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Escherichia

 
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Escherichia
 
 
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Escherichia is a genus
Genus

A genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the classification of living and fossil organisms. The taxonomic ranks are domain , kingdom , phylum, class , order , family , genus, and species....
 of Gram-negative
Gram-negative

Gram-negative bacteria are those bacteria that do not retain crystal violet dye in the Gram staining protocol. In a Gram stain test, a counterstain is added after the crystal violet, coloring all Gram-negative bacteria with a red or pink color....
, non-spore
Endospore

An endospore is a dormancy, tough, and non-reproductive structure produced by bacteria from the Firmicute phylum. Examples include Bacillus and Clostridium....
 forming, facultatively anaerobic
Facultative anaerobic organism

A facultative anaerobic organism is an organism, usually a bacterium, that makes Adenosine triphosphate by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present but is also capable of switching to Fermentation ....
, rod-shaped bacteria
Bacteria

The Bacteria are a large group of unicellular microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals....
 from the family Enterobacteriaceae
Enterobacteriaceae

The Enterobacteriaceae are a large family of bacterium, including many of the more familiar pathogens, such as Salmonella and Escherichia coli....
. Inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract
Gastrointestinal tract

The digestive tract is the system of Organ s within multicellular animals that takes in food, digestion it to extract energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste....
s of warm-blooded
Warm-blooded

In biology, a warm-blooded animal species is one whose members maintain thermal homeostasis; that is, they keep their body temperature at a roughly constant level, regardless of the ambient temperature....
 animals, Escherichia species provide a portion of the microbially-derived vitamin K
Vitamin K

Vitamin K denotes a group of lipophilic, hydrophobic vitamins that are needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins, mostly required for blood coagulation....
 for their host. Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli

'Escherichia coli' , is a Gram negative bacterium that is commonly found in the lower gastrointestinal tract of warm-blooded animals. Most E....
 are the most numerous aerobic commensal
Commensalism

In ecology, commensalism is a class of relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other is not significantly harmed or benefited....
 inhabitants of the large intestine in humans.

e many Escherichia are harmless commensals, particular strains of some species are human pathogen
Pathogen

A pathogen , infectious agent, or germ, is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its Host .There are several substrates and pathways whereby pathogens can invade a host; the principal pathways have different episodic time frames, but soil contamination has the longest or most persistent potential for harboring...
s, and are known as the most common cause of urinary tract infection
Urinary tract infection

A urinary tract infection is a bacterial infection that affects any part of the urinary tract. Although urine contains a variety of fluids, salts, and waste products, it usually does not have bacteria in it....
s, significant sources of gastrointestinal disease, ranging from simple diarrhea
Diarrhea

In medicine, diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea , is characterized by frequent loose or liquid bowel movements. The spelling of "diarrhea" is an appropriation of the Greek "diarrhoia" meaning "a flowing through." ....
 to dysentery
Dysentery

Dysentery is a disorder of the digestive system that results in severe diarrhea containing mucus and/or blood in the feces. If untreated, Dysentery can be fatal....
-like conditions, as well as a wide-range of other pathogenic states.






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Encyclopedia


Escherichia is a genus
Genus

A genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the classification of living and fossil organisms. The taxonomic ranks are domain , kingdom , phylum, class , order , family , genus, and species....
 of Gram-negative
Gram-negative

Gram-negative bacteria are those bacteria that do not retain crystal violet dye in the Gram staining protocol. In a Gram stain test, a counterstain is added after the crystal violet, coloring all Gram-negative bacteria with a red or pink color....
, non-spore
Endospore

An endospore is a dormancy, tough, and non-reproductive structure produced by bacteria from the Firmicute phylum. Examples include Bacillus and Clostridium....
 forming, facultatively anaerobic
Facultative anaerobic organism

A facultative anaerobic organism is an organism, usually a bacterium, that makes Adenosine triphosphate by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present but is also capable of switching to Fermentation ....
, rod-shaped bacteria
Bacteria

The Bacteria are a large group of unicellular microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals....
 from the family Enterobacteriaceae
Enterobacteriaceae

The Enterobacteriaceae are a large family of bacterium, including many of the more familiar pathogens, such as Salmonella and Escherichia coli....
. Inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract
Gastrointestinal tract

The digestive tract is the system of Organ s within multicellular animals that takes in food, digestion it to extract energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste....
s of warm-blooded
Warm-blooded

In biology, a warm-blooded animal species is one whose members maintain thermal homeostasis; that is, they keep their body temperature at a roughly constant level, regardless of the ambient temperature....
 animals, Escherichia species provide a portion of the microbially-derived vitamin K
Vitamin K

Vitamin K denotes a group of lipophilic, hydrophobic vitamins that are needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins, mostly required for blood coagulation....
 for their host. Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli

'Escherichia coli' , is a Gram negative bacterium that is commonly found in the lower gastrointestinal tract of warm-blooded animals. Most E....
 are the most numerous aerobic commensal
Commensalism

In ecology, commensalism is a class of relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other is not significantly harmed or benefited....
 inhabitants of the large intestine in humans.

Pathogenesis

While many Escherichia are harmless commensals, particular strains of some species are human pathogen
Pathogen

A pathogen , infectious agent, or germ, is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its Host .There are several substrates and pathways whereby pathogens can invade a host; the principal pathways have different episodic time frames, but soil contamination has the longest or most persistent potential for harboring...
s, and are known as the most common cause of urinary tract infection
Urinary tract infection

A urinary tract infection is a bacterial infection that affects any part of the urinary tract. Although urine contains a variety of fluids, salts, and waste products, it usually does not have bacteria in it....
s, significant sources of gastrointestinal disease, ranging from simple diarrhea
Diarrhea

In medicine, diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea , is characterized by frequent loose or liquid bowel movements. The spelling of "diarrhea" is an appropriation of the Greek "diarrhoia" meaning "a flowing through." ....
 to dysentery
Dysentery

Dysentery is a disorder of the digestive system that results in severe diarrhea containing mucus and/or blood in the feces. If untreated, Dysentery can be fatal....
-like conditions, as well as a wide-range of other pathogenic states. While E. coli is responsible for the vast majority of Escherichia-related pathogenesis, other members of the genus have also been implicated in human disease.,

See also

  • E. coli O157:H7
    Escherichia coli O157:H7

    Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an enterohemorrhagic strain of the Bacteria Escherichia coli and a cause of foodborne illness. Infection often leads to bloody diarrhea, and occasionally to kidney failure, especially in young children and elderly people....