Federal republic

A federal republic is a federation Federation

A federation is a union [i] comprised of a number of partially self-governing states or ...

of states with a republican Republic

In a broad definition, a republic is a state [i] or country [i] that is led by people whose political power [i] ...

form of government. A federation is composed of a number of self-governing states united by a federal government. In a federation, unlike in a unitary state Unitary state

A unitary state is a state [i] or country [i] that is governed constitution [i]ally as one single unit, ...

, the self-governing status of autonomous regions is constitutionally entrenched and cannot be revoked by a unilateral decision of the central government. The states in a federation also maintain all political sovereignty that they do not yield to the federation. Usage of the term republic is inconsistent but, as a minimum, it means a state or federation of states that does not have a monarch as head of state Head of State

Head of State or Chief of State is the generic term for the individual or collective office that s...

.

Discussions

Discussion Features

Ask a question about 'Federal republic'

Start a new discussion about 'Federal republic'

Answer questions about 'Federal republic'

'Federal republic' discussion forum

Timeline

1848 One of the few successes of the Revolutions of 1848, the Swiss Federal Constitution Swiss Federal Constitution

The Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation is at the highest level of Switzerland [i]'s judicia ...

, patterned on the US Constitution United States Constitution

The United States Constitution is the supreme law [i] of the United States of America [i]. ...

, enters into force, creating a federal republic and one of the first modern democratic Democracy

Democracy is a form of government [i] for a nation state, or for an organiz ...

states in Europe Europe

Europe is one of the seven traditional continent [i]s of the Earth [i]. ...

.

Encyclopedia

A federal republic is a federation Federation

A federation is a union [i] comprised of a number of partially self-governing states or ...

of states with a republican Republic

Head of State or Chief of State is the generic term for the individual or collective office that s...

.

Three states explicitly describe themselves as federal republics. These are the Federal Republic of Germany Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country [i] in central Europe [i]. ...

, the Federal Republic of Nigeria Nigeria

Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country [i] in West Africa [i] and the m ...

, and the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Ethiopia

Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a country situated in the Horn of Africa [i] ...

. A close variant is the term federative republic, which appears in the full official title of Brazil Brazil

Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest and most populous country [i] ...

. Not every federation is a republic; for example Canada Canada

Canada is the world's second-largest [i] country by total area, occupying most ...

, Australia Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere [i] c ...

, and Malaysia Malaysia

Malaysia is a federation [i] of 13 states [i] in Southeast Asia [i], formed in 1963.
...

are each federal constitutional monarchies.

List of federal republics

Contemporary

Federation	Style	Subdivisions	Head of state
Argentina Argentina Argentina is a country in southern South America [i]. ...	Republic Republic In a broad definition, a republic is a state [i] or country [i] that is led by people whose political power [i] ...	Provinces of Argentina Provinces of Argentina \|\|- \| \|} Argentina [i] is subdivided in 23 province [i]s and 1 federal district [i]. ...	President of Argentina President of Argentina The President of Argentina is the head of state [i] of Argentina [i]. ...
Austria Austria Austria is a landlocked [i] country in central Europe [i]. ...	Republic Republic In a broad definition, a republic is a state [i] or country [i] that is led by people whose political power [i] ...	States of Austria States of Austria Austria [i] is a federal republic [i] made up of 9 states [i], known in German [i] ...	Federal President of Austria President of Austria The Austrian Federal President is the federal [i] head of state [i] of Austria [i]. ...
Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina is a country on the Balkan [i] peninsula of southern Europe [i] with an a ...		Divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina: ...	Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina The Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina is the head of state [i] of Bosnia and Herzegovina [i]. ...
Brazil Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest and most populous country [i] ...	Federative Republic	States of Brazil States of Brazil Brazil is divided into 26 *estados* and one district, the Distrito Federal [i]...	President of Brazil President of Brazil The President [i] of the Federative Republic of Brazil [i] is the head of state [i] and head of government [i] ...
Comoros Comoros The Comoros , officially the Union of the Comoros , is a country in the Indian Ocean [i], situated ...	Union	Islands of Comoros, Municipalities of Comoros	President of Comoros
Ethiopia Ethiopia Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a country situated in the Horn of Africa [i] ...	Federal Democratic Republic	Regions of Ethiopia Regions of Ethiopia Ethiopia [i] is divided into 9 ethnically-based administrative regions and two chartered cities, indicat ...	President of Ethiopia
Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country [i] in central Europe [i]. ...	Federal Republic	States of Germany States of Germany Germany [i] is a Federal Republic [i] made up of 16 States [i], known in German [i]...	Federal President of Germany President of Germany The President of Germany is Germany [i]'s head of state [i]. ...
India India India , officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia [i]. ...	Republic Republic In a broad definition, a republic is a state [i] or country [i] that is led by people whose political power [i] ...	States of India States and territories of India India [i] is subdivided into twenty-eight state [i]s and seven union territories [i]. ...	President of India President of India The President of India is the head of state and first citizen of India [i] and the Supreme Commander [i] ...
Madagascar Madagascar Madagascar, , is an island nation [i] in the Indian Ocean [i], off the eastern coast of Africa [i], clos ...	Republic Republic In a broad definition, a republic is a state [i] or country [i] that is led by people whose political power [i] ...	Provinces of Madagascar Provinces of Madagascar \| \|- \|\|} Madagascar [i] is divided into six province [i]s: ...	President of Madagascar
Mexico Mexico The United Mexican States, generally known as Mexico is a country [i] located in North America [i] ...	United Mexican States	States of Mexico States of Mexico The United Mexican States or Mexico [i] is a federal republic [i] made up of 31 state [i]s (esta...	President of Mexico
FS Micronesia Federated States of Micronesia Micronesia, officially the Federated States of Micronesia, is an island nation [i] located in the ...	Federated States	States of FS Micronesia	President of FS Micronesia
Nigeria Nigeria Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country [i] in West Africa [i] and the m ...	Federal Republic	States of Nigeria States of Nigeria Nigeria [i] is currently divided into 36 states and one federal capital territory. ...	President of Nigeria President of Nigeria The President of Nigeria is both head of government and head of state of Nigeria [i]. ...
Pakistan Pakistan [i] located in [[South Asia]...	Republic Republic In a broad definition, a republic is a state [i] or country [i] that is led by people whose political power [i] ...	Provinces of Pakistan Divisions of Pakistan The Divisions of Pakistan were previously the third tier of government in Pakistan [i] until they were a ...	President of Pakistan President of Pakistan The President of Pakistan is Head of State [i] of Pakistan [i]. ...
Russia Russia Russia , also the Russian Federation , is a country [i] that stretches over a vast expanse of Eurasia [i] ...	Federation Federation A federation is a union [i] comprised of a number of partially self-governing states or ...	Subjects of Russia Federal subjects of Russia Russia [i] is a federation [i] which consists of 88 subjects}}; English transliteration [i] ...	President of Russia
Switzerland Switzerland Switzerland , officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked [i] Alpine country [i] in Central Europe [i] ...	Confederation	Cantons of Switzerland Cantons of Switzerland The twenty-six cantons of Switzerland are the state [i]s of the federal state [i] of Switzerland [i] ...	Swiss Federal Council Swiss Federal Council The Swiss Federal Council is the seven-member executive council which constitutes the government [i] as ...
United States United States The United States of America, also known as the United States, the U.S., the U.S.A., a...		States of the United States Political divisions of the United States The political units and divisions of the United States include: ...	President of the United States President of the United States The President of the United States of America is the head of state [i] of the United States [i]. ...
Venezuela Venezuela Venezuela is a country on the northern tropical [i] Caribbean [i] coast of South America [i] ...	Bolivarian Republic	States of Venezuela States of Venezuela Venezuela [i] is divided into 23 states (estados), 1 Capital District [i] (D ...	President of Venezuela List of Presidents of Venezuela \| \|- \| \|} The President [i] of Venezuela [i] is the English political nomenclature that designates both ...

Historic

United Provinces of Central America Federal Republic of Central America

The Federal Republic of Central America was a short-lived Latin America [i]n state [i] in Central America [i] ...
"Great Colombia Greater Colombia

Greater Colombia is the name given to the Republic of Colombia of 1819-1831, which was a short-liv...

" , later Colombia Colombia

The Republic of Colombia , is the northwesternmost country of South America [i]. ...
Federal Republic of Cameroon Cameroon

Cameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon, is a unitary republic [i] of central Africa [i]. ...
Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia was a country in Central Europe [i] that existed from 1918 until early 1993 . ...
Yugoslavia Yugoslavia

Yugoslavia is a term used for the three separate political entities that existed during most of the 20th century [i] ...
Serbia and Montenegro Serbia and Montenegro

Serbia and Montenegro the State Union [of] Serbia and Montenegro, was a confederated [i]...

Fictional

Galactic Republic
New Republic
United Federation of Planets United Federation of Planets

The United Federation of Planets widely referred to and known as the Federation is part of the Star Trek [i] ...