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The Esquiline Hill is one of the celebrated Seven Hills
Seven hills of Rome

The Seven Hills of Rome east of the river Tiber form the geographical heart of Rome, within the Servian Wall of the ancient city.The seven hills are:...
 of Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
. Its southern-most cusp is the Oppius (Oppian Hill
Oppian Hill

The Oppian Hill is the southern spur of the Esquiline Hill , one of the famous Seven hills of Rome of Rome. It is separated from the Cispius on the north by the valley of the Subura, and from the Caelian Hill on the south by the valley of the Colosseum....
).

origin of the name Esquilino is still under much debate. One view is that the Hill was named after the abundance of holm-oaks, exculi, that resided there. Another view is that, during Rome's infancy, the Capitolium, the Palatium, and the northern fringes of the Caelian were the most-populated areas of the city, whose inhabitants were considered inquilini, in-towners; those that inhabited the external regions - Aurelian, Oppius, Cispius, Fagutalis - were considered exquilini, suburbanites.

ng above the valley in which was later built the Colosseum
Colosseum

The Colosseum or Roman Coliseum, originally the Flavian Amphitheatre , is an elliptical amphitheatre in the center of the city of Rome, Italy, the largest ever built in the Roman Empire....
, the Esquiline was a fashionable residential district.






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The Esquiline Hill is one of the celebrated Seven Hills
Seven hills of Rome

The Seven Hills of Rome east of the river Tiber form the geographical heart of Rome, within the Servian Wall of the ancient city.The seven hills are:...
 of Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
. Its southern-most cusp is the Oppius (Oppian Hill
Oppian Hill

The Oppian Hill is the southern spur of the Esquiline Hill , one of the famous Seven hills of Rome of Rome. It is separated from the Cispius on the north by the valley of the Subura, and from the Caelian Hill on the south by the valley of the Colosseum....
).

Etymology

The origin of the name Esquilino is still under much debate. One view is that the Hill was named after the abundance of holm-oaks, exculi, that resided there. Another view is that, during Rome's infancy, the Capitolium, the Palatium, and the northern fringes of the Caelian were the most-populated areas of the city, whose inhabitants were considered inquilini, in-towners; those that inhabited the external regions - Aurelian, Oppius, Cispius, Fagutalis - were considered exquilini, suburbanites.

History

Rising above the valley in which was later built the Colosseum
Colosseum

The Colosseum or Roman Coliseum, originally the Flavian Amphitheatre , is an elliptical amphitheatre in the center of the city of Rome, Italy, the largest ever built in the Roman Empire....
, the Esquiline was a fashionable residential district. At the Oppius
Oppian Hill

The Oppian Hill is the southern spur of the Esquiline Hill , one of the famous Seven hills of Rome of Rome. It is separated from the Cispius on the north by the valley of the Subura, and from the Caelian Hill on the south by the valley of the Colosseum....
, Nero confiscated property to build his extravagant, mile-long Golden House
Domus Aurea

The Domus Aurea was a large landscaped portico villa, designed to take advantage of artificially created landscapes built in the heart of Ancient Rome by the Roman Empire Nero after the Great fire of Rome, which devastated Ancient Rome in 64 AD, had cleared away the aristocratic dwellings on the slopes of the Esquiline Hill....
, and later still Trajan constructed his bath complex,
Baths of Trajan

The Baths of Trajan, begun in AD 104 and dedicated during the Kalends of July in 109, were a massive Ancient Rome thermae and leisure complex, built in Rome....
 both of whose remains are visible today. Farther to the northeast, at the summit of the Cispius, is the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore.

In 1781, the marble statue of a Discus throw
Discus throw

The discus throw is an event in track and field competition, in which an athlete throws a heavy disk ???itself called a discus???in an attempt to mark a farther distance than his or her competitors....
er - the so-called Discobolus
Discobolus

The Discobolus of Myron is a famous Roman marble copy of a lost Greek bronze original, the latter of which was completed towards the end of the Severe style, circa 460-450 BC....
 of Myron
Myron

Myron of Eleutherae working circa 480-440 BC, was an Athenian sculpture from the mid-fifth century BC. He was born in Eleutherae on the borders of Boeotia and Attica, Greece....
 - was discovered. The tiny hamlet of El Esquilinchuche
Esquilinchuche

El Esquilinchuche is a small village in the municipality of Juticalpa, Olancho, Honduras....
 in Honduras
Honduras

Honduras is a democratic republic in Central America. It was formerly known as Spanish Honduras to differentiate it from British Honduras ....
 is named after Esquiline Hill.