Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor

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Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor

Ferdinand III (July 13, 1608 – April 2, 1657) was Holy Roman Emperor

Holy Roman Emperor

Image:HRR 14Jh.jpgThe Roman of the Emperor's title was a reflection of the translatio imperii principle that regarded the Holy Roman Emperors as the inheritors of the title of Emperor of the Western Roman Empire, a title left unclaimed in the West after the death of Julius Nepos in 480....
February 15, 1637 – 1657. King of Hungary

Hungary

Hungary , officially in English the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia....
, King of Bohemia

Bohemia

History...
, Archduke of Austria, King of the Romans

King of the Romans

King of the Romans was the title used by the Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire, the Imperator futurus prior to his imperial coronation performed by the Pope, ....
.

er of the peace party at court, he helped negotiate the Peace of Prague

Prague

Prague is the Capital and World's largest cities of the Czech Republic. Its official name is Hlavn? mesto Praha, meaning Prague, the Capital City....
with the Protestant States, especially Saxony

Saxony

The Free State of Saxony is a States of Germany of Germany. Located in the southeastern part of present-day Germany. It is the tenth-largest German state in area and the sixth largest in population , of Germany's sixteen states....
in 1635.

He succeeded his father as Holy Roman Emperor

Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire was a union of territories in Central Europe during the Middle Ages and the Early modern Europe under a Holy Roman Emperor....
in 1637.

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Ferdinand III (July 13, 1608 – April 2, 1657) was Holy Roman Emperor

Holy Roman Emperor

Hungary

Bohemia

History...
, Archduke of Austria, King of the Romans

King of the Romans

King of the Romans was the title used by the Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire, the Imperator futurus prior to his imperial coronation performed by the Pope, ....
.

Life

Eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand II

Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor

Ferdinand II , of the House of Habsburg, Holy Roman Emperor , King of Bohemia , King of Hungary ....
from the house of Habsburg

Habsburg

The House of Habsburg was an important royal house of Europe and is best known as supplying all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1452 and 1740, as well as rulers of Spanish Empire and the Austrian Empire....
and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria. Made King of Hungary

Hungary

Bohemia

History...
in 1627, Archduke of Austria in 1621 and succeeded his father King of the Romans

King of the Romans

King of the Romans was the title used by the Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire, the Imperator futurus prior to his imperial coronation performed by the Pope, ....
in 1636, and thence Holy Roman Emperor 1637.

Following the death of Wallenstein in 1634, he was made titular head of the Imperial Army in the Thirty Years' War

Thirty Years' War

The Thirty Years' War was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history. The war was fought primarily in Germany and at various points involved most of the countries of Europe....
, and later that year joined with his cousin the Cardinal-Infante

Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand

Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand was Governors of the Habsburg Netherlands, Cardinal , Infante of Spain, Archduke of Austria, Archbishop of Toledo , and military commander during the Thirty Years' War....
to defeat the Swedes at Nördlingen

Battle of Nördlingen (1634)

The Battle of N?rdlingen was fought on 27 August or 6 September , 1634 during the Thirty Years' War. The Roman Catholic Church Holy Roman Empire army, bolstered by 18,000 professional Habsburg Spain troops won a great victory in the battle over the combined Protestantism armies of Sweden and their German allies ....
. Leader of the peace party at court, he helped negotiate the Peace of Prague

Prague

Saxony

Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire was a union of territories in Central Europe during the Middle Ages and the Early modern Europe under a Holy Roman Emperor....
in 1637. He hoped to be able to make peace soon with France

France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
and Sweden

Sweden

Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic countries on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden has land borders with Norway to the west and Finland to the northeast, and it is connected to Denmark by the ?resund Bridge in the south....
, but the war dragged on for another 11 years, finally coming to an end with the Peace of Westphalia

Peace of Westphalia

The term Peace of Westphalia refers to the two Peace treaty of Osnabr?ck and M?nster, signed on May 15 and October 24, 1648, respectively, and written in Latin, that ended both the Thirty Years' War in the Holy Roman Empire and the Dutch Revolt between Spain and the Dutch Republic....
(Treaty of Münster

Münster

M?nster is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located in the northern part of the state and is considered to be the cultural centre of the Westphalia region and it is also capital of the government region M?nster ....
with France, Treaty of Osnabrück

Osnabrück

Osnabr?ck is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany, some 80 km NNE of Dortmund, 45 km NE of M?nster, and some 100 km due west of Hannover. It lies in a valley penned between the Wiehengebirge and the northern tip of the Teutoburg Forest....
with Sweden) in 1648, both negotiated by his envoy Maximilian von und zu Trauttmansdorff, a successful diplomat who had been made a count in 1623 by his father Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor

Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor

Ferdinand II , of the House of Habsburg, Holy Roman Emperor , King of Bohemia , King of Hungary ....
.

During the last dreadful period of the war, in 1644 Ferdinand III gave to all rulers of German states the right to conduct their own foreign policy (ius belli ac pacis). This way the emperor was trying to gain more allies in the negotiations with France

France

Sweden

Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic countries on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden has land borders with Norway to the west and Finland to the northeast, and it is connected to Denmark by the ?resund Bridge in the south....
. This very edict contributed to the gradual erosion of the imperial authority in the Holy Roman Empire

Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire was a union of territories in Central Europe during the Middle Ages and the Early modern Europe under a Holy Roman Emperor....
.

In the Peace of Westphalia

Peace of Westphalia

Roman Emperor

The Roman Emperor was the ruler of the Roman Empire during the imperial period . The Romans had no single term for the office: Latin language titles such as imperator , Augustus , Caesar and princeps were all associated with it....
, always August, King of Germany, Hungary

Hungary

Bohemia

History...
, Dalmatia

Dalmatia

Dalmatia is a region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, situated mostly in modern Croatia and spreading between the island of Rab in the northwest and the Bay of Kotor in the southeast....
, Croatia

Croatia

Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a Central European country at the crossroads of Pannonian Plain, Balkans, and the Mediterranean Sea....
, Slavonia

Slavonia

Slavonia is a geographical and historical region in eastern Croatia. It is a fertile agricultural and forested lowland bounded, in part, by the Drava river in the north, the Sava river in the south, and the Danube river in the east....
, Archduke of Austria, Duke of Burgundy

Duke of Burgundy

Duke of Burgundy was a title borne by the rulers of the Duchy of Burgundy, a small portion of traditional lands of Burgundians west of river Sa?ne which in 843 was allotted to Charles the Bald's West Franks....
, Brabant

Brabant

Historically, Brabant has been the name of several administrative entities in the Low Countries with quite different geographical extent:* The Carolingian pagus Bracbatensis, located between the rivers Scheldt and Dijle between the 9th and 11th century;...
, Styria, Carinthia

Duchy of Carinthia

The Duchy of Carinthia was a duchy located in southern Austria and parts of northern Slovenia. It was part of the Holy Roman Empire from 976 until the dissolution of the Empire in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution in 1918....
, Carniola

Carniola

Carniola is a Historical regions of Central Europe of Slovenia. As part of Austria-Hungary, the region was a crown land officially known as the Duchy of Carniola until 1918....
, Margrave

Margrave

Margrave is the English language and French language form of the German language title Markgraf and certain equivalent nobiliary titles in other languages....
of Moravia

Moravia

Moravia is a Historical regions of Central Europe in the east of the Czech Republic, one of the former Czech lands. It takes its name from the Morava River, Central Europe which rises in the northwest of the region....
, Duke of Luxemburg, of the Higher and Lower Silesia

Silesia

Silesia is a historical region of Central Europe located mostly in present-day Poland, with parts in the Czech Republic and Germany.Silesia is rich in mineral and natural resources, and includes several important industrial areas....
, of Wurtemburg and Teck

Teck

Teck was a duke castle in the kingdom of W?rttemberg, immediately to the north of the Swabian Jura and south of the town of Kirchheim unter Teck , taking its name from the ridge, 2544 feet high, which it crowned....
, Prince of Swabia

Swabia

Swabia, Suabia, or Svebia is both a historic and linguistics region in Germany. Swabia consists of much of the present-day state of Baden-W?rttemberg , as well as the Bavarian Swabia ....
, Count of Habsburg

Habsburg

German Tyrol

German Tyrol is a historical region in the Alps now divided between Austria and Italy. It includes largely ethnic German areas of historical County of Tyrol: the States of Austria of Tyrol and the Regions of Italy known as the Alto Adige/S?dtirol but not the largely Italian language-speaking Autonomous Province of Trento ....
, Kyburg

Kyburg

Kyburg may refer to:*Henry E. Kyburg, Jr., the philosopher/logician*The castle Kyburg in the Canton of Zurich*The municipality surrounding the castle, Kyburg, Zurich...
and Goritia, Marquess of the Sacred Roman Empire, Burgovia, the Higher and Lower Lusace, Lord of the Marquisate of Slavonia

Slavonia

Marriages and children

On February 20, 1631 Ferdinand III married his first wife Maria Anna of Spain

Maria Anna of Spain

Maria Anna , also known as Maria Anna of Austria, Infanta of Spain, Archduchess of Austria, and after marriage, The Holy Roman Empress and Queen of Hungary, was the youngest daughter of King Philip III of Spain and Margaret of Austria ....
. She was the youngest daughter of Philip III of Spain

Philip III of Spain

Philip III was the monarch of Spain and King of Portugal, where he ruled as Philip II , from 1598 until his death. His Political minister was the Francisco Gom?z de Sandoval y Rojas, Duke of Lerma....
and Margaret of Austria. They were first cousins as Maria Anna's mother was a sister of Ferdinand's father. They were parents to six children:

Ferdinand IV of Hungary
Ferdinand IV of Hungary

Ferdinand IV was King of the Romans, King of List of Hungarian rulers, and King of List of rulers of Bohemia.He was born in Vienna, the eldest son of Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor and his first wife Maria Ana of Spain....
(8 September, 1633 - 9 July, 1654).
Mariana of Austria
Mariana of Austria

Mariana of Austria was Queen consort of Spain as the second wife of King Philip IV of Spain, who was also her maternal uncle. She was the daughter of Habsburg Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor and Infanta Maria Anna of Spain, Philip IV of Spain's sister....
(23 December, 1634 - 16 May, 1696). Married her maternal uncle Philip IV of Spain
Philip IV of Spain

Philip IV , was List of Spanish monarchs between 1621 and 1665, Sovereignty of the Spanish Netherlands, and List of Portuguese monarchs until 1640....
. They were parents to Charles II of Spain
Charles II of Spain

Charles II , was the last Habsburg Spain of Spain and the ruler of nearly all of Italy , the Spanish territories in the Southern Low Countries, and Spanish empire, stretching from Mexico to the Philippines....
, the last Habsburg monarch of Spain.
Philip August, Archduke of Austria (1637 - 1639).
Maximilian Thomas, Archduke of Austria (1638 - 1639).
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor

Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor Habsburg , Holy Roman emperor, King of Hungary, King of Bohemia, was the second son of the emperor Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor and his first wife Maria Anna of Spain....
(9 June, 1640 - 5 May, 1705).
Maria of Austria (1646).

In 1648, Ferdinand III married his second wife Maria Leopoldine, Archduchess of Austria

Maria Leopoldine of Austria

Maria Leopoldine was a daughter of Leopold V, Archduke of Austria and Claudia de' Medici and empress consort of Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor....
. She was a daughter of Leopold V, Archduke of Austria

Leopold V, Archduke of Austria

Leopold V, Archduke of Further Austria was the son of Archduke Charles II of Austria, and the younger brother of Emperor Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor, father of Archduke Ferdinand Charles of Austria....
and Claudia de' Medici

Claudia de' Medici

Claudia de' Medici, , was the wife of Federico della Rovere, the only son of Francesco Maria II della Rovere, Duke of Urbino. Their only child, Vittoria della Rovere would marry Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany....
. They were second cousins as male-line grandchildren of Charles II, Archduke of Austria

Charles II, Archduke of Austria

Charles II of Austria, was an Archduke of Austria and ruler of Inner Austria from the House of Habsburg from 1564.He was the third son of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary, daughter of King Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary and his wife Anne de Foix....
and Maria Anna of Bavaria

Maria Anna of Bavaria (Archduchess of Austria)

Maria Anna of Bavaria was the daughter of Albert V, Duke of Bavaria and Anna of Austria . Her paternal grandparents were William IV, Duke of Bavaria and Maria Jacoba, Margravine of Baden ....
. They had a single son:

Karl Josef of Austria (1649 - 1664). He was Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights
Teutonic Knights

The Order of the Teutonic Knights of St. Mary's Hospital in Jerusalem , or for short the Teutonic Order was a Germans Roman Catholic religious order....
from 1662 to his death.

In 1651, Ferdinand III married Eleonora of Mantua (Gonzaga). She was a daughter of Charles IV Gonzaga, Duke of Rethel. They were parents to four children:

Theresia Maria Josefa, Archduchess of Austria (1652 - 1653).
Eleonora Maria Josefa, Archduchess of Austria (1653 - 1697). Married first Michal Korybut Wisniowiecki
Michal Korybut Wisniowiecki

Michal Korybut Wisniowiecki , son of Jarema Wisniowiecki and his wife Gryzelda Konstancja Zamoyska, was King of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from September 29, 1669, to his death in 1673....
, King of Poland
List of Polish monarchs

Poland, or at least its nucleus, was ruled at various times either by ksiazeta or by Kings . The longest-reigning dynasties were the Piast dynastys and Jagiellon dynastys ....
and secondly Charles V, Duke of Lorraine
Charles V, Duke of Lorraine

Charles L?opold Nicolas Sixte , son of Nicholas II, Duke of Lorraine and Claude of Lorraine . He was the titular Duke of Lorraine from 1675 to 1690, a time when Lorraine was occupied by France....
.
Maria Anna Josepha, Archduchess of Austria (1654 - 1689). Married Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine
Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine

Johann Wilhelm II, Elector Palatine, also known as Johann Wilhelm von Pfalz-Neuburg , was Elector Palatine , Duke Palatine of Palatinate-Neuburg , Duchy of J?lich and Berg , and Duke of Upper Palatinate and Cham ....
.
Ferdinand Josef, Archduke of Austria (1657 - 1658).

Titles

Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary, King of Croatia, King of Slavonia, King of Bohemia, Archduke of Austria, King of the Romans, King of Germany, Duke of Teschen

External links

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Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor

Life

Marriages and children

Titles

See also

External links