikalia
13 Northeastern Siberia
14 Okhotsk-Kamchatka
15 Canada incl. Great Lakes


II. Eastern Asiatic Region
Eastern Asiatic Region

The Eastern Asiatic Region is the richest floristic region within the Holarctic Kingdom and situated in temperate climate East Asia. It has been recognized as a natural floristic area since 1872 August Grisebach's volume Die Vegetation der Erde and later delineated by such geobotanists as Ludwig Diels, Adolf Engler , Ronald Good and Arm...
16 Manchuria
Manchuria

Manchuria is a historical name given to a vast geographic region in northeast Asia. Depending on the definition of its extent, Manchuria either falls entirely within People's Republic of China, or is divided between China and Russia....
17 Sakhalin
Sakhalin

Sakhalin , also Saghalien, is a large elongated island in the North Pacific, lying between 45?50' and 54?24' N. It is part of Russia and is its largest island, administered as part of Sakhalin Oblast....
-Hokkaido
Hokkaido

, formerly known as Ezo, Yezo, Yeso, or Yesso, is Japan's second largest island and the largest, northernmost of its 47 prefectures of Japan....
18 Japan
Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
-Korea
Korea

Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries, a civilization, and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia....
19 Volcano-Bonin
Ogasawara Islands

The are an archipelago of over 30 subtropical and tropical islands, some 1,000 km directly south of Tokyo, Japan. Administratively, they form one of the villages of Tokyo....
20 Ryukyu or Tokara-Okinawa
21 Taiwan
Taiwan

Taiwan is an island in East Asia. "Taiwan" is also commonly used to refer to the country governed by the Republic of China and to the ROC itself, which governs the island of Taiwan, Orchid Island and Green Island, Taiwan in the Pacific Ocean off the Taiwan coast, the Penghu islands in the Taiwan Strait, and Kinmen and the Matsu Islands...
22 Northern China
23 Central China
24 Southeastern China
25 Sikang-Yuennan
26 Northern Burma
27 Eastern Himalaya
28 Khasi-Manipur


III. North American Atlantic Region
North American Atlantic Region

North American Atlantic Region is a floristic region within the Holarctic Kingdom identified by Armen Takhtajan and Robert F. Thorne, spanning from the East Coast of the United States and Gulf Coast of the United States coasts to the Great Plains and comprising a major part of the United States and southeastern portions of Canada....
29 Appalachian Province (forested areas extending east to include the piedmont
Piedmont (United States)

Piedmont is a plateau region located in the eastern United States between the Atlantic Coastal Plain and the main Appalachian Mountains, stretching from New Jersey in the north to central Alabama in the south....
 and west to the start of the prairies)
30 Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain
31 North American Prairies


IV. Rocky Mountain Region
Rocky Mountain Region

The Rocky Mountain Region is a floristic region within the Holarctic Kingdom in western North America delineated by Armen Takhtajan and Robert F....
32 Vancouver
33 Rocky Mountains
Rocky Mountains

The Rocky Mountains, often called the Rockies, are a mountain range in western North America. The Rocky Mountains stretch more than 4,800 kilometre from the northernmost part of British Columbia, in Canada, to New Mexico, in the United States....


V. Macaronesian Region
Macaronesia

Macaronesia is a modern collective name for several groups of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean near Europe and North Africa belonging to three countries: Portugal, Spain, and Cape Verde....
34 Azores
Azores

The Azores is a Portugal archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, about 1,500 km from Lisbon and about 3,900 km from the east coast of North America....
35 Madeira
Madeira

Madeira is a Portugal archipelago in the north Atlantic Ocean that lies between and . It is one of the Autonomous regions of Portugal, with Madeira Island and Porto Santo Island being the only inhabited islands....
36 Canaries
Canary Islands

The Canary Islands are a Spain archipelago which, in turn, forms one of the Spanish Autonomous Communities and an Outermost Region of the European Union....
37 Cape Verde
Cape Verde

The Republic of Cape Verde , is an archipelago nation located in the Macaronesia ecoregion of the North Atlantic Ocean, off the western coast of Africa....


VI. Mediterranean Region
38 Southern Morocco
39 Southwestern Mediterranean
40 South Mediterranean
41 Iberia
Iberian Peninsula

The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe and includes modern-day Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar and a very small area of France....
42 Baleares
43 Liguria-Tyrrhenia
44 Adriatic
45 East Mediterranean
46 Crimea-Novorossijsk


VII. Saharo-Arabian Region
Saharo-Arabian Region

The Saharo-Arabian Region is a floristic region of the Holarctic Kingdom proposed by Armen Takhtajan. It occupies the temperate parts of the Sahara desert, Sinai Peninsula, Arabian Peninsula , Southern Palestine and Lower Mesopotamia....
47 Sahara
Sahara

The Sahara is the world's largest hot desert. At over 9,000,000 square kilometers , it covers most of Northern Africa, making it almost as large as the United States or the continent of Europe....
48 Egypt-Arabia


VIII. Irano-Turanian Region
49 Mesopotamia
50 Central Anatolia
51 Armenia-Iran
52 Hyrcania
53 Turania or Aralo-Caspia
54 Turkestan
55 Northern Baluchistan
56 Western Himalaya
57 Central Tien Shan
58 Dzungaria-Tien Shan
59 Mongolia
Mongolia

Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia and Central Asia. It borders Russia to the north and People's Republic of China to the south, east and west....
60 Tibet
Tibet

Tibet is a Tibetan Plateau in Asia, north of the Himalayas, and the home to the indigenous Tibetan people and its related ethnic groups. With an average elevation of 4,900 metres , it is the highest region on Earth and has in recent decades increasingly been referred to as the "Roof of the World"....


IX. Madrean Region
Madrean Region

The Madrean Region is a floristic region within the Holarctic Kingdom in North America, as delineated by Armen Takhtajan and Robert F. Thorne. It occupies arid or semiarid areas in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico and is bordered by the Rocky Mountain Region and North American Atlantic Region of the Holarctic Kingdom in...
61 Great Basin
Great Basin

The Great Basin is a large, arid region of the western United States. Its boundaries depend on how it is defined. Its most common definition is the contiguous drainage basin, roughly between the Wasatch Mountains, in Utah and the Sierra Nevada , that has no natural outlet to the sea....
62 California
California Floristic Province

The California Floristic Province is a floristic province with mediterranean climate located on the Pacific Coast of North America with a distinctive flora that bears similarities to floras found in other regions experiencing a winter rainfall, summer drought climate like the Mediterranean Basin....
63 Sonora
Sonoran Desert

The Sonoran Desert is a North American desert which straddles part of the United States-Mexico border and covers large parts of the U.S. states of Arizona and California and the Mexican states of Sonora and Baja California....
64 Mexican Highlands
Madrean pine-oak woodlands

The Madrean pine-oak woodlands are subtropical woodlands found in the mountains of Mexico and the southwestern United States.The Madrean pine-oak woodlands are found at higher elevations in Mexico's major mountain ranges, the Sierra Madre Occidental, the Sierra Madre Oriental, the Trans-Mexican volcanic belt, the Sierra Madre del Sur, the S...


Paleotropical Kingdom
Paleotropical Kingdom

The Paleotropical Kingdom is a floristic kingdom comprising tropical areas of Africa, Asia and Oceania , as proposed by Ronald Good and Armen Takhtajan....


X. Guineo-Congolian Region
65 Upper Guinea
66 Nigeria-Cameroon
67 Congo


XI. Usambara-Zululand Region
68 Zanzibar-Inhambane
69 Tongoland-Pondoland


XII. Sudano-Zambezian Region
70 Zambezi
71 Sahel
Sahel

File:Sahel Map-Africa rough.pngFile:AT0713 map.pngThe Sahel or Sahel Belt is a semi-arid tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands ecoregion in Africa, which forms the transition between the Sahara to the north and the slightly less arid savanna belt to the south, known as the Sudan ....
72 Sudan
73 Somalia-Ethiopia
74 South Arabia
75 Socotra
Socotra

Socotra or Soqotra is a small archipelago of four islands and islets in the Indian Ocean off the coast of the Horn of Africa some south of the Arabian peninsula, belonging to the Yemen....
76 Oman
Oman

Oman , officially the Sultanate of Oman , is an Arab country in southwest Asia on the southeast coast of the Arabian Peninsula. It borders the United Arab Emirates on the northwest, Saudi Arabia on the west and Yemen on the southwest....
77 South Iran
78 Sindia


XIII. Karoo-Namib Region
79 Namibia
80 Namaland
Namaland

Namaland was a bantustan in South West Africa , intended by the apartheid government to be a self-government homeland for the Nama people. A centrally administered local government was created in 1980....
81 Western Cape
Western Cape

The Western Cape is a Provinces of South Africa in the south west of South Africa. The capital is Cape Town. Prior to 1994, the region that now forms the Western Cape was part of the huge Cape Province....
82 Karoo
Karoo

The Karoo is a semi-desert region of South Africa. It has two main sub-regions - the Great Karoo in the north and the Little Karoo in the south....


XIV. St.Helena and Ascension Region
83 St. Helena
Saint Helena

Saint Helena , named after Helena of Constantinople, is an island of volcano origin and a British overseas territory in the South Atlantic Ocean....
 and Ascension
Ascension Island

Ascension Island is an isolated island of volcanic origin in the South Atlantic Ocean, around from the coast of Africa, and from the coast of South America....


XV. Madagascan Region
84 Eastern Madagascar
Ecoregions of Madagascar

Madagascar island, located in the Indian Ocean off the east coast of Africa, is the fourth largest island in the world. Its long isolation from neighbouring continents allowed the evolution of distinct communities of plants and animals....
85 Western Madagascar
Ecoregions of Madagascar

Madagascar island, located in the Indian Ocean off the east coast of Africa, is the fourth largest island in the world. Its long isolation from neighbouring continents allowed the evolution of distinct communities of plants and animals....
86 Southern and Southwestern Madagascar
Ecoregions of Madagascar

Madagascar island, located in the Indian Ocean off the east coast of Africa, is the fourth largest island in the world. Its long isolation from neighbouring continents allowed the evolution of distinct communities of plants and animals....
87 Comoro
Comoros

The Comoros , officially the Union of the Comoros is an island nation in the Indian Ocean, located off the eastern coast of Africa on the northern end of the Mozambique Channel between northern Madagascar and northeastern Mozambique....
88 Mascarenes
Mascarene Islands

The Mascarene Islands is a group of islands in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar comprising Mauritius, R?union, Rodrigues , Cargados Carajos shoals, plus the former islands of the Saya de Malha Bank, Nazareth Bank and Soudan Banks banks....
89 Seychelles
Seychelles

Seychelles , officially the Republic of Seychelles , is an archipelago Country of 115 islands in the Indian Ocean, some east of mainland Africa, northeast of the island of Madagascar....


XVI. Indian Region
90 Ceylon (Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is an island country in South Asia, located about off the southern coast of India....
)
91 Malabar
Malabar

Malabar is a region of southern India, lying between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea.The name is thought to be derived from the Malayalam word Mala and Iranian language word Bar or from the Turkic words Mal and Bar ....
92 Deccan
93 Upper Gangetic Plain
94 Bengal
Bengal

Bengal , is a historical and geographical region in the northeast of South Asia. Today it is mainly divided between the independent sovereign nation of the Bangladesh and the state of West Bengal in India, although some regions of the previous kingdoms of Bengal are now part of the neighboring Indian states of Bihar, Assam, Tripura and Oris...


XVII. Indochinese Region
95 South Burma
96 Andamans
Andaman Islands

The Andaman Islands are a group of archipelago islands in the Bay of Bengal, and are part of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands Union Territory of India....
97 South China
98 Thailand
99 North Indochina
100 Annam
101 South Indochina


XVIII. Malesian Region
Malesia

Malesia is a biogeography region straddling the boundary of the Indomalaya and Australasia ecozones. Malesia was first identified as a floristic province that included the Malay Peninsula, Indonesia, the Philippines and New Guinea, based on a shared tropical flora derived mostly from Asia but also with numerous elements of the Antarctic flo...
102 Malaya
Malay Peninsula

The Malay Peninsula or Thai-Malay Peninsula is a major peninsula located in Southeast Asia. It is also known as the Kra Peninsula and runs approximately north-south through the Kra Isthmus....
103 Borneo
Borneo

Borneo is the List of islands by area and is located at the centre of Maritime Southeast Asia. Administratively, this island is divided between Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei....
104 Philippines
105 Sumatra
Sumatra

Sumatra is an island in western Indonesia, westernmost of the Sunda Islands. It is the largest island entirely in Indonesia , and the list of islands by area in the world ....
106 South Malesia
107 Celebes
Sulawesi

Sulawesi is one of the four larger Sunda Islands of Indonesia and is situated between Borneo and the Maluku Islands....
108 Moluccas and West New Guinea
109 Papua
110 Bismarck Archipelago
Bismarck Archipelago

The Bismarck Archipelago is a group of islands off the northeastern coast of New Guinea in the western Pacific Ocean and part of Papua New Guinea....


XIX. Fijian Region
111 New Hebrides
Vanuatu rain forests

The Vanuatu rain forests are a terrestrial ecoregion that includes the islands of Vanuatu, as well as the Santa Cruz Islands group of the neighboring Solomon Islands....
112 Fiji
Fiji

Fiji , officially the Republic of the Fiji Islands , is an island nation in the South Pacific Ocean east of Vanuatu, west of Tonga and south of Tuvalu....


XX. Polynesian Region
113 Micronesia
Micronesia

Micronesia , from the Greek language mikros and nesos , is a subregion of Oceania, comprising hundreds of small islands in the Pacific Ocean....
114 Polynesia
Polynesia

Polynesia is a subregion of Oceania, comprising a large grouping of over 1,000 islands scattered over the central and southern Pacific Ocean....


XXI. Hawaiian Region
115 Hawaii
Hawaii

File:Pahoehoe and Aa flows at Hawaii.jpgThe State of Hawaii is a U.S. state in the United States, located on an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean southwest of the continental United States, southeast of Japan, and northeast of Australia....


XXII. Neocaledonian Region
116 New Caledonia
New Caledonia

New Caledonia , is a "sui generis collectivity" of France located in the subregion of Melanesia in the Oceania. It comprises a main island , the Loyalty Islands, and several smaller islands....


Neotropical Kingdom
Neotropic

In biogeography, Neotropic or Neotropical refers to one of the world's eight terrestrial ecozones.This ecozone includes South and Central America, the Mexico lowlands, the Caribbean islands, and southern Florida, because these regions share a large number of plant and animal groups....


XXIII. Caribbean Region
117 Central America
Central America

Central America is a central geography region of the Americas. It is the southernmost, isthmus portion of the North American continent, which connects with South America on the southeast....
118 West Indies
119 Galápagos Islands
Galápagos Islands

Gal?pagos Islands are an archipelago of Island#Volcanic islands distributed around the equator in the Pacific Ocean, 972 km west of continental Ecuador....


XXIV. Region of the Guayana Highlands
120 Guayana
Guiana

The Guiana Shield is one of the three cratons of the South American Plate. It is a 1.7 billion year old Precambrian geological formation in northeast South America that forms a portion of the northern coast....


XXV. Amazonian Region
121 Amazonia
122 Llanos
Llanos

Los Llanos is a vast tropical grassland plain situated at the east of the Andes in northwestern South America . Its main river is the Orinoco....


XXVI. Brazilian Region
123 Caatinga
Caatinga

Caatinga is a type of vegetation, and an ecoregion characterized by this vegetation in the northeastern part of Brazil. The name "Caatinga" is a Tupi word meaning "white forest" or "white vegetation" ....
124 Central Brazilian Uplands
125 Chaco
Chaco

Chaco may refer to:South America*Gran Chaco, a region in South America*Chaco Province, Argentina in the northeastern part of the country*Chaco Department, historical in Paraguay and proposed in Bolivia...
126 Atlantic Brazil
127 Parana


XXVII. Andean Region
128 Northern Andes
129 Central Andes


South African Kingdom


XXVIII. Cape Region
130 Cape Province
Cape floristic region

The Cape floristic region is a floristic region located in South Africa. It is the only floristic region of the Cape Floristic Kingdom, and includes only one floristic province, known as the Cape floristic province....


Australian Kingdom


XXIX. Northeast Australian Region
131 North Australia
132 Queensland
133 Southeast Australia
134 Tasmania
Tasmania

Tasmania is an Australian island and States and territories of Australia of the same name. It is located south of the eastern side of the continent, being separated from it by Bass Strait....


XXX. Southwest Australian Region
135 Southwest Australia
Southwest Australia

Southwest Australia is a biodiversity hotspot that includes the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub ecoregions of Western Australia. The region has a wet-winter, dry-summer Mediterranean climate, one of five such regions in the world....


XXXI. Central Australian or Eremaean Region
136 Eremaea


Antarctic Kingdom
Antarctic Floristic Kingdom

The Antarctic Floristic Kingdom is a floristic region first identified by botanist Ronald Good , which includes most areas of the world south of 40?S latitude....


XXXII. Fernandezian Region
Fernandezian Region

The Fernandezian Region is a Floristic Region which includes two island groups, the Juan Fernandez Islands and Desventuradas Islands, that lie in the South Pacific Ocean off the west coast of Chile....
137 Juan Fernández
Fernandezian Region

The Fernandezian Region is a Floristic Region which includes two island groups, the Juan Fernandez Islands and Desventuradas Islands, that lie in the South Pacific Ocean off the west coast of Chile....


XXXIII. Chile-Patagonian Region
138 Northern Chile
139 Central Chile
140 Pampas
141 Patagonia
Patagonia

Patagonia is a geographic region containing the southernmost portion of South America. Located in Argentina and Chile, it comprises the Andes mountains to the west and south, and plateaux and low plains to the east....
142 Tierra del Fuego
Tierra del Fuego

Tierra del Fuego is an archipelago separated from the southernmost tip of the South American mainland by the Strait of Magellan. The southern point of the archipelago forms Cape Horn....


XXXIV. Region of the South Subantarctic Islands
143 Tristan
Tristan da Cunha

Tristan da Cunha is a remote volcanic group of islands in the south Atlantic Ocean, 2,816 km from South Africa and 3,360 km from South America....
-Gough
Gough Island

Gough Island is a volcanic island rising from the South Atlantic Ocean to heights of over 900 m above sea level with an area of . It is a dependency of Tristan da Cunha, which in turn is a dependency of the British overseas territory of Saint Helena....
144 Kerguelen


XXXV. Neozeylandic Region
145 Lord Howe
Lord Howe Island

Lord Howe Island is a small island in the Pacific Ocean east of the Australian mainland. Along with Ball's Pyramid, it is administered by the Lord Howe Island Board, one of 175 local authorities in the state of New South Wales, and is part of the Mid-North Coast Statistical Division....
146 Norfolk
Norfolk Island

Norfolk Island is a small island in the Pacific Ocean located between Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia. It and two neighbouring islands form one of Australia's external Territory ....
147 Kermadec
Kermadec Islands

The Kermadec Islands are an island arc in the South Pacific Ocean. The islands have been part of New Zealand since 1887.The islands lie within 29? to 31.5? south latitude and 178? to 179? west longitude, 800 – 1000 km northeast of New Zealand's North Island, and a similar distance southwest of Tonga....
148 Northern New Zealand
149 Central New Zealand
150 Southern New Zealand
151 Chatham
Chatham Islands

The archipelago of the Chatham Islands is a territory of New Zealand of about ten islands within a radius. The remote islands, over east of southern New Zealand, have officially belonged to the country since 1842....
152 New Zealand Subantarctic Islands
New Zealand sub-antarctic islands

The five southernmost groups of the New Zealand Outlying Islands form the New Zealand Sub-Antarctic islands. These islands are all UNESCO World Heritage Sites....