Expo 2015
Encyclopedia
Expo 2015 is the next scheduled Universal Exposition
World's Fair
World's fair, World fair, Universal Exposition, and World Expo are various large public exhibitions held in different parts of the world. The first Expo was held in The Crystal Palace in Hyde Park, London, United Kingdom, in 1851, under the title "Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All...

 after Expo 2010
Expo 2010
Expo 2010, officially Expo 2010 Shanghai China was held on both banks of the Huangpu River in the city of Shanghai, China, from May 1 to October 31, 2010. It was a major World Expo in the tradition of international fairs and expositions, the first since 1992...

, and will be hosted by Milan
Milan
Milan is the second-largest city in Italy and the capital city of the region of Lombardy and of the province of Milan. The city proper has a population of about 1.3 million, while its urban area, roughly coinciding with its administrative province and the bordering Province of Monza and Brianza ,...

, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...

. On November 23, 2010, the event was officially announced by the Bureau of International Expositions
Bureau of International Expositions
The International Exhibitions Bureau is an intergovernmental organization created to supervise international exhibitions falling under the jurisdiction of the Convention Relating to International Exhibitions....

, after that the BIE assembly in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

 had decided in favour of the Milanese candidature on March 31, 2008. Expo 2015 will be held under the theme Feeding the planet, energy for life.

Theme

The theme chosen for the 2015 Milan Universal Exposition is Feeding the Planet, Energy for Life. This embraces technology, innovation, culture, traditions and creativity and how they relate to food and diet. Expo 2015 will further develop themes introduced in earlier Expos (e.g., water at Expo 2008
Expo 2008
Expo 2008 was an international exposition held from Saturday, 14 June to Sunday, 14 September 2008 in Zaragoza, Spain, with the theme of "Water and Sustainable Development". The exposition was placed in a meander of the river Ebro...

 in Zaragoza
Zaragoza
Zaragoza , also called Saragossa in English, is the capital city of the Zaragoza Province and of the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain...

) in the light of new global scenarios and emerging issues, with a principal focus on the right to healthy, secure and sufficient food for all the world’s inhabitants.

The concerns of many futurologists about the quality of food in the years to come are compounded by forecasts of increasing uncertainties regarding the quantities of food that will be available globally. These concerns, expressed early on in studies by MIT for the Club of Rome, were largely ignored at a time when it appeared that increases in resource availability would outstrip increases in consumption. However, the rapid depletion of agricultural surpluses has clearly manifested the urgency of the problem of how to Feed the Planet and prevent hunger
Hunger
Hunger is the most commonly used term to describe the social condition of people who frequently experience the physical sensation of desiring food.-Malnutrition, famine, starvation:...

.

Site

The area that will be occupied by the Expo 2015 site is located northwest of Milan in the municipalities of Rho
Rho (Italy)
Rho is a town and comune near Milan, Italy in the region of Lombardy, and has about 51,000 inhabitants.-History:Rho is first mentioned in a written document from 846 AD, referred to as simply a bunch of houses under the name of Vicus Raudus. According to a theory, the name derives from the Campi...

 and Pero, and covers an area of 1.1 km² (0.424712374451789 sq mi). It is adjacent to the new Fiera Milano
Fiera Milano
FieraMilano SpA is a trade fair and exhibition organiser headquartered in Milan, Italy. It is the most important trade fair organiser in Italy and one of the largest in the world....

 fairgrounds, designed by Massimiliano Fuksas
Massimiliano Fuksas
Massimiliano Fuksas is an Italian architect, born in Rome in 1944 to an Jewish Lithuanian father and Italian Catholic mother. He received his degree in architecture from the La Sapienza University in 1969 in Rome, where he opened his first office. Subsequent offices were opened in Paris and Vienna...

, whose project may be considered the cornerstone of the urban redevelopment of the entire area. The zone had long been an industrial area before being converted to logistical and municipal services and agriculture. The fairgrounds and the Expo site will be connected by a pedestrian bridge adjacent to the Rho-Pero high-speed
High-speed rail in Italy
High-speed rail in Italy currently consists of two high-speed lines connecting all the major cities in Italy. The first line connects Milan to Naples passing through Bologna, Florence and Rome. The second route runs from Turin to Venice via Milan, and is still under construction in some parts...

 rail station.

The genesis of the Expo plan was a complex process, which may be divided into three different phases:
  1. Initial plan
  2. Concept plan
  3. Master plan


The chosen area is oblong in shape with an overall length of nearly 3 km (1.9 mi), immediately suggesting the idea of a main axis conceived as a boulevard along which the pavilions would be located. The design of pools and waterways in and around the Expo area has been an element of primary importance in the three phases.

Initial plan

The initial plan was characterized by the following principal elements:
  • 50% of the area occupied by pavilions, 35% of the area dedicated to external spaces around each pavilion, and the remaining 15% comprised a green perimeter ring around the site;
  • Piazza Italia and Piazza Expo located at either end of the main boulevard. The former dominated by the Italy pavilion (approx. 7,000 square meters) and flanked by a second square dubbed Piazza delle Regioni;
  • A large artificial lake surrounded by the 20 pavilions representing the Italian regions;
  • An amphitheatre (12,000 seats, 9,000 square meters) and an Auditorium (6,000 seats, 6,000 square meters);
  • Country pavilions in three different sizes depending on the financial resources of each participating country;
  • Three collective pavilions dedicated to three geographical areas: Asia, Africa and Latin America/Caribbean.


A services area was planned near the main Expo site covering some 100 hectares and outfitted with hotels, parking facilities, stores, a convention centre, green areas and a business centre available for use by Expo participants, as well as a 12-hectare Expo village to house staff, volunteers, security personnel and administrative personnel.

Plans also called for the following thematic pavilions:
  • What the world eats: at the base of the Expo tower and in the pedestrian bridge connecting the Rho-Pero fairgrounds to the Expo site;
  • Science and conscience
  • Tales of land, air and water
  • The food spiral
  • The right to eat well
  • In the realm of the senses, in Piazza Italia;
  • Equilibrium
  • The art of food

Concept plan

The concept plan for the Expo 2015 site was presented on September 8, 2009. It was designed by a committee of four architects: Stefano Boeri, Richard Burdett, Mark Rylander and Jacques Herzog.

The main idea was to trace out within the area two distinct lines of demarcation, two avenues, a main avenue and a secondary avenue representing the ancient Roman layout comprising a cardo
Cardo
The cardo was a north-south oriented street in Roman cities, military camps, and coloniae. The cardo, an integral component of city planning, was lined with shops and vendors, and served as a hub of economic life. The main cardo was called cardo maximus.Most Roman cities also had a Decumanus...

 and a decumanus. The initial idea of a “classical” site composed of avenues and pavilions was replaced by the idea of a “light” Expo composed of exhibition areas arranged transversally with respect to the main boulevard. The exhibition areas are completely identical for each country and recreate the typical “food cycle” of each nation, from production to consumption. The centre of the avenue is occupied by a table in front of the country pavilions and extending for the entire length of the site. Here visitors would be able to sample the foods produced in the pavilion of each country. The entire area would be covered by large tent-like structures to convey the idea of a global marketplace.

A second idea was to build large bioclimatic greenhouses on the site to reproduce the earth’s principal environment types or biomes. These would function both as thematic pavilions and for the cultivation and production of basic foodstuffs used in the individual country pavilions. Each country would also be able to have a dedicated greenhouse within its specific exhibition area.

In this second version of the Expo site, water remained an important element but was shifted toward the exterior, no longer arranged in canals flowing through the pavilions, but as a large navigable canal surrounding the Expo site. A large lake was also included in the design.

Additional characteristic elements included:
  • A large excavated amphitheatre and a hill, one at either end of the boulevard;
  • Expo village facilities across the encircling canal from the Expo site;
  • Redevelopment of the post office building as a Centre for Sustainable Development.

Master plan

The final master plan for the Expo site will be delivered to the BIE
Bureau of International Expositions
The International Exhibitions Bureau is an intergovernmental organization created to supervise international exhibitions falling under the jurisdiction of the Convention Relating to International Exhibitions....

 during the registration ceremony of Expo Milan 2015 in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

 on April 30, 2010.

The final plan that will be submitted to the BIE for approval is coordinated by Stefano Boeri. Currently available information suggests that the plan does not contradict the main ideas of the concept plan while adapting to the more classic exhibition standards of events of this type:
  • The idea is abandoned of providing equal amounts of space for each exhibiting country; each will have the opportunity to rent areas ranging from 400 to 6,000 square meters;
  • The buildable areas are reduced to 30% of the area assigned to each exhibitor;
  • The large navigable canal around the area is maintained;
  • The tent roofing remains only along the principal axes of the cardo and the decumanus;
  • The greenhouses will be concentrated in a single zone measuring 50,000 square meters;
  • The circular basin present in the concept plan is transformed into a theatre on the water, with performances and shows on a centrally placed stage;
  • The new plan includes, at either end of the site, the large open-air amphitheatre and the green hill created with the earth from the amphitheatre excavation;
  • An auditorium is included.

Participants

Participants in the Expo are expected to include over 120 countries plus a significant number of international organizations.

As part of the reciprocity protocol with Expo 2010
Expo 2010
Expo 2010, officially Expo 2010 Shanghai China was held on both banks of the Huangpu River in the city of Shanghai, China, from May 1 to October 31, 2010. It was a major World Expo in the tradition of international fairs and expositions, the first since 1992...

 of Shanghai
Shanghai
Shanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010...

, on December 8, 2008, China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...

 was the first country to formalize its participation in Expo Milan 2015. The first country out of the reciprocity protocol to confirm its participation was Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....

 on February 3, 2011.

Collaboration agreements

In preparation for the upcoming event, the City of Milan has signed numerous collaboration agreements with other cities in Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...

 and Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...

 in order to coordinate initiatives united by the common denominator of Expo 2015. These agreements focus principally on tourism, culture and infrastructure.

Agreements have also been signed with various countries around the world for the development of specific projects associated with food
Food
Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for the body. It is usually of plant or animal origin, and contains essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals...

 and education
Education
Education in its broadest, general sense is the means through which the aims and habits of a group of people lives on from one generation to the next. Generally, it occurs through any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts...

.

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
x
OK