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Essonne
 
 
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Essonne is a French
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
 department in the region
Régions of France

France is divided into 26 regions or r?gions , of which 21 are in continental metropolitan France, one is the island of Corsica, and four lie overseas....
 of Île-de-France
Île-de-France (région)

?le-de-France is one of the twenty-six administrative regions of France of France, composed mostly of the Paris metropolitan area. Created as the "District of the Paris Region" in 1961, it was renamed as the "?le-de-France" r?gion in 1976 when its administrative status was aligned with the other French administrative regions created in 1...
. It is named after the Essonne River
Essonne River

The Essonne is a 97 km long French river. It is a tributary off the left bank of the Seine. Its course crosses the departments of Loiret and Essonne, and it gives its name to the latter....
.

It was formed on 1 January 1968 with the split of the Seine-et-Oise
Seine-et-Oise

Seine-et-Oise was a d?partement in France of France encompassing the western, northern, and southern parts of the metropolitan area of Paris....
 department.

Geography
Essonne belongs to the region of Île-de-France
Île-de-France (région)

?le-de-France is one of the twenty-six administrative regions of France of France, composed mostly of the Paris metropolitan area. Created as the "District of the Paris Region" in 1961, it was renamed as the "?le-de-France" r?gion in 1976 when its administrative status was aligned with the other French administrative regions created in 1...
.

It has borders with the departments of:

All of northern Essonne department belongs to the Parisian agglomeration and is very urbanized.






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Encyclopedia


Essonne is a French
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
 department in the region
Régions of France

France is divided into 26 regions or r?gions , of which 21 are in continental metropolitan France, one is the island of Corsica, and four lie overseas....
 of Île-de-France
Île-de-France (région)

?le-de-France is one of the twenty-six administrative regions of France of France, composed mostly of the Paris metropolitan area. Created as the "District of the Paris Region" in 1961, it was renamed as the "?le-de-France" r?gion in 1976 when its administrative status was aligned with the other French administrative regions created in 1...
. It is named after the Essonne River
Essonne River

The Essonne is a 97 km long French river. It is a tributary off the left bank of the Seine. Its course crosses the departments of Loiret and Essonne, and it gives its name to the latter....
.

It was formed on 1 January 1968 with the split of the Seine-et-Oise
Seine-et-Oise

Seine-et-Oise was a d?partement in France of France encompassing the western, northern, and southern parts of the metropolitan area of Paris....
 department.

History


The Essonne department was created on 1 January 1968, from the southern portion of the former department of Seine-et-Oise
Seine-et-Oise

Seine-et-Oise was a d?partement in France of France encompassing the western, northern, and southern parts of the metropolitan area of Paris....
.

In 1969, the communes
Communes of France

The commune is the lowest level of administrative divisions in the France. The French word commune appeared in the 12th century, from Medieval Latin Medieval commune, meaning a small gathering of people sharing a common life, from Latin communis, things held in common....
 of Châteaufort
Châteaufort, Yvelines

Ch?teaufort is a Communes of France of the Yvelines Departments of France, of the ?le-de-France Regions of France, in France. It is located south of Versailles, and southwest of Paris....
 and Toussus-le-Noble
Toussus-le-Noble

Toussus-le-Noble is a Communes of France of the Yvelines Departments of France, in France....
 were separated from Essonne and added to the department of Yvelines
Yvelines

The Yvelines are a France departments of France in the regions of France of ?le-de-France ....
.

Geography


Essonne belongs to the region of Île-de-France
Île-de-France (région)

?le-de-France is one of the twenty-six administrative regions of France of France, composed mostly of the Paris metropolitan area. Created as the "District of the Paris Region" in 1961, it was renamed as the "?le-de-France" r?gion in 1976 when its administrative status was aligned with the other French administrative regions created in 1...
.

It has borders with the departments of:
  • Hauts-de-Seine
    Hauts-de-Seine

    Hauts-de-Seine is a Departments of France in France. It is part of the ?le-de-France region, and forms part of the western suburbs of Paris....
     and Val-de-Marne
    Val-de-Marne

    Val-de-Marne is a France departments of France, named after the Marne River, located in the ?le-de-France regions of France. The department is situated to the southeast of the city of Paris....
     to the north,
  • Seine-et-Marne
    Seine-et-Marne

    Seine-et-Marne is a France departments of France, named after the Seine River and Marne River rivers, and located in the ?le-de-France regions of France....
     to the east,
  • Loiret
    Loiret

    Loiret is a departments of France in north-central France named after the Loiret River....
     to the south,
  • Eure-et-Loir
    Eure-et-Loir

    Eure-et-Loir is a France departments of France, named after the Eure River and Loir River rivers....
     and Yvelines
    Yvelines

    The Yvelines are a France departments of France in the regions of France of ?le-de-France ....
     to the west.


All of northern Essonne department belongs to the Parisian agglomeration and is very urbanized. The south remains rural.

In descending order, the cities over 25,000 population are: Évry, Corbeil-Essonnes
Corbeil-Essonnes

Corbeil-Essonnes is a commune in France in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located . from the Kilometre Zero.Although neighboring ?vry, Essonne is the official seat of the Arrondissement of ?vry, the sous-pr?fecture building and administration are located inside the commune of Corbeil-Essonnes....
, Massy
Massy

Massy is a commune in France in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 14.7 kilometers from the Kilometre Zero....
, Savigny-sur-Orge
Savigny-sur-Orge

Savigny-sur-Orge is a commune in France in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 19.1 km from the Kilometre Zero in the d?partement of Essonne....
, Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois
Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois, Essonne

Sainte-Genevi?ve-des-Bois is a commune in France in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the Kilometre Zero.Sainte-Genevi?ve-des-Bois lies just north of junction 42 on the orbital Francilienne autoroute....
, Viry-Châtillon
Viry-Châtillon

Viry-Ch?tillon is a commune in France in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the Kilometre Zero.Viry-Ch?tillon is twinned with Wokingham, United Kingdom and Erftstadt, Germany....
, Athis-Mons
Athis-Mons

Athis-Mons is a commune in France in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located . from the Kilometre Zero.Inhabitants are called Ath?giens....
, Palaiseau
Palaiseau

Palaiseau is a commune in France in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the Kilometre Zero. Palaiseau is a sous-pr?fecture of the Essonne d?partement in France, being the seat of the Arrondissement of Palaiseau....
, Draveil
Draveil

Draveil is a commune in France in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located . from the Kilometre Zero.The former village of Champrosay is now part of the commune....
, Yerres
Yerres

Yerres is a commune in France in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the Kilometre Zero....
, Les Ulis
Les Ulis

Les Ulis is a ?le-de-France commune in France of Essonne located in the southwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is 23 km from the Kilometre Zero....
, and Vigneux-sur-Seine
Vigneux-sur-Seine

Vigneux-sur-Seine is a commune in France in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the Kilometre Zero....
. Milly-la-Forêt
Milly-la-Forêt

Milly-la-For?t is a commune in France in the Essonne Departments of France in France....
 is an example of its more rural communes.

Notable Places


  • L'École Polytechnique: Founded in 1794, L'Ecole Polytechnique is one of the most prestigious engineering universities in France
    France

    France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
    . This university was ranked 10th in the world by the Times Higher Education Supplement in 2005. Its campus is in the town of Palaiseau
    Palaiseau

    Palaiseau is a commune in France in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the Kilometre Zero. Palaiseau is a sous-pr?fecture of the Essonne d?partement in France, being the seat of the Arrondissement of Palaiseau....
    .
  • Université de Paris-Sud: One of the best public schools in France
    France

    France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
    , it is ranked 52nd by Academic Ranking of World Universities
    Academic Ranking of World Universities

    The Academic Ranking of World Universities is compiled by Shanghai Jiao Tong University?s Institute of Higher Education and includes major institutes of higher education ranked according to a formula that took into account alumni winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals , staff winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals , ?highly-cited researchers...
    . It is best known for its physics department. Located in Orsay
    Orsay

    Orsay is a Communes of France of Essonne, ?le-de-France located in the southwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is . from the Kilometre Zero....
    , Essonne, about 26,000 students are enrolled.
  • The Headquarters of the Arianespace
    Arianespace

    Arianespace SA is a France company and was founded in 1980. They undertake the production, operation and marketing of the Ariane 5 rocket launcher as part of the Ariane programme....
     Company    : A major commercial aerospace launcher, servicing companies who wish to launch satellites into space.
  • Château de Montlhéry
    Montlhéry

    Montlh?ry is a commune in France of the Essonne D?partements of France, in France. It is located from Paris....
    : Originally having been an ancient fort during Roman times, the first feudal lords began to inhabit the castle around 1000 AD. One major battle was fought in the castle during its lifetime. In 1465, Charles the Rash and French King Louis XI fought in the plains in front of the castle. In 1842, the reconstruction of the castle was started, and currently is being maintained by the local town of Montlhery
    Montlhéry

    Montlh?ry is a commune in France of the Essonne D?partements of France, in France. It is located from Paris....
  • Château de Courances
    Château de Courances

    The Ch?teau de Courances at Courances is a France ch?teau built in approximately 1630....
  • The Forest of Sénart
    The Forest of Sénart

    Located in Essonne, it covers 3,500 hectares in area, this forest is very important to the local population. The local government has kept roads and agricultural companies from cutting down parts of this forest....
    : Covering 3,500 hectares in area, this forest is very important to the local population. The local government has kept roads and agricultural companies from cutting down parts of this forest. The forest receives between two and three million visitors annually, and the government spends 1.2 million euros a year maintaining it.


Demographics


Immigration


See also

  • Cantons of the Essonne department
  • Communes of the Essonne department
  • Arrondissements of the Essonne department


External links