Flange

	Email		Print
	Bookmark		Link

Flange

A flange is an external or internal rib

Rib

In vertebrate anatomy, ribs are the long curved bones which form the ribcage. In most vertebrates, ribs surround the chest and protect the lungs, heart, and other internal Organ s of the thorax....
, or rim

Rim

Rim may refer to:* Rim , the sharp circular edge which surrounds the coin design* Rim , the part of a crater that extends above the height of the local surface...
(lip), for strength

Shear strength

Shear strength in engineering is a term used to describe the strength of a material or component against the type of Yield or structural failure where the material or component fails in Shearing ....
, as the flange of an iron

Iron

Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. Iron is a Group 8 element and period 4 element. Iron is lustrous and silvery in color....
beam

Beam (structure)

A beam is a List of structural elements that is capable of withstanding Structural load primarily by resisting bending. The bending force induced into the material of the beam as a result of the external loads, own weight and external reactions to these loads is called a bending moment....
or I-beam

I-beam

I-beams are beam with an I- or H-shaped cross section . The horizontal elements are flanges, while the vertical element is the web....
(or a T-beam

T-beam

A T-beam, used in construction, is a Structural engineering structure of reinforced concrete, wood or metal, with a t-shaped Cross section ....
); or for a guide, as the flange of a train

Train

A train is a connected series of vehicles that move along a track to rail transport from one place to another. The track usually consists of two rail tracks, but might also be a monorail or magnetic levitation train guideway....
wheel

Wheel

A wheel is a circular device that is capable of rotating on its axis, facilitating movement or transportation whilst supporting a load , or performing labour in machines....
; or for attachment to another object, as the flange on the end of a pipe, steam cylinder, etc, or on the lens mount

Lens mount

A lens mount is an interface ? mechanical and often also electrical ? between a photographic camera body and a lens. It is confined to cameras where the body allows interchangeable lenses, most usually the single lens reflex type or any movie camera of 16 mm or higher film gauge....
of a camera

Camera

A camera is a device that records images, either as a still photograph or as moving images known as videos or movies. The term comes from the camera obscura , an early mechanism of projecting images where an entire room functioned as a real-time imaging system; the modern camera evolved from the camera obscura....
. Thus a flanged rail is a rail with a flange on one side to keep wheels, etc., from running off. The term "flange" is also used for a kind of tool used to form flanges.

See main article Plumbing
Plumbing

Plumbing is the skilled trade of working with pipe , Tubing and plumbing fixtures for drinking water systems and the drainage of waste. A plumber is someone who installs or repairs piping systems, plumbing fixtures and equipment such as water heaters....
or Piping
Piping

Within industry, piping is a system of pipe used to convey fluids from one location to another. The engineering discipline of piping design studies the efficient transport of fluid....

Although flange generally refers to the actual raised rim or lip of a fitting, many flanged plumbing fittings are themselves known as 'flanges': Common flanges used in plumbing are the Surrey flange or Danzey flange, York flange, Sussex flange and Essex flange. Surrey and York flanges fit to the top of the hot water tank allowing all the water to be taken without disturbance to the tank.

Discussion

Ask a question about 'Flange'

Start a new discussion about 'Flange'

Answer questions from other users

Full Discussion Forum

Plumbing or Piping

Although flange generally refers to the actual raised rim or lip of a fitting, many flanged plumbing fittings are themselves known as 'flanges':

Common flanges used in plumbing are the Surrey flange or Danzey flange, York flange, Sussex flange and Essex flange. Surrey and York flanges fit to the top of the hot water tank allowing all the water to be taken without disturbance to the tank. They are often used to ensure an even flow of water to showers. An Essex flange requires a hole to be drilled in the side of the tank.

There is also a Warix flange which is the same as a York flange but the shower output is on the top of the flange and the vent on the side. The York and Warix flange have female adapters so that they fit onto a male tank, whereas the Surrey flange connects to a female tank.

A closet flange

Closet flange

In plumbing, a closet flange is a pipe fitting that both mounts a toilet to the floor and connects the toilet drain to a Plumbing fixture#Inlets and drains....
provides the mount for a toilet

Toilet

A toilet is a plumbing fixture and disposal system primarily intended for the disposal of the excretory system: urine and feces. Additionally, vomit and menstrual waste is sometimes disposed in toilets in western societies....
.

Pipe flanges

There are many different flange standards to be found worldwide. To allow easy functionality and inter-changeability, these are designed to have standardised dimensions. Common world standards include ASA/ANSI (USA), PN/DIN (European), BS10 (British/Australian), and JIS/KIS (Japanese/Korean).

In most cases these are not interchangeable (eg an ANSI flange will not mate against a JIS flange). Further many of the flanges in each standard are divided into "pressure classes", allowing flanges to be capable of taking different pressure ratings. Again these are not generally interchangeable (eg an ANSI 150# will not mate with an ANSI 300#). These "pressure classes" also have differing pressure

Pressure

Pressure is the force per unit area applied to an object in a direction surface normal to the surface. Gauge pressure is the pressure relative to the local atmospheric or ambient pressure....
and temperature

Temperature

In physics, temperature is a physical property of a Physical system that underlies the common notions of hot and cold; something that feels hotter generally has the greater temperature....
ratings for different materials.

The flange faces are made to standardized dimensions and are typically "flat face", "raised face", "tongue and groove

Groove (machining)

In manufacturing or mechanical engineering a groove may be:# A canal Machining in a hard material, usually metal. This canal can be round, oval or an arc in order to receive another component such as a nipple, a tongue or a gasket....
", or "ring joint

Gland (engineering)

A gland is a general type of stuffing box, used to seal a rotating or reciprocating shaft against a fluid. The most common example is in the head of a tap where the gland is usually packed with string which has been soaked in tallow or similar grease....
" styles, although other obscure styles are possible.

Flange designs are available as "welding neck", "slip-on", "boss", "lap joint", "socket weld", "threaded

Threaded pipe

A threaded pipe is a Pipe with screw-threaded ends for assembly....
", and also "blind".

ANSI/ASME

Pipe flanges that are made to standards called out by ASME

American Society of Mechanical Engineers

American National Standards Institute

The American National Standards Institute or ANSI is a private non-profit organization that oversees the development of voluntary consensus standards for products, services, processes, systems, and personnel in the United States....
B16.5 or ASME/ANSI B16.47 are typically made from forged materials and have machined surfaces. They are typically in "Pressure Classes" such as 150#, 300#, 600#, 900# 1500#; however, ASME B16.47 still recognizes the 75# or "Class 75" flange for certain low pressure and low temperature applications.

The gasket

Gasket

A gasket is a Seal that fills the space between two objects, generally to prevent leakage between the two objects while under Physical compression....
type and bolt

Screw

A screw is a shaft with a helix groove or screw thread formed on its surface and provision at one end to turn the screw. Its main uses are as a threaded fastener used to hold objects together, and as a simple machine used to translate torque into linear force....
type are generally specified by the standard(s); however, sometimes the standards refer to the ASME

American Society of Mechanical Engineers

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers is a professional body, specifically an engineering society, focused on mechanical engineering.The ASME was founded in 1880 by Alexander Lyman Holley, Henry Rossiter Worthington, John Edison Sweet and Matthias N....
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (B&PVC) for details (see ASME Code Section VIII Division 1 - Appendix 2). These flanges are recognized by ASME Pipe Codes such as ASME B31.1 Power Piping

Piping

Within industry, piping is a system of pipe used to convey fluids from one location to another. The engineering discipline of piping design studies the efficient transport of fluid....
, and ASME B31.3 Process Piping.

Materials for flanges are usually under ASME designation: SA-105 (Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications) , SA-266 (Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components) or SA-182 (Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy-Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service).

Other countries

Flanges in other countries also are manufactured according to standards for materials, pressure ratings, etc. Such standards include DIN

Deutsches Institut für Normung

Deutsches Institut f?r Normung e.V. is the Germany national organization for standardization and is that country's International Organization for Standardization member body....
and/or ISO

International Organization for Standardization

The International Organization for Standardization , widely known as ISO , is an international standard-setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations....
standards.

Vacuum flanges

A vacuum flange is a flange at the end of a tube used to connect vacuum chambers, tubing and vacuum pumps to each other.

Microwave RF

In microwave

Microwave

Microwaves are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from 1 mm to 1 m, or frequency between 0.3 hertz and 300 GHz....
telecommunication

Telecommunication

Telecommunication is the assisted Transmission of Signal over a distance for the purpose of communication. In earlier times, this may have involved the use of smoke signals, Drum , Semaphore line, flag signals or heliograph....
s, a flange is a type of cable joint which allows different types of waveguide

Waveguide

A waveguide is a structure which guides waves, such as electromagnetic waves or sound waves. There are different types of waveguide for each type of wave....
to connect.

Several different microwave RF flange types exist.

CAR flange
CBR flange
OPC flange
PAR flange
PBJ flange
PBR flange
PDR flange
UAR flange
UBR flange
UDR flange
UPX flange