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Eupen is a municipality
Municipality

A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a city, town, or village, or a small grouping of them....
 located in the Belgian
Belgium

* A small German-speaking Community of Belgium exists in eastern Wallonia. Belgium's linguistic diversity and related political and cultural conflicts are reflected in the history of Belgium and a complex Communities and regions of Belgium....
 province of Liège
Liège (province)

Li?ge is the easternmost Provinces of regions in Belgium of the Wallonia, in Belgium. It is predominantly French language speaking, with a German language speaking minority living along the eastern border with Germany and Luxembourg....
, 15 km from the German
Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
 border (Aachen
Aachen

is a historic spa town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is the westernmost city of Germany, located along its borders with Belgium and the Netherlands, 65 km west of Cologne....
), from the Dutch
Netherlands

The Netherlands is a country that is part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands is located in North-West Europe, and bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east....
 border (Maastricht
Maastricht

Maastricht is a city and a municipality in the Netherlands province of Limburg , of which it is the Capital . The city is situated on both sides of the Meuse River river in the south-eastern part of the Netherlands, near the Belgium and Germany borders....
) and from the nature reservation "Hohes Venn" (Ardennes
Ardennes

The Ardennes is a region of extensive forests, rolling hills and old mountains formed on the Givetian Ardennes mountains, primarily in Belgium and Luxembourg, but stretching into France , and geologically into the Eifel....
). The town is also the capital of the Euroregion
Euroregion

In European politics, a Euroregion is a form of transnational co-operation structure between two territories located in different European country....
 Meuse-Rhine
Meuse-Rhine Euroregion

The Meuse-Rhine Euregion is a Euroregion created in 1976, with judicial status achieved in 1991. It comprises 11.000 km? and has around 3.9 million inhabitants around the city-corridor of Aachen-Maastricht-Hasselt-Li?ge....
.

On 1 January 2006 Eupen had a total population of 18,248 (8,892 males and 9,356 females).






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Eupen Nicolas Church
Eupen is a municipality
Municipality

A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a city, town, or village, or a small grouping of them....
 located in the Belgian
Belgium

* A small German-speaking Community of Belgium exists in eastern Wallonia. Belgium's linguistic diversity and related political and cultural conflicts are reflected in the history of Belgium and a complex Communities and regions of Belgium....
 province of Liège
Liège (province)

Li?ge is the easternmost Provinces of regions in Belgium of the Wallonia, in Belgium. It is predominantly French language speaking, with a German language speaking minority living along the eastern border with Germany and Luxembourg....
, 15 km from the German
Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
 border (Aachen
Aachen

is a historic spa town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is the westernmost city of Germany, located along its borders with Belgium and the Netherlands, 65 km west of Cologne....
), from the Dutch
Netherlands

The Netherlands is a country that is part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands is located in North-West Europe, and bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east....
 border (Maastricht
Maastricht

Maastricht is a city and a municipality in the Netherlands province of Limburg , of which it is the Capital . The city is situated on both sides of the Meuse River river in the south-eastern part of the Netherlands, near the Belgium and Germany borders....
) and from the nature reservation "Hohes Venn" (Ardennes
Ardennes

The Ardennes is a region of extensive forests, rolling hills and old mountains formed on the Givetian Ardennes mountains, primarily in Belgium and Luxembourg, but stretching into France , and geologically into the Eifel....
). The town is also the capital of the Euroregion
Euroregion

In European politics, a Euroregion is a form of transnational co-operation structure between two territories located in different European country....
 Meuse-Rhine
Meuse-Rhine Euroregion

The Meuse-Rhine Euregion is a Euroregion created in 1976, with judicial status achieved in 1991. It comprises 11.000 km? and has around 3.9 million inhabitants around the city-corridor of Aachen-Maastricht-Hasselt-Li?ge....
.

On 1 January 2006 Eupen had a total population of 18,248 (8,892 males and 9,356 females). The total area is 103.74 km² which gives a population density
Population density

Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans....
 of 175.90 inhabitants per km².

After the end of the First World War, the Treaty of Versailles
Treaty of Versailles

The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaty at the end of World War I. It ended the declaration of war between German Empire and Allies of World War I....
 placed Eupen and the neighboring municipality of Malmedy
Malmedy

Malmedy is a municipality of Belgium. It lies in the country's Walloon Region and Liege . It belongs to the French Community of Belgium. On January 1, 2006 Malmedy had a total population of 11,829....
 from 1920 to 1925 under Belgian administration, in the form of the Gouvernement Eupen-Malmedy under General Herman Baltia
Herman Baltia

Baron Herman Baltia was a Belgium military officer, the son of the Belgian General Charles Baltia and of a Germans mother.In 1907 Baltia was made an officer in the Belgian Army's cartographic institute, charged with preparing a mission for setting the southern boundaries of the Belgian Congo, although he did not get to begin this task....
. The region was eventually subject to a plebiscite to determine whether the region would be permanently separated from Germany and annexed to Belgium. However, the vote was not secret, since the ballots required the name and postal address of each voter. Fearing expulsion
Expulsion

Expulsion may refer to:*Expulsion , removing a student from a school or university*Expulsion from the United States Congress*Deportation, the expulsion of someone from a country...
 if they voted for Germany, the populations of Eupen and Malmedy voted to join Belgium.

Eupen is the seat of the Council of the German speaking community in Belgium and the official language in Eupen is German
German language

German is a West Germanic languages, thus related to and classified alongside English language and Dutch language. It is one of the world's world language and the most widely spoken mother tongue in the European Union....
. There is also a small University College in Eupen, the Autonome Hochschule in der deutschsprachigen Gemeinschaft, offering bachelor degrees in Education and Nursing.

Historical sketch

  • 1213 First documentary mention of Eupen and the St. Nikolaus Chapel in the Duchy of Limburg
    Duchy of Limburg

    The Duchy of Limburg was a historical region in the Low Countries. It consisted of parts of the present Belgium provinces Li?ge and Limburg , the Netherlands province of Limburg , and a small part of North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany ....
    .
  • 1288 Following the Battle of Worringen
    Battle of Worringen

    File:Johann von Brabant Heidelberger Liederhandschrift.jpgThe Battle of Worringen was fought on June 5, 1288 near the town of Worringen , which is now the northern-most borough of Cologne....
     the Duchy of Limburg is annexed by John I. of Brabant
    Duchy of Brabant

    The Duchy of Brabant was a historical region in the Low Countries. It consisted of not only the three modern-day Belgium provinces of Flemish Brabant, Walloon Brabant and Antwerp as well as the Brussels-Capital Region, but also the present-day Netherlands province of North Brabant....
    .
  • 1387 Brabant and Limburg fall to the house of Burgundy
    Duchy of Burgundy

    The Duchy of Burgundy was a feudal territory once existing within the France in the Middle Ages. It roughly conforms to the modern Bourgogne. Existing between 843 and 1477, the Duchy was ruled by a succession of Duke of Burgundy, whose extinction with the death of Charles the Bold in 1477 led to the Duchy being absorbed into the French crown...
    . Eupen is burned to the ground during the war against Guelders
    Guelders

    Guelders or Gueldres is the name of a historical county, later duchy in the Low Countries.The duchy was named after the town of Geldern, which is now in Germany....
    .
  • 1477 Brabant and Limburg (with Eupen) become an (Austrian) Habsburg
    Habsburg

    The House of Habsburg was an important royal house of Europe and is best known as supplying all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1452 and 1740, as well as rulers of Spanish Empire and the Austrian Empire....
     possession.
  • 1544 Emperor Charles V. grants Eupen the privilege to conduct two markets per year.
  • 1555 Brabant and Limburg (with Eupen) become a Spanish-Habsburg possession.
  • 1565 First mention of Protestantism
    Protestantism

    Protestantism is a movement within Christianity that originated in the sixteenth-century Protestant Reformation. It is considered to be one of the three principal traditions of Christianity, together with Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy....
     in Eupen.
  • 1582 Eupen is burned down by Dutch troops.
  • 1635 The plague devastates the town's population.
  • 1648 Eupen obtains its own court of law.
  • 1674 Eupen obtains city rights.
  • 1680 Introduction of textile manufacture.
  • 1713 With the Treaty of Utrecht
    Treaty of Utrecht

    The Treaty of Utrecht that established the Peace of Utrecht, rather than a single document, comprises a series of individual peace treaty signed in the Dutch Republic city of Utrecht in March and April 1713....
     Brabant and Limburg (with Eupen) revert to the Austrian Habsburgs.
  • 1794 Eupen is annexed by Revolutionary France and becomes part of the département Ourthe, préfecture Liège
    Liege

    The term Liege may refer to:* Feudalism, where a liege is a party in the vassalic oath of allegiance* Li?ge Island, in the Antarctic* Li?ge , a subway station in Paris...
    , sous-préfecture Malmedy
    Malmedy

    Malmedy is a municipality of Belgium. It lies in the country's Walloon Region and Liege . It belongs to the French Community of Belgium. On January 1, 2006 Malmedy had a total population of 11,829....
    .
  • 1815 Following the Congress of Vienna
    Congress of Vienna

    The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of European states chaired by the Austrian statesman Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, and held in Vienna from September, 1814 to June, 1815....
    , Eupen becomes part of Prussia
    Prussia

    Prussia was, most recently, a historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. This state had for centuries substantial influence on Germany and European history....
    's Rhine Province
    Rhine Province

    The Rhine Province , also known as Rhenish Prussia and the Rhineland , was a Provinces of Prussia of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1822-1946....
    .
  • 1919 Treaty of Versailles
    Treaty of Versailles

    The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaty at the end of World War I. It ended the declaration of war between German Empire and Allies of World War I....
     transfers Eupen to Belgium.


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