Erode
Encyclopedia
Erode is a city
, a municipal corporation
and the headquarters of Erode district
in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu
.
It is situated at the center of the South Indian Peninsula, about 400 kilometres (249 mi) southwest from the state capital Chennai
and on the banks of the rivers Cauvery and Bhavani
, between 11° 19.5" and 11° 81.05" North latitude and 77° 42.5" and 77° 44.5" East longitude. As per Census2011 alignments, Erode Urban Agglomeration is located on the Western Banks of the river Cauvery, while its Twin Urban Agglomeration headed by Kumarapalayam is on the Eastern Banks of Cauvery.
Erode is well known for handloom, powerloom textile products and readymade garments and hence it is called Loom City of India or Texvalley of India. Products such as cotton sarees, bed spreads, carpets, lungies, printed fabrics, towels, dhotis are marketed here in bulk. It has also been nicknamed as Manjal Maanagaram (Turmeric city) and Javuli Nagaram (Textile city). Erode is an important city in Kongu Nadu
.
indicates that Erode CBD (old municipal area) had a population of 150,541 in an area covering just 8.44 km2..
Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Erode has an average literacy rate of 78%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 83%, and female literacy is 72%. In Erode, 9% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Eru Odai ("two streams"). This claim is based on the existence of two water courses, Perumpallam in Surampatti
and Kalingarayan Canal
in Brahmana Periya Agraharam and Kasipalayam, themselves different neighboring villages (municipalities now) distinct outside the border of the old Erode village's boundaries. There are no streams in the original township.
According to legend, Daksha
prajapathi
, father-in-law of Shiva
, conducted a yaga for which Shiva was not invited. However, his wife Dakshayani
came against the wishes of her husband. Dakshayini was heartbroken, as she was not welcomed by her parents. She threw herself to the fire in the yaga kundam and burnt to ashes. On hearing this, Shiva was enraged and severed the fifth head of Brahma
. Due to the Brahmahatyadosham, the skull remained stuck to Shiva's palm. He roamed throughout India, and when he arrived at Erode, the skull crashed and formed the Kapala Tirtha
m. The holy water of Kapala Tirtham can be found today at Arudra Kapaleeswarar Koil temple (to the left of the presiding deity in the form of a well) in Erode. This is also attested by the Bhairava Puranam. This is ratified by the presence of the place names where the other bits of skull shattered around, Vellode ("white skull"), Perode ("big skull") and Chithode ("small skull") which are located around Erode.
Vaishnavite theory states it is related to the shell of the Kurma
Vishnu
which fell at the spot.
as their Headquarters, Muslims (Modeen Sulthans) took over the rule after which Nayakars of Madurai ruled.
Hyder Ali's Regime
Then Hyder Ali
and Tippu Sultan, with occasionally rebelling polygar Dheeran Chinnamalai
had their sway. In 1799, when Tippu Sultan lost to the British, the East India Company
took over the administration after hanging Dheeran Chinnamalai
at Sankagiri
hill Fort, the Armoury Ware-house of Erode on those days.
During Hyder Ali's regime, Erode was fortificated and flourished with 300 houses and a population of 1500 . A mud fort, with a garrison of 4000 soldiers surrounded by coconut groves and fertile lands formed the boundary with river Kaveri on the north and Kalingarayan Canal
as the eastward boundary (by Bucchanan 7th and 8 November 1800).
Owing to the successive wars of Maratha
s, Mysore and British
invasions, Erode almost was deserted and ruined, including the Fortification
Rampart. However, as peace was restored by the British, people returned and settled here. Within a year it began to show growth.
The garrison withdrew in 1807, and the ruined fort at the centre of the city was leveled as a relief work during the famine of 1877. The place enclosed within the rampart
was occupied by houses, but still the place was called as Fort and there were two big religious Hindu Temples, for Lord Shiva
and Vishnu
, still remains as inside the Fort.
Erode formed part of the ancient Kongu country known as Kongu Nadu
, whose history dates back to the Sangam period era. It is found that in the early days, this area was occupied by tribes, most prominent among them being the "Kosars" reportedly having their headquarters at 'Kosamputhur' which is believed to have in due course become Coimbatore. These tribes were overpowered by the Rashtrakutas from whom the region fell into the hands of the Cholas who ruled supreme during the time of Raja Raja Chola. On the decline of Cholas, the Kongunadu came to be occupied by the Chalukyas and later by the Pandyas of Madurai
and Hoysalas.
Projected population
Erode in general is characterised with scanty rainfall and a dry climate. The maximum rainfall is recorded in Gobichettipalayam. The Palghat gap in the Western Ghats, which has a soothing effect in the climate of Coimbatore District, does not render much help in bringing down the dryness of the climate in this area. The cool-wind that gushes out of the west coast through Palghat gap loses its coolness and becomes dry by the time it crosses Coimbatore district and reaches the Erode region.
Erode has moderate-dry weather throughout except during the monsoon season. Generally the first two months of the year are pleasant, but in March, the mercury gains an upward trend which persists till the end of May. The highest temperature is normally recorded during May. The scanty showers during this period do not provide any relief from the oppressive heat. There is a light improvement in the climate during June–August period. During this pre-monsoon period, the mercury reverses its trend and by September, the sky gets overcast heavily but the rains are meagre. the north-east monsoon sets in vigorously only during October–November and by December, the rains disappear rendering the climate clear but pleasant.
rampart
. Even though now the Fort was no more, but the religious temples of Lord Shiva and SriRanganathar occupy the area. These two temples were built together inside a single fort, still unites the Saiva and Vaishnava concepts of Hinduism
. Concentric rectangular streets surround the temples, symbolizing the structure of the cosmos. The entire city is laid out in the shape, with these Fortified temples as the Centre. The main business district of Erode is formed around this area, such as, Easwaran Kovil street, Clock Tower, Brough Road, PS Park, etc.
, 60 Wards . It also serves as the headquarters of the district with the same name (Erode District). The city has one Member of Parliament constituency.
The city is headed by a Mayor, the Deputy Mayor and several councilors representing the administrative wards; as well as a corporation Commissioner of the rank of IAS to administer the city. The district is headed by the District Collector of the rank of IAS. The District court is the highest court of appeal in Erode.
The Erode Municipality which was first constituted in 1871, was upgraded from selection grade Municipality to special grade Municipality with effect from 1 March 1980 and later to City Municipal Corporation on 1 January 2008.
Intra-city transportation
The Central Bus Terminus of the city is the first in India, to provide Air-Conditioned waiting Hall for passengers. It is given Grade-A. It avails both City bus terminal, Mofussil terminal and additionally for Mini bus service in the city. It is located near Swastik Circle, so might be called Swastik Bus Terminus.
Other bus stations in the city include Solar
(South), Thindal
(West), and one proposed at Chithode
, off NH-47 By-pass, to make it as Integrated Bus Terminus for Erode.
Also there are a few bus stations inside the city, providing only city bus services, at Railway Junction Campus, Surampatti
, Pallipalayam
and SPB Colony
.
Inter-city transportation
TNSTC - ERODE
The Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation (TNSTC) has a divisional headquarters at Erode. Originally called as Jeeva Transport Corporation (JTC), it came into being by bifurcation of the Cheran Transport Corporation (headquartered at Coimbatore). It started functioning from 1 April 1983, with the principal area of operation in the Erode District, parts of Tirupur, Namakkal, Salem and Karur Districts. It was renamed as Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation, Erode Limited (Coimbatore Division-II) on 1 July 1997. The fleet strength as on 31 March 2005 was 1218. During the year 2003-2005, 114 buses were purchased for replacement.
Special services
Distances from other major cities
Highways
Proposed highways
Railway station located near Bull-fight Circle. Two new lines have been proposed for Mysore (via Gobichettipalayam, Chamaraj Nagar) and Palani.
It has state of the art technology in electrification and was the first electrified link from Chennai with broad gauge conversion. Erode Junction has the distinction of being the third cleanest railway junction in India, after Bhopal Habibganj
Railway Station (Bhopal) and Secunderabad Railway Station
(Hyderabad) in India.
It also serves as the hub for water filling facilities, food provision and toilet cleaning to all long distance trains that run along the length and breadth of the country via Erode. The station is well connected by buses round the clock. And there is one Local Town Bus Terminus in the Railway Junction Campus for City Buses all round the entire city.
and Cauvery. Motor boat and ferry
boat services are available to pass through the rivers.
Permanent boat stations are available at Lakkapuram
, Solar
, Natadreeswarar Temple
, Karungalpalayam
, Pallipalayam
, Agraharam
, Karanampalayam, Bhavani
and Kalingarayanpalayam.
, and a Technological Institute Institute of Road & Transport Technology, run by all transport corporations of Tamil Nadu(TNSTC).
Apart from these major hospitals, the city houses a lot of hospitals, even a small street will have minimum two hospitals.
IRT Perundurai Medical College
managed by Institute of Road & Transport runs a big hospital with Research Center.
in effect with the revised demarcation of constituencies.
Erode’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth for year 2008 stood at 15.5 per cent was the top in the State and ahead of the State’s [GDP] growth by 4 per cent.
The industries that are located within Erode city belong to mainly oil and rice mills and allied trades, such as engineering works, automobiles and power looms. The industries such as dyeing and powerloom textiles are predominant in Local Planning Authority. Industries belonging to Dhal mill, Cotton textiles, Vanaspathy manufacturing, wax and screen printing, powerloom, sizing, wrapping and printing press are also found in and around Erode city.
Within the city, the industrial units occupy 16.69% of the city area whereas the industrial belt as a whole covers 136 hectares and accounts for 4.80% of the Erode LPA.
The extent of the Erode local planning area (LPA) is 76.21 km². Developed land within the local planning area constitutes 13.44% of the total area. The developed area in the municipal area alone constitutes 83.25% of the total municipal area.
The commercial area has been developed along the roadsides in all major roads, in municipal area along Kongan road near the southern boundary of the local planning area. The commercial area in Erode city is concentrated near the junction of Brough road and Cutchery road and Bazaar area, i.e., around PS Park
Erode is one among the industrially developing Cities. Industry and Trade occupy a place of prominence in the economy of the City. Industries that flourished in early days in and around Erode area were handloom weaving and carpet manufacturing. The advent of modern era has changed these industries to some extent and the powerloom weaving is slowly replacing it. There are 24189 registered SSI units as on 31.12.2000 in the district besides 59 Large Scale Units.
on NH-47, connecting Coimbatore.
is the major business in the city. Erode is well known for marketing of handloom, power-loom and ready-made garments and textile
s. Loomed products are marketed here in bulk. Erode produces about 47% of state's total textile needs. Erode occupies many textile markets, among which Gani Market in PS Park, is the biggest one. Merchants from all over India participate in this. The market opens on Monday evening and closes on Tuesday morning, and mean-whiles it takes a turn-over of about 5-6 Crores of Indian Rupees.
Behind this, the other textile markets in the city are open for all days. Most of the people involved in textiles are migrants from U.P.
, Bihar
, Rajasthan
. There exist over 1000 such families in Erode. One would find most of their offices in areas like N.M.S Compound, Thirunagar Colony and Indra Nagar,Chockanathar street.
Power-Loom, Hand-Loom were major occupation in this area, producing a lot of textile goods.
with Erode. After completely occupying this length, they are now shifting towards Chithode
line.
.
Industrial Complex, is one of the major industrial projects, which houses a lot of textile, leather processing, steel, food processing industries. This industrial complex is under expansion and processed with starting of Textile SEZ
. Parryware is going to install a new modernised manufacturing unit in this Special Economic Zone.
There are two TANSIDCO Industrial Estates, one near Diesel-shed and another near N.Uttukuli-Solar, managed by EDISSIA, Small Scale Industries Development Association of Erode.
In line with the ancient architecture of the city, the business set up in the city is confined to a particular industry in a street and can find series of shops selling the similar products. RKV Road is crowded with branded Textile and Jewellery showrooms. Easwaran Kovil Street is fully stuffed with thousands of whole-sale textile merchants shops, Gandhiji Road with Textile Retail shops and textile markets, Hundreds of Jewellery shops in Pon Street, Goods Transports and Fruit Godowns in Nethaji Road, Electronic goods in Brough Road, Automobile spare parts in EVN Road and Mobile show rooms in Mettur Road, hardwares in Sathy Road, Non-veg food stuffs in Surampatti 4 Roads, all exclusive showrooms in Perundurai Road. Printing and Hotels in Akil-medu Street, Books and Note Books in PS Park. There are separate streets with retail shops for decorative articles, Bangles, Gift Articles, Gold and Ornaments, Chemicals and Pharmas etc.
There are cinema halls or multiplexes for all classes of people. Apart from Tamil movies, some of Hindi and English movies also released in the city. Muthuram Complex, Brough Complex and Corporation Shopping mall near Clock Tower form the major landmarks for the retail business outlets in the city.
There are other shopping places like Mega Mart, Big Bazaar, Raymonds, Chennai Silks, Kalyan Jewellers, Sangeetha Shopping Malls, TATA Gold-plus, Peter England, Alukkas, Kannan Departments, Derby, Titan Raaga, Malabar Gold, Textile bazaars,Sri Durga Textiles,Sri Ganapthi Textile,Sri Karthikeya textiles etc.
Apart from FMCG retail, Erode is also famous for hardware, motor and pumps retail. Lot of people from neighboring village and Karnataka will come to sell turmeric
and they shop cheap hardwares in Erode.
, and coconut
. The coconut and turmeric is received in major part from Erode, and in minor from other parts of Tamil Nadu, and adjoining districts like Mysore, Chamarajanagar
in Karnataka
State.
It is famous also for rice
and oil mills, as well as dairy. It is also one of the largest coconut oil producers in south-India.
is involved in the game.
Sallikattu -சல்லிகட்டு or Eruthazhuvuthal -ஏருதழுவுதல் is a bull
taming sport
played in Tamil Nadu
as a part of Pongal
celebration. This sport is also known as "Manju Virattu", meaning "chasing the bull".
The Bull-fight Circle (காளைமாடு சிலை சதுக்கம்) is a major landmark and also the business centre near Erode Junction
railway station.
Erode stands first in production and marketing of Turmeric, all over Asia. Erode processes three major markets for Turmeric Trading, in which merchants from most of the southern states participate.
The city is built around a demolished fort, which includes a temple for Arudra Kabaleeswar (Shiva
) praising the Saiva concept and another for Kasthuri Ranganatha Perumal (Vishnu
) praising the Vaishnava concept of Hinduism
. The speciality is that both are in the same campus for unity.
Churches
as its base. Erode flavours are generally fairly mild to spicy. One can get to taste the authentic Kongu
cuisine in Erode. Most locals still retain their rural flavour, with many restaurants serving food on a banana leaf. The Pallipalayam variety of dishes is very special and popular throughout South India
. Pallipalayam Chicken is known for its spicy curry. North Indian, Chinese
and continental cuisines are also available in the city restaurants. The Keda Virunthu (Mutton treat) is also famous also available in most of the Restaurants and Hotels.
City
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...
, a municipal corporation
Erode Municipal Corporation
Erode Municipal Corporation ) is a civic administrative body that governs the City of Erode, India. The Corporation consists of a legislative boby, headed by the City Mayor and an executive body headed by the Corporation Commissioner...
and the headquarters of Erode district
Erode District
Erode District is a western district of the state of Tamil Nadu, India, with Erode as its headquarters. Until the year 1996, Erode district was called as Periyar District....
in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu is one of the 28 states of India. Its capital and largest city is Chennai. Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian Peninsula and is bordered by the union territory of Pondicherry, and the states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh...
.
It is situated at the center of the South Indian Peninsula, about 400 kilometres (249 mi) southwest from the state capital Chennai
Chennai
Chennai , formerly known as Madras or Madarasapatinam , is the capital city of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal. Chennai is the fourth most populous metropolitan area and the sixth most populous city in India...
and on the banks of the rivers Cauvery and Bhavani
Bhavani River
The Bhavani is the second largest river in Tamil Nadu, South India and a major tributary of the Kaveri River, the longest river in Tamil Nadu.-Description:...
, between 11° 19.5" and 11° 81.05" North latitude and 77° 42.5" and 77° 44.5" East longitude. As per Census2011 alignments, Erode Urban Agglomeration is located on the Western Banks of the river Cauvery, while its Twin Urban Agglomeration headed by Kumarapalayam is on the Eastern Banks of Cauvery.
Erode is well known for handloom, powerloom textile products and readymade garments and hence it is called Loom City of India or Texvalley of India. Products such as cotton sarees, bed spreads, carpets, lungies, printed fabrics, towels, dhotis are marketed here in bulk. It has also been nicknamed as Manjal Maanagaram (Turmeric city) and Javuli Nagaram (Textile city). Erode is an important city in Kongu Nadu
Kongu Nadu
Kongu Nadu is a region comprising the western part of the Tamil Nadu India. The region is bounded on the west and north-west by the Karnataka state, on the west by the Kerala state, on the east by Tondai Nadu, on the south-east by Chola Nadu and on the south by Madurai regions of...
.
Demographics
, the Indian censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
indicates that Erode CBD (old municipal area) had a population of 150,541 in an area covering just 8.44 km2..
Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Erode has an average literacy rate of 78%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 83%, and female literacy is 72%. In Erode, 9% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Etymology
Modern historians contend that Erode has its origin in TamilTamil language
Tamil is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamil people of the Indian subcontinent. It has official status in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and in the Indian union territory of Pondicherry. Tamil is also an official language of Sri Lanka and Singapore...
Eru Odai ("two streams"). This claim is based on the existence of two water courses, Perumpallam in Surampatti
Surampatti
Surampatti is a Neighbourhood locality in the City of Erode. Until 2010, it was an independent Municipal Administrative body with a population of about 35,000 and in 2011, it has been officially combined with the Integrated Erode Municipal Corporation.And presently, this has been converted as the...
and Kalingarayan Canal
Kalingarayan Canal
The Kalingarayan Canal is a 90-mile long irrigation canal in the Erode region of Tamil Nadu, India. It was constructed by Kongu chieftain Kalingarayan and completed in the year 1283...
in Brahmana Periya Agraharam and Kasipalayam, themselves different neighboring villages (municipalities now) distinct outside the border of the old Erode village's boundaries. There are no streams in the original township.
According to legend, Daksha
Daksha
In Hinduism, Daksha, "the skilled one", is an ancient creator god, one of the Prajapatis, the Rishis and the Adityas. Daksha is said to be the son of Aditi and Brahma...
prajapathi
Prajapathi
Prajapathi is a Malayalam movie directed by Ranjith. The film has Mammootty in the lead role with Kannada actress Aditi Rao Hydari doing the female lead. Sandhya is also in the cast. The music is by Tej Manoj and lyrics are by Girish Puthencherry...
, father-in-law of Shiva
Shiva
Shiva is a major Hindu deity, and is the destroyer god or transformer among the Trimurti, the Hindu Trinity of the primary aspects of the divine. God Shiva is a yogi who has notice of everything that happens in the world and is the main aspect of life. Yet one with great power lives a life of a...
, conducted a yaga for which Shiva was not invited. However, his wife Dakshayani
Dakshayani
Dākshāyani or Satī is a Hindu Goddess of marital felicity and longevity. She is worshipped particularly by Hindu women to seek the long life of their husbands...
came against the wishes of her husband. Dakshayini was heartbroken, as she was not welcomed by her parents. She threw herself to the fire in the yaga kundam and burnt to ashes. On hearing this, Shiva was enraged and severed the fifth head of Brahma
Brahma
Brahma is the Hindu god of creation and one of the Trimurti, the others being Vishnu and Shiva. According to the Brahma Purana, he is the father of Mānu, and from Mānu all human beings are descended. In the Ramayana and the...
. Due to the Brahmahatyadosham, the skull remained stuck to Shiva's palm. He roamed throughout India, and when he arrived at Erode, the skull crashed and formed the Kapala Tirtha
Tirtha
In Jainism, a tīrtha |ford]], a shallow part of a body of water that may be easily crossed") is used to refer both to pilgrimage sites as well as to the four sections of the sangha...
m. The holy water of Kapala Tirtham can be found today at Arudra Kapaleeswarar Koil temple (to the left of the presiding deity in the form of a well) in Erode. This is also attested by the Bhairava Puranam. This is ratified by the presence of the place names where the other bits of skull shattered around, Vellode ("white skull"), Perode ("big skull") and Chithode ("small skull") which are located around Erode.
Vaishnavite theory states it is related to the shell of the Kurma
Kurma
In Hinduism, Kurma was the second Avatar of Vishnu. Like the Matsya Avatar also belongs to the Satya yuga.-Samudra manthan :...
Vishnu
Vishnu
Vishnu is the Supreme god in the Vaishnavite tradition of Hinduism. Smarta followers of Adi Shankara, among others, venerate Vishnu as one of the five primary forms of God....
which fell at the spot.
History
Erode was under the regime of local Gangakulam kings forming indegenous Chera kings and Western Ganga Dynasty. After a short rule of Cholas with DharapuramDharapuram
Dharapuram is a town and a municipality in the Tirupur district of the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Dharapuram one of the Oldest Town in Tiruppur District. Dharapuram, then known as Rajarajapuram was the capital of Kongu Nadu under Kongu Cholas. The Amaravathi River flows through the ancient...
as their Headquarters, Muslims (Modeen Sulthans) took over the rule after which Nayakars of Madurai ruled.
Hyder Ali's Regime
Then Hyder Ali
Hyder Ali
Hyder Ali was the de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India. Born Hyder Naik, he distinguished himself militarily, eventually drawing the attention of Mysore's rulers...
and Tippu Sultan, with occasionally rebelling polygar Dheeran Chinnamalai
Dheeran Chinnamalai
Dheeran Chinnamalai was a Kongu chieftain and Palayakkarar from Tamil Nadu who rose up in revolt against the British East India Company in the Kongu Nadu, Southern India...
had their sway. In 1799, when Tippu Sultan lost to the British, the East India Company
East India Company
The East India Company was an early English joint-stock company that was formed initially for pursuing trade with the East Indies, but that ended up trading mainly with the Indian subcontinent and China...
took over the administration after hanging Dheeran Chinnamalai
Dheeran Chinnamalai
Dheeran Chinnamalai was a Kongu chieftain and Palayakkarar from Tamil Nadu who rose up in revolt against the British East India Company in the Kongu Nadu, Southern India...
at Sankagiri
Sankagiri
Sankagiri Fort is a historical fort maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India. It is located 22 km from the city of Erode and 38 km from Salem.- SANKAGIRI FORT :...
hill Fort, the Armoury Ware-house of Erode on those days.
During Hyder Ali's regime, Erode was fortificated and flourished with 300 houses and a population of 1500 . A mud fort, with a garrison of 4000 soldiers surrounded by coconut groves and fertile lands formed the boundary with river Kaveri on the north and Kalingarayan Canal
Kalingarayan Canal
The Kalingarayan Canal is a 90-mile long irrigation canal in the Erode region of Tamil Nadu, India. It was constructed by Kongu chieftain Kalingarayan and completed in the year 1283...
as the eastward boundary (by Bucchanan 7th and 8 November 1800).
Owing to the successive wars of Maratha
Maratha
The Maratha are an Indian caste, predominantly in the state of Maharashtra. The term Marāthā has three related usages: within the Marathi speaking region it describes the dominant Maratha caste; outside Maharashtra it can refer to the entire regional population of Marathi-speaking people;...
s, Mysore and British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
invasions, Erode almost was deserted and ruined, including the Fortification
Fortification
Fortifications are military constructions and buildings designed for defence in warfare and military bases. Humans have constructed defensive works for many thousands of years, in a variety of increasingly complex designs...
Rampart. However, as peace was restored by the British, people returned and settled here. Within a year it began to show growth.
The garrison withdrew in 1807, and the ruined fort at the centre of the city was leveled as a relief work during the famine of 1877. The place enclosed within the rampart
Defensive wall
A defensive wall is a fortification used to protect a city or settlement from potential aggressors. In ancient to modern times, they were used to enclose settlements...
was occupied by houses, but still the place was called as Fort and there were two big religious Hindu Temples, for Lord Shiva
Shiva
Shiva is a major Hindu deity, and is the destroyer god or transformer among the Trimurti, the Hindu Trinity of the primary aspects of the divine. God Shiva is a yogi who has notice of everything that happens in the world and is the main aspect of life. Yet one with great power lives a life of a...
and Vishnu
Vishnu
Vishnu is the Supreme god in the Vaishnavite tradition of Hinduism. Smarta followers of Adi Shankara, among others, venerate Vishnu as one of the five primary forms of God....
, still remains as inside the Fort.
Erode formed part of the ancient Kongu country known as Kongu Nadu
Kongu Nadu
Kongu Nadu is a region comprising the western part of the Tamil Nadu India. The region is bounded on the west and north-west by the Karnataka state, on the west by the Kerala state, on the east by Tondai Nadu, on the south-east by Chola Nadu and on the south by Madurai regions of...
, whose history dates back to the Sangam period era. It is found that in the early days, this area was occupied by tribes, most prominent among them being the "Kosars" reportedly having their headquarters at 'Kosamputhur' which is believed to have in due course become Coimbatore. These tribes were overpowered by the Rashtrakutas from whom the region fell into the hands of the Cholas who ruled supreme during the time of Raja Raja Chola. On the decline of Cholas, the Kongunadu came to be occupied by the Chalukyas and later by the Pandyas of Madurai
Madurai
Madurai is the third largest city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. It served as the capital city of the Pandyan Kingdom. It is the administrative headquarters of Madurai District and is famous for its temples built by Pandyan and...
and Hoysalas.
Projected population
| Year | Population | Type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 159,232 | census | official |
| 2001 | 150,541 | census | official |
| 2011 | 156,953 | provisional |
| no. | Domain | Population Rank | Rank in UA | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | World | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| 2 | Asia | Nil | Nil | |
| 3 | India | 356 | ||
| 4 | Tamil Nadu | 7 | 6 |
Geography and climate
Erode Local planning Area extends up to 54sq.km. within the city, and will be extended to 109 km2.Erode in general is characterised with scanty rainfall and a dry climate. The maximum rainfall is recorded in Gobichettipalayam. The Palghat gap in the Western Ghats, which has a soothing effect in the climate of Coimbatore District, does not render much help in bringing down the dryness of the climate in this area. The cool-wind that gushes out of the west coast through Palghat gap loses its coolness and becomes dry by the time it crosses Coimbatore district and reaches the Erode region.
Erode has moderate-dry weather throughout except during the monsoon season. Generally the first two months of the year are pleasant, but in March, the mercury gains an upward trend which persists till the end of May. The highest temperature is normally recorded during May. The scanty showers during this period do not provide any relief from the oppressive heat. There is a light improvement in the climate during June–August period. During this pre-monsoon period, the mercury reverses its trend and by September, the sky gets overcast heavily but the rains are meagre. the north-east monsoon sets in vigorously only during October–November and by December, the rains disappear rendering the climate clear but pleasant.
Architecture
Erode was built around the Hyder Ali's FortificatedFortification
Fortifications are military constructions and buildings designed for defence in warfare and military bases. Humans have constructed defensive works for many thousands of years, in a variety of increasingly complex designs...
rampart
Defensive wall
A defensive wall is a fortification used to protect a city or settlement from potential aggressors. In ancient to modern times, they were used to enclose settlements...
. Even though now the Fort was no more, but the religious temples of Lord Shiva and SriRanganathar occupy the area. These two temples were built together inside a single fort, still unites the Saiva and Vaishnava concepts of Hinduism
Hinduism
Hinduism is the predominant and indigenous religious tradition of the Indian Subcontinent. Hinduism is known to its followers as , amongst many other expressions...
. Concentric rectangular streets surround the temples, symbolizing the structure of the cosmos. The entire city is laid out in the shape, with these Fortified temples as the Centre. The main business district of Erode is formed around this area, such as, Easwaran Kovil street, Clock Tower, Brough Road, PS Park, etc.
Civic administration
Erode city is administrated by Erode Municipal CorporationErode Municipal Corporation
Erode Municipal Corporation ) is a civic administrative body that governs the City of Erode, India. The Corporation consists of a legislative boby, headed by the City Mayor and an executive body headed by the Corporation Commissioner...
, 60 Wards . It also serves as the headquarters of the district with the same name (Erode District). The city has one Member of Parliament constituency.
The city is headed by a Mayor, the Deputy Mayor and several councilors representing the administrative wards; as well as a corporation Commissioner of the rank of IAS to administer the city. The district is headed by the District Collector of the rank of IAS. The District court is the highest court of appeal in Erode.
The Erode Municipality which was first constituted in 1871, was upgraded from selection grade Municipality to special grade Municipality with effect from 1 March 1980 and later to City Municipal Corporation on 1 January 2008.
Police force
The city's police force is headed by a Superintendent of police (SP). This post will soon be replaced by a City Police Commissioner in the rank of Inspector General (IG) of Police.Direction compass
Road
The roadway connects all the parts of the state and nearby states such as Kerala, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh with the city. The City has both local (City) and mofussil (city-to-city) bus services with connections to nearby towns and villages. Plenty of city buses are ply to connect all parts of the city. One can get buses from Erode to almost any part of the state.Intra-city transportation
- Deluxe Service
- Bus Station to Bus Station
- Railway Junction Campus Services
- Night Services
The Central Bus Terminus of the city is the first in India, to provide Air-Conditioned waiting Hall for passengers. It is given Grade-A. It avails both City bus terminal, Mofussil terminal and additionally for Mini bus service in the city. It is located near Swastik Circle, so might be called Swastik Bus Terminus.
Other bus stations in the city include Solar
Solar, Erode
Solar is a selection Grade residential town located 6 km from Erode Junction, Tamilnadu, India, well known for the Temple of Lord Muruga at Lakkapuram Hill. Solar includes the geographical area that is now called as "Solar Junction" and the area that surrounds the Karur Highway Road till...
(South), Thindal
Thindal
Thindal is a selection Grade urban area, located 8 km from Erode Junction and 7 km from Central Bus Terminus, Tamilnadu, India, well known for the Thindal Murugan Temple - a model of Birla Mandir....
(West), and one proposed at Chithode
Chithode
Chithode or Chittode is a panchayat town near Erode in the state of Tamil Nadu, India.-Demographics: India census, Chithode had a population of 7,695. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Chithode has an average literacy rate of 70%, higher than the national average of 59.5%;...
, off NH-47 By-pass, to make it as Integrated Bus Terminus for Erode.
Also there are a few bus stations inside the city, providing only city bus services, at Railway Junction Campus, Surampatti
Surampatti
Surampatti is a Neighbourhood locality in the City of Erode. Until 2010, it was an independent Municipal Administrative body with a population of about 35,000 and in 2011, it has been officially combined with the Integrated Erode Municipal Corporation.And presently, this has been converted as the...
, Pallipalayam
Pallipalayam
Pallipalayam is a sub-urban town in Namakkal district, India. It is located across the city of Erode, besides the Kaveri River. It falls under Tiruchengode sub-district and Komarapalayam Legislative Constituency and Erode Parliamentary Constituency. The panchayat was constituted in the year 1963,...
and SPB Colony
SPB Colony
SPB Colony is a residential locality in the Urban Agglomeration of Erode in Indian state of Tamil Nadu....
.
Inter-city transportation
TNSTC - ERODE
The Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation (TNSTC) has a divisional headquarters at Erode. Originally called as Jeeva Transport Corporation (JTC), it came into being by bifurcation of the Cheran Transport Corporation (headquartered at Coimbatore). It started functioning from 1 April 1983, with the principal area of operation in the Erode District, parts of Tirupur, Namakkal, Salem and Karur Districts. It was renamed as Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation, Erode Limited (Coimbatore Division-II) on 1 July 1997. The fleet strength as on 31 March 2005 was 1218. During the year 2003-2005, 114 buses were purchased for replacement.
Special services
- ERO-100 Nonstop service between Erode-Coimbatore
- ERO-100 A/C Express Nonstop
- Byepass Express Marcopolo Erode-Coimbatore
- 1-2-3 Service between Erode-Coimbatore
- Byepass NH-47 between Coimbatore-Salem via Erode bypass
Distances from other major cities
| Sl no | City | Distance (km) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chennai | 428 |
| 2 | Bangalore | 260 |
| 3 | Coimbatore | 89 |
| 4 | Salem | 66 |
| 5 | Trichy | 125 |
| 6 | Tirupur | 50 |
| 7 | Karur | 66 |
| 8 | Mysore | 180 |
| 9 | Tirunelveli | 315 |
| 10 | Madurai | 200 |
| 11 | Ooty | 135 |
| 12 | Vellore | 250 |
| 13 | Mangalore | 315 |
| 14 | Karaikudi | 350 |
| 15 | Kochi | 310 |
| 16 | Thrissur | 190 |
Highways
- NH 544National Highway 544 (India)National Highway 544, commonly referred to as NH 544, is a long highway connecting the city of Salem to Kochi city in southern India. The highway runs through the states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu, connecting various important cities and towns such as Salem, Coimbatore, Palakkad, Thrissur and Kochi...
connecting Salem – CoimbatoreCoimbatoreCoimbatore , also known as Kovai , is the second largest city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is a major commercial centre in Tamil Nadu and is known as the "Manchester of South India"....
– Cochin passes through Erode and Bypasses the city via BhavaniBhavaniBhavani is a ferocious aspect of the Hindu goddess Parvati. Bhavani means "giver of life", the power of nature or the source of creative energy. In addition to her ferocious aspect, she is also known as Karunaswaroopini, "filled with mercy"....
(Lakshminagar by-pass), ChithodeChithodeChithode or Chittode is a panchayat town near Erode in the state of Tamil Nadu, India.-Demographics: India census, Chithode had a population of 7,695. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Chithode has an average literacy rate of 70%, higher than the national average of 59.5%;...
, PerunduraiPerunduraiPerundurai is a Town Panchayat and taluk in Erode district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on National Highway 47, which bye-passes the city of Erode from here, between Salem and Coimbatore....
, which is the major National Highway connectivity for the city. - SH 79 connecting RasipuramRasipuramRasipuram is a municipal corporation in Namakkal district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is a town from Salem, India.-History:...
- TiruchengodeTiruchengode-Location:Tiruchengode is in south India in the state of Tamil Nadu, approximately 18 km from the City of Erode, 44 km from Salem, and 35 km from Namakkal.-Major Occupations:...
- PallipalayamPallipalayamPallipalayam is a sub-urban town in Namakkal district, India. It is located across the city of Erode, besides the Kaveri River. It falls under Tiruchengode sub-district and Komarapalayam Legislative Constituency and Erode Parliamentary Constituency. The panchayat was constituted in the year 1963,...
- Erode - SH-15State Highway 15 (Tamil Nadu)Tamil Nadu State Highway 15 is a Highway maintained under the control of Highways Department of Government of Tamil Nadu.It connects Erode with Ooty. The total length of the SH-15 is 141 km....
connecting Erode – GobiGobichettipalayamGobi or Gobichettipalayam is a Municipality in Erode District of Tamil Nadu state, India. A major part of present Gobichettipalayam was previously known as Veerapandi Gramam, and documents and records still use that name. Gobichettipalayam is an important city in the North- Western part of Erode...
– Sathy – Ooty
Proposed highways
- NH-67A connecting KarurKarurKarur is a large town and a municipality in Karur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu situated on the banks of Amaravati. Karur district was formed on 30 September 1995 by trifurcating Tiruchirappalli district. It is the administrative headquarters of Karur District. Karur has a very long...
– Erode – Sathy – Mysore - Another planned from Erode (Bhavani) – AnthiyurAnthiyurAnthiyur is a panchayat town in Erode district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India.-Geography:Andiyur is located at . It has an average elevation of .-Demographics:...
– BangaloreBangaloreBengaluru , formerly called Bengaluru is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bangalore is nicknamed the Garden City and was once called a pensioner's paradise. Located on the Deccan Plateau in the south-eastern part of Karnataka, Bangalore is India's third most populous city and... - A goods cum electric power way between Erode and MetturMetturMettur is an industrial Town municipality in Salem district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. It is best known for the Mettur Dam.However in recent years it has been associated with rampant industrial polluting, with the Chennai-based Community Environmental Monitoring arguing in their report...
Rail
Erode JunctionErode Junction
Erode Junction Railway Station is the main railway station in the City of Erode, in the state of Tamil Nadu in India, located at 3 km from Erode Central Bus Terminus at Swastik Circle....
Railway station located near Bull-fight Circle. Two new lines have been proposed for Mysore (via Gobichettipalayam, Chamaraj Nagar) and Palani.
| Line No. | Towards | Passing Through Station | Type / Track |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Salem Junction | Sankari Durg | Broad, Electrified - Double Track |
| 2 | Coimbatore Junction | Tiruppur | Broad, Electrified - Double Track |
| 3 | Trichy Junction | Karur | Broad, Single Track |
| 4 | SPB Paper Factory | Electric Locomotive Shed | Broad - for Goods |
| 5 | SIPCOT - SEZ (Perundurai) | Diesel Locomotive Shed | Broad - for Goods |
It has state of the art technology in electrification and was the first electrified link from Chennai with broad gauge conversion. Erode Junction has the distinction of being the third cleanest railway junction in India, after Bhopal Habibganj
Bhopal Habibganj
Bhopal Habibgan Railway Station is a railway station in Bhopal City and part of the West Central Railway. It is located in Habibganj, New Bhopal.-Location:The Railway Station of Habibganj is located :...
Railway Station (Bhopal) and Secunderabad Railway Station
Secunderabad Railway Station
Secunderabad Railway Station , also referred as Secunderabad Junction, is a major intercity rail station and a commuter rail hub in the Hyderabad Urban Area. It is located in the city of Secunderabad and falls under the South Central Railway zone of Indian Railways...
(Hyderabad) in India.
It also serves as the hub for water filling facilities, food provision and toilet cleaning to all long distance trains that run along the length and breadth of the country via Erode. The station is well connected by buses round the clock. And there is one Local Town Bus Terminus in the Railway Junction Campus for City Buses all round the entire city.
Air
Nearest airports to the city are;- Coimbatore AirportCoimbatore AirportCoimbatore Airport is a customs airport located at Peelamedu, Coimbatore. It was previously known as Coimbatore Civil Aerodrome. It is about from the city center. It is located along Peelamedu and Neelambur, with passenger entry at Neelambur and cargo entry at Peelamedu...
(85 km) - Salem AirportSalem Airport (India)Salem Airport is located in Kamalapuram, Salem, India. This airport serves Salem city and the districts of Salem, Dharmapuri and Krishnagiri. Salem Airport is being connected only by from Chennai....
(75 km)
Water
Inland water transportation is found in Bhavani RiverBhavani River
The Bhavani is the second largest river in Tamil Nadu, South India and a major tributary of the Kaveri River, the longest river in Tamil Nadu.-Description:...
and Cauvery. Motor boat and ferry
Ferry
A ferry is a form of transportation, usually a boat, but sometimes a ship, used to carry primarily passengers, and sometimes vehicles and cargo as well, across a body of water. Most ferries operate on regular, frequent, return services...
boat services are available to pass through the rivers.
Permanent boat stations are available at Lakkapuram
Lakkapuram
Lakkapuram is a commercial town in the outskirts of the city of Erode.It is just 2 km to the south of Solar.Apart from Commercial establishments, there are a lot of Residential living places formed in this area...
, Solar
Solar, Erode
Solar is a selection Grade residential town located 6 km from Erode Junction, Tamilnadu, India, well known for the Temple of Lord Muruga at Lakkapuram Hill. Solar includes the geographical area that is now called as "Solar Junction" and the area that surrounds the Karur Highway Road till...
, Natadreeswarar Temple
Natadreeswarar Temple
Natadreeswarar Temple is one of the devoted Hindu temples dedidated to Lord Shiva, located on hillock island inside the River Kaveri, near the city of Erode, on Erode-Karur Highways.-History:...
, Karungalpalayam
Karungalpalayam
Karungalpalayam also known as is a commercial suburb in the city of Erode.It is located on the banks of Cauvery River, at just 3 km to the north-east of Erode Central Bus Terminus and 1 km west of Pallipalayam....
, Pallipalayam
Pallipalayam
Pallipalayam is a sub-urban town in Namakkal district, India. It is located across the city of Erode, besides the Kaveri River. It falls under Tiruchengode sub-district and Komarapalayam Legislative Constituency and Erode Parliamentary Constituency. The panchayat was constituted in the year 1963,...
, Agraharam
Agraharam
An Agraharam or Agrahara is the name given to the Brahmin quarter of a heterogenous village or to any village inhabited by Brahmins...
, Karanampalayam, Bhavani
Bhavani
Bhavani is a ferocious aspect of the Hindu goddess Parvati. Bhavani means "giver of life", the power of nature or the source of creative energy. In addition to her ferocious aspect, she is also known as Karunaswaroopini, "filled with mercy"....
and Kalingarayanpalayam.
Education
Erode apart from Textile, Agriculture, Industries and Hospitals, stands front as a major Education hub of the state.Medical institutions
Erode houses a medical college IRT Perundurai Medical CollegeIRT Perundurai Medical College
The IRT Perundurai Medical College is a self-financed medical school located in Perundurai, near Erode, Tamil Nadu, India.The college is affiliated to The Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R Medical University,Chennai. The school includes a medical college, a hospital, and a research institute. The school falls...
, and a Technological Institute Institute of Road & Transport Technology, run by all transport corporations of Tamil Nadu(TNSTC).
Engineering and Technology
- The Institute Of Road and Transport Technology (IRTT)
- Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai
- Bannari Amman Institute of Technology (BITs), Sathy
- EBET Group of Institutions, Kangayam
- Erode Sengunthar Engineering College, Thudupati
- Velalar Engineering College of Technology, Thindal
- Maharaja Engineering College, Perundurai
- SSM College for Engineering & Technology, Komarapalayam
- Sasurie College Of Engineering, Vijayamagalam
- Surya Engineering College, Mettukadai
- Al-Ameen College of Engineering, Nanjai-Utthukuli
- Nandha Engineering CollegeNandha engineering collegeThe Nandha Engineering College is an institution located at Vaikal Medu, Perundurai in the Erode district of Tamil Nadu in India. It was founded by Nandha Institutions in 2001. Its purpose is the provision of technical education at...
, Perundurai Road - Nandha College of Technology, Perundurai Road
- Sri Venkateshwara Educational Trusts (Engineering College, School), Gobi
- M.P.Nachimuthu M.Jaganathan Engineering college, Chennaimalai
- Ramanathan College of Engineering, Vijayamangalam
- Selva Kumar Engineering College, Sivagiri, Erode
- Rabindranath Tagore College of Engineering, Erode
Arts and science institutions
- Chikkaiah Naicker College [1954] [co education] Erode-4
- Erode Arts and Science college for Men, Rangampalayam
- Sri Vasavi College of Arts & Science, Bhavani Road
- Vellalar Arts & Science College for Women, Thindal
- Gobi Arts & Science College, Gobi-53
- Kongu Arts and Science College, Nanjanapuram
- Erode Arts for Women, Rangampalayam
- Sri Vasavi Self Finance Arts & Science College, Bhavani Road
- Bharadhidasan College of Arts & Science, Ellispettai
- Sree Amman Arts & Science College, Chithode
- CSI College of Arts & Science, PS Park
- Vellalar Arts & Science College for Women, Thindal
- Navarasam Arts & Science College for Women, Arachalur
- K M C College of Arts & Science, Muthur
- Cherraan Arts & science College, Thitupaarai, Chennimalai
- Maharaja Arts & Science College for Women's, Perundurai Road.
- PKR Arts & Science College for women, Gobi-76
- Sardha Arts & Science College for women, Gobi-53
- Kaamadhenu Arts & Science College, Sathy
- Ayyan Thiruvalluvar Arts & Science College, Sathy
Health care
In addition to Thandhai periyar Government General Hospital, many private hospitals such as Lotus Multi-speciality Hospitals, Idhayam Apollo Specialty Hospital, Maruthi Medical Center Hospital(MMCH), Kovai Medical Center Hospital(KMCH)and Erode Trust Hospital, make the city a destination for health care combined with heritage tourism at an affordable cost.Apart from these major hospitals, the city houses a lot of hospitals, even a small street will have minimum two hospitals.
IRT Perundurai Medical College
IRT Perundurai Medical College
The IRT Perundurai Medical College is a self-financed medical school located in Perundurai, near Erode, Tamil Nadu, India.The college is affiliated to The Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R Medical University,Chennai. The school includes a medical college, a hospital, and a research institute. The school falls...
managed by Institute of Road & Transport runs a big hospital with Research Center.
Politics
Erode has become a separate parliamentary constituency Erode Parliamentary ConstituencyErode (Lok Sabha constituency)
-Assembly constituents:* Kumarapalayam* Erode * Erode * Modakurichi* Dharapuram * Kangayam- Members of Parliament :-References:...
in effect with the revised demarcation of constituencies.
| Parliamentary Constituency | State Assembly Constituencies | Districts Covered |
|---|---|---|
| Erode Erode (Lok Sabha constituency) -Assembly constituents:* Kumarapalayam* Erode * Erode * Modakurichi* Dharapuram * Kangayam- Members of Parliament :-References:... |
Erode East Erode East (State Assembly Constituency) Erode East is a State Assembly Constituency of Erode City in Erode District in the state of Tamil Nadu.It is included in Erode Parliamentary Constituency... , Erode West Erode West (State Assembly Constituency) Erode West is a State Assembly Constituency of Erode City in Erode District in the state of Tamil Nadu.It is included in Erode Parliamentary Constituency... , Modakurichi & Komarapalayam Kumarapalayam (State Assembly Constituency) Kumarapalayam is a State Assembly Constituency in Namakkal District of Tamil Nadu.It covers the majority of Pallipalayam Regions of Erode City Corporation & Komarapalayam Municipality.... , Kangeyam Kangeyam Kangeyam is a Municipality in Tirupur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Kangeyam was the capital of Kongu Nadu for many centuries. Kangeyam is situated in the heart of the Tirupur district. Kangayam is situated in the meeting point of NH 67, SH 37 and SH 205-Member of Parliament:Mr.A... |
Erode, Namakkal ( Erode City ) |
| Tirupur Tiruppur (Lok Sabha constituency) Tiruppur is a Lok Sabha constituency in Tamil Nadu. It has been newly formed by Election commission after rearrangement of constituencies in 2008.-Assembly segments:Tiruppur Lok Sabha constituency is composed of the following assembly segments.#Perundurai... |
Anthiyur Anthiyur (State Assembly Constituency) Anthiyur is the legislative assembly, that includes the city, Anthiyur. It is part of the Tirupur . The constituency is in existence since 1962 election.... , Bhavani Bhavani (State Assembly Constituency) Bhavani is a state assembly constituency in Tamil Nadu.It covers Bhavani and some parts of Erode City.It is included in Tirupur Parliamentary Constituency.- Madras State :- Tamil Nadu :- References :... , Gobichettipalayam Gobichettipalayam (State Assembly Constituency) - 1957 Election results : - 1957 Election results : - 1962 Election results : - 1967 Election results : - 1971 Election results : - 1977 Election results : - 1980 Election results :... , Perundurai Perundurai (State Assembly Constituency) Perundurai is a state assembly constituency in Tamil Nadu. It covers Perundurai and some parts of Erode City. It is included in Tirupur Parliamentary Constituency. The constituency is in existence since 1957 election.... |
Erode, Tiruppur |
Economy
Erode and its surrounding areas are having very good infrastructural base. Small Scale Industries are providing large-scale employment next to Agriculture in this area. It have played a very important role in the area's economy by providing large scale employment opportunities at fairly low capital cost, a wide industrial base, easy scattering of industries in rural areas and concentration of certain industrial groups at specific areas.| The ERODE City Stands | Industries / Sectors / Areas |
|---|---|
| First |
|
| Second |
|
| Third | * Basic Metal Products |
Erode’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth for year 2008 stood at 15.5 per cent was the top in the State and ahead of the State’s [GDP] growth by 4 per cent.
The industries that are located within Erode city belong to mainly oil and rice mills and allied trades, such as engineering works, automobiles and power looms. The industries such as dyeing and powerloom textiles are predominant in Local Planning Authority. Industries belonging to Dhal mill, Cotton textiles, Vanaspathy manufacturing, wax and screen printing, powerloom, sizing, wrapping and printing press are also found in and around Erode city.
Within the city, the industrial units occupy 16.69% of the city area whereas the industrial belt as a whole covers 136 hectares and accounts for 4.80% of the Erode LPA.
The extent of the Erode local planning area (LPA) is 76.21 km². Developed land within the local planning area constitutes 13.44% of the total area. The developed area in the municipal area alone constitutes 83.25% of the total municipal area.
The commercial area has been developed along the roadsides in all major roads, in municipal area along Kongan road near the southern boundary of the local planning area. The commercial area in Erode city is concentrated near the junction of Brough road and Cutchery road and Bazaar area, i.e., around PS Park
Erode is one among the industrially developing Cities. Industry and Trade occupy a place of prominence in the economy of the City. Industries that flourished in early days in and around Erode area were handloom weaving and carpet manufacturing. The advent of modern era has changed these industries to some extent and the powerloom weaving is slowly replacing it. There are 24189 registered SSI units as on 31.12.2000 in the district besides 59 Large Scale Units.
Automotive
In manufacturing and automobile sector, The Bharath Enterprises and Sakthi Auto-components Limited of Erode plays a major role. It produces components for 73 kind of branded Automobiles. The major manufacturing unit is located near PerunduraiPerundurai
Perundurai is a Town Panchayat and taluk in Erode district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on National Highway 47, which bye-passes the city of Erode from here, between Salem and Coimbatore....
on NH-47, connecting Coimbatore.
Textiles
TextileTextile
A textile or cloth is a flexible woven material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibres often referred to as thread or yarn. Yarn is produced by spinning raw fibres of wool, flax, cotton, or other material to produce long strands...
is the major business in the city. Erode is well known for marketing of handloom, power-loom and ready-made garments and textile
Textile
A textile or cloth is a flexible woven material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibres often referred to as thread or yarn. Yarn is produced by spinning raw fibres of wool, flax, cotton, or other material to produce long strands...
s. Loomed products are marketed here in bulk. Erode produces about 47% of state's total textile needs. Erode occupies many textile markets, among which Gani Market in PS Park, is the biggest one. Merchants from all over India participate in this. The market opens on Monday evening and closes on Tuesday morning, and mean-whiles it takes a turn-over of about 5-6 Crores of Indian Rupees.
Behind this, the other textile markets in the city are open for all days. Most of the people involved in textiles are migrants from U.P.
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...
, Bihar
Bihar
Bihar is a state in eastern India. It is the 12th largest state in terms of geographical size at and 3rd largest by population. Almost 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25, which is the highest proportion in India....
, Rajasthan
Rajasthan
Rājasthān the land of Rajasthanis, , is the largest state of the Republic of India by area. It is located in the northwest of India. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert , which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with...
. There exist over 1000 such families in Erode. One would find most of their offices in areas like N.M.S Compound, Thirunagar Colony and Indra Nagar,Chockanathar street.
Power-Loom, Hand-Loom were major occupation in this area, producing a lot of textile goods.
Leather industries and tanneries
Erode stands second in leather processing, next only to Ambur of Vellore District. Erode-Bhavani, a 10 km long belt is completely occupied by Leather processing industries and Tanneries, integrating the town of BhavaniBhavani
Bhavani is a ferocious aspect of the Hindu goddess Parvati. Bhavani means "giver of life", the power of nature or the source of creative energy. In addition to her ferocious aspect, she is also known as Karunaswaroopini, "filled with mercy"....
with Erode. After completely occupying this length, they are now shifting towards Chithode
Chithode
Chithode or Chittode is a panchayat town near Erode in the state of Tamil Nadu, India.-Demographics: India census, Chithode had a population of 7,695. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Chithode has an average literacy rate of 70%, higher than the national average of 59.5%;...
line.
Paper manufacturing
Seshasayee paper boards is the second largest company, next to TNPL, located in pallipalayam across Cauvery. They were the first to introduce the use of baggase from sugarcane to provide eco-friendly papers. It has its own sugar cane processing factory, to get the baggase for their own. They provide a large residential area for their employees in Erode, named SPB ColonySPB Colony
SPB Colony is a residential locality in the Urban Agglomeration of Erode in Indian state of Tamil Nadu....
.
Sugar industries
Erode houses many Sugar-cane processing industries to extract juice from the cane and to make sugar and the remains to be used as baggase for paper manufacturing, which include Sakthi Sugars, Ponni Sugars and E.I.D Parry's.SIPCOT/SEZ
Perundurai, an industrial sub-urb of Erode houses SIPCOTSIPCOT
The State Industries Promotion Corporation of Tamil Nadu , Limited is an institution owned by the government of Tamil Nadu and is intended as a catalyst for the development of small, medium and large scale industries in Tamil Nadu. It was established in 1972.SIPCOT has established industrial...
Industrial Complex, is one of the major industrial projects, which houses a lot of textile, leather processing, steel, food processing industries. This industrial complex is under expansion and processed with starting of Textile SEZ
SEZ
SEZ may refer to:*Special Economic Zone*Seychelles International Airport...
. Parryware is going to install a new modernised manufacturing unit in this Special Economic Zone.
There are two TANSIDCO Industrial Estates, one near Diesel-shed and another near N.Uttukuli-Solar, managed by EDISSIA, Small Scale Industries Development Association of Erode.
Retail
Retail industry plays a major role in the revenue of the city. This is evident from existing super markets like Kannan Departmental Stores, Sangeetha Shopping Malls, Spencer's Daily, Big Bazaar, More, Sakthi Super Market and on-going malls construction like Relance Trendz.In line with the ancient architecture of the city, the business set up in the city is confined to a particular industry in a street and can find series of shops selling the similar products. RKV Road is crowded with branded Textile and Jewellery showrooms. Easwaran Kovil Street is fully stuffed with thousands of whole-sale textile merchants shops, Gandhiji Road with Textile Retail shops and textile markets, Hundreds of Jewellery shops in Pon Street, Goods Transports and Fruit Godowns in Nethaji Road, Electronic goods in Brough Road, Automobile spare parts in EVN Road and Mobile show rooms in Mettur Road, hardwares in Sathy Road, Non-veg food stuffs in Surampatti 4 Roads, all exclusive showrooms in Perundurai Road. Printing and Hotels in Akil-medu Street, Books and Note Books in PS Park. There are separate streets with retail shops for decorative articles, Bangles, Gift Articles, Gold and Ornaments, Chemicals and Pharmas etc.
There are cinema halls or multiplexes for all classes of people. Apart from Tamil movies, some of Hindi and English movies also released in the city. Muthuram Complex, Brough Complex and Corporation Shopping mall near Clock Tower form the major landmarks for the retail business outlets in the city.
There are other shopping places like Mega Mart, Big Bazaar, Raymonds, Chennai Silks, Kalyan Jewellers, Sangeetha Shopping Malls, TATA Gold-plus, Peter England, Alukkas, Kannan Departments, Derby, Titan Raaga, Malabar Gold, Textile bazaars,Sri Durga Textiles,Sri Ganapthi Textile,Sri Karthikeya textiles etc.
Apart from FMCG retail, Erode is also famous for hardware, motor and pumps retail. Lot of people from neighboring village and Karnataka will come to sell turmeric
Turmeric
Turmeric is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant of the ginger family, Zingiberaceae. It is native to tropical South Asia and needs temperatures between 20 °C and 30 °C and a considerable amount of annual rainfall to thrive...
and they shop cheap hardwares in Erode.
Agriculture
Erode is a very important market centre for TurmericTurmeric
Turmeric is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant of the ginger family, Zingiberaceae. It is native to tropical South Asia and needs temperatures between 20 °C and 30 °C and a considerable amount of annual rainfall to thrive...
, and coconut
Coconut
The coconut palm, Cocos nucifera, is a member of the family Arecaceae . It is the only accepted species in the genus Cocos. The term coconut can refer to the entire coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which is not a botanical nut. The spelling cocoanut is an old-fashioned form of the word...
. The coconut and turmeric is received in major part from Erode, and in minor from other parts of Tamil Nadu, and adjoining districts like Mysore, Chamarajanagar
Chamarajanagar
Chamarajanagar is a town in the southern end of Karnataka, a state in India. It is also the headquarters of the Chamarajanagar district of Karnataka. It is named after Chamaraja Wodeyar IX , king of Mysore, who was born in the town...
in Karnataka
Karnataka
Karnataka , the land of the Kannadigas, is a state in South West India. It was created on 1 November 1956, with the passing of the States Reorganisation Act and this day is annually celebrated as Karnataka Rajyotsava...
State.
It is famous also for rice
Rice
Rice is the seed of the monocot plants Oryza sativa or Oryza glaberrima . As a cereal grain, it is the most important staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, the Middle East, and the West Indies...
and oil mills, as well as dairy. It is also one of the largest coconut oil producers in south-India.
Livestock
Erode is especially notable for its bulls. Erode district is well known for fighter breed bulls, from Erode, Palayakottai, Kangeyam, Sivagiri, etc. Usually the majestic Kangeyam bullKangeyam bull
The Kangeyam bull or Kangayam cattle conform largely to the Zebu Southern Indian Mysore type, though there is evidence of the blood of the gray-white Ongole cattle in their appearance. These genes may have given the breed its larger comparative size. The breed gets its name from Kangayam in the...
is involved in the game.
Sallikattu -சல்லிகட்டு or Eruthazhuvuthal -ஏருதழுவுதல் is a bull
Bull
Bull usually refers to an uncastrated adult male bovine.Bull may also refer to:-Entertainment:* Bull , an original show on the TNT Network* "Bull" , an episode of television series CSI: Crime Scene Investigation...
taming sport
Sport
A Sport is all forms of physical activity which, through casual or organised participation, aim to use, maintain or improve physical fitness and provide entertainment to participants. Sport may be competitive, where a winner or winners can be identified by objective means, and may require a degree...
played in Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu is one of the 28 states of India. Its capital and largest city is Chennai. Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian Peninsula and is bordered by the union territory of Pondicherry, and the states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh...
as a part of Pongal
Pongal
Thai Ponggal is a harvest festival celebrated by Tamils in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, Indian Union Territory of Pondicherry and in Sri Lanka. Pongal coincides with the festival Makara Sankranthi celebrated throughout India. Pongal in Tamil means "boiling over" or "spill over". The boiling...
celebration. This sport is also known as "Manju Virattu", meaning "chasing the bull".
The Bull-fight Circle (காளைமாடு சிலை சதுக்கம்) is a major landmark and also the business centre near Erode Junction
Erode Junction
Erode Junction Railway Station is the main railway station in the City of Erode, in the state of Tamil Nadu in India, located at 3 km from Erode Central Bus Terminus at Swastik Circle....
railway station.
Spices
Religious places
Fortified Temples at Erode FortErode Fort
Erode Fort was a fort of Mysore Kingdom, sustained for a long time, up to the early of 19th century, with a stoney rampart.During Hyder Ali's regime, Erode was fortified, and the fort flourished, with 300 houses and a population of 1,500....
The city is built around a demolished fort, which includes a temple for Arudra Kabaleeswar (Shiva
Shiva
Shiva is a major Hindu deity, and is the destroyer god or transformer among the Trimurti, the Hindu Trinity of the primary aspects of the divine. God Shiva is a yogi who has notice of everything that happens in the world and is the main aspect of life. Yet one with great power lives a life of a...
) praising the Saiva concept and another for Kasthuri Ranganatha Perumal (Vishnu
Vishnu
Vishnu is the Supreme god in the Vaishnavite tradition of Hinduism. Smarta followers of Adi Shankara, among others, venerate Vishnu as one of the five primary forms of God....
) praising the Vaishnava concept of Hinduism
Hinduism
Hinduism is the predominant and indigenous religious tradition of the Indian Subcontinent. Hinduism is known to its followers as , amongst many other expressions...
. The speciality is that both are in the same campus for unity.
- Thindal Murugan TempleThindal Murugan TempleThindalmalai Murugan Temple is one of the famous Hindu temples dedidated to Lord Muruga, located on Thindalmalai hillock, in the city of Erode, off the Perundurai Road, the prestigious arterial Road off the City, connecting the city with Coimbatore and to Kerala.The deity Lord Murugan found here...
- Kongu Tirupati
- Perumal malai
- LakkapuramLakkapuramLakkapuram is a commercial town in the outskirts of the city of Erode.It is just 2 km to the south of Solar.Apart from Commercial establishments, there are a lot of Residential living places formed in this area...
- Natadreeswarar TempleNatadreeswarar TempleNatadreeswarar Temple is one of the devoted Hindu temples dedidated to Lord Shiva, located on hillock island inside the River Kaveri, near the city of Erode, on Erode-Karur Highways.-History:...
- The hillock temple is situated in the middle of the river - middle not only breadth-wise but also length-wise at the center between Kudagu(origin) and Poompuhar(Bay of Bengal as destination). - Bhavani-Sangameswarar TempleSangameswarar TempleSangameswarar alayam known as Kooduthurai by locals, the temple of Lord Shiva in Bhavani, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India. The temple was built at the confluence of Kaveri river, Bhavani river and ‘agaya gangai’, an invisible underground water source....
- Temple on island between River Cauvery and Bhavani, where both merges together with Lokabhavani, an invisible holy river. This place is called as KooduthuraiKooduthuraiKooduthurai, or Mukkoodal is a holy place situated in Bhavani urban area near the Agglomeration of Erode, Tamil Nadu, India.It is located at a distance of 11km from Erode Central Bus Terminus and 15km from Erode Junction Railway Station...
or Tiriveni of South, found with Sangameswarar Temple. - TiruchengodeTiruchengode-Location:Tiruchengode is in south India in the state of Tamil Nadu, approximately 18 km from the City of Erode, 44 km from Salem, and 35 km from Namakkal.-Major Occupations:...
- ChennimalaiChennimalaiChennimalai popularly known as the 'Handloom Town' is in Erode district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India.-Geography:Chennimalai is located at . It has an average elevation of 320 metres .-Demographics:...
- Sivagiri, ErodeSivagiri, ErodeSivagiri is a panchayat town in Erode district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.-Geography:Sivagiri is located at . It has an average elevation of .It has the highest elevation peak among all other places in this region....
- KodumudiKodumudiKodumudi is a panchayat town in Erode district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.- Geography :Kodumudi is located at . It has an average elevation of 144 metres ....
Churches
- CSI Brough Church - named after Brough, who developed the town near PS Park
- St. Mary's Cathedral - a Roman Catholic church
- Lourde Matha Forane Church
- Carmel Church
Ancient monuments
- E.V.R Corporation Museum
- Thandhai Periyar - Arignar Anna Memorial
- Thanthai Periyar Memorial House is a Sociological Museum, which depicts the life history of Thanthai periyarPeriyar E. V. RamasamyErode Venkata Ramasamy , affectionately called by his followers as Periyar , Thanthai Periyar or E. V...
, the social reformer. - Jain Temples - Backside of Krishna Talkies,Erode, Vijayapuri and Aval Poondurai.
- Sankagiri Fort - Rock Fort on Sankari Hill with 14 circular rampartDefensive wallA defensive wall is a fortification used to protect a city or settlement from potential aggressors. In ancient to modern times, they were used to enclose settlements...
s from the bottom to top of the hill in a concentric fashion - Armoury Ware House of Tipu Sultan for ancient Erode
Recreation
- V.O.Chidambharam Park - entertainment, recreation, zoological park, exhibition grounds, sports stadium
- Panneer selvam Park - small park
- Vellode Birds SanctuaryVellode Birds SanctuaryVellode Birds Sanctuary , is a sanctuary located in the Erode District in the state of Tamil Nadu, India.The sanctuary is about 13 km from Erode Central Bus Terminus on the way to Chennimalai, near Vellode and 10 km from Erode Junction Railway Station, in the south.-Birds Species:It is...
- Sampath Nagar Park
- Periyar Nagar Park
- Sakthi Park
Cuisine
Erode cuisine is predominantly South Indian with RiceRice
Rice is the seed of the monocot plants Oryza sativa or Oryza glaberrima . As a cereal grain, it is the most important staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, the Middle East, and the West Indies...
as its base. Erode flavours are generally fairly mild to spicy. One can get to taste the authentic Kongu
Kongu
Kongu may refer to:* Kongu , a region in Tamil Nadu* Kongu Engineering College, an engineering college in Tamil Nadu* Toa Kongu, a fictional hero from the BIONICLE series.* Kongu Arts and Science College, an Arts college in Tamil Nadu...
cuisine in Erode. Most locals still retain their rural flavour, with many restaurants serving food on a banana leaf. The Pallipalayam variety of dishes is very special and popular throughout South India
South India
South India is the area encompassing India's states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu as well as the union territories of Lakshadweep and Pondicherry, occupying 19.31% of India's area...
. Pallipalayam Chicken is known for its spicy curry. North Indian, Chinese
Chinese cuisine
Chinese cuisine is any of several styles originating in the regions of China, some of which have become highly popular in other parts of the world – from Asia to the Americas, Australia, Western Europe and Southern Africa...
and continental cuisines are also available in the city restaurants. The Keda Virunthu (Mutton treat) is also famous also available in most of the Restaurants and Hotels.
Print and electronic media
| Media | Type | Publishers |
|---|---|---|
| Newspapers | Daily |
|
| TV Channels | Satellite & Cable - Local |
|
| Radio Channels | AM & FM |
|
Notable people
- Periyar E. V. RamasamyPeriyar E. V. RamasamyErode Venkata Ramasamy , affectionately called by his followers as Periyar , Thanthai Periyar or E. V...
- social reformer - Tiruppur KumaranTiruppur KumaranTiruppur Kumaran , was an Indian revolutionary who participated in the Indian independence movement. Kumaran was born in Chennimalai, a small town in the Erode District in Tamil Nadu region of south India...
- freedom fighter - Srinivasa RamanujanSrinivasa RamanujanSrīnivāsa Aiyangār Rāmānujan FRS, better known as Srinivasa Iyengar Ramanujan was a Indian mathematician and autodidact who, with almost no formal training in pure mathematics, made extraordinary contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series and continued fractions...
- mathematician - K. B. SundarambalK. B. SundarambalKodumudi Balambal Sundarambal was a renowned stage artist and singer of South India. She was popularly referred to as the "Queen of the Indian stage." She was noted both for her resonant, vibrant voice and for the dignity of her performances. A political activist during the Indian independence...
- actress, singer - Dheeran ChinnamalaiDheeran ChinnamalaiDheeran Chinnamalai was a Kongu chieftain and Palayakkarar from Tamil Nadu who rose up in revolt against the British East India Company in the Kongu Nadu, Southern India...
- Freedom fighter - K.N.Kuppusamy Pillai - Freedom fighter,Ex.Chairman & Patron
- E. V. K. SampathE. V. K. SampathErode Venkatta Naicker Krishnasamy Sampath , usually referred to as E. V. K. Sampath was a prominent politician from Tamil Nadu, India. He was an advocate of Dravidian Movement of Periyar E. V. Ramasamy and was considered by some as his political heir. He later split from Periyar's Dravidar...
- politician and Tamil orator - E. V. K. S. Elangovan - former Union minister from Congress
- K. Bhagyaraj - a Tamil film director, actor, writer and producer
- Rajakumaran - a Tamil film director
- NageshNageshNagesh , was a Tamil film actor, mostly remembered for his roles as a comedian during the 1960s. He is regarded as one of the most prolific comedians in Tamil cinema....
-a Tamil Film Actor - Sundar.C - a Tamil film director
- KutraleeswaranKutraleeswaranKutral Ramesh is an Indian swimmer, popularly known as Kutraleeswaran, born and brought up in Tamil Nadu, went on to become a marathon swimmer.He swam across English Channel in 1994 when he was just 13 years old...
- a marathon swimmer
See also
- Erode Municipal CorporationErode Municipal CorporationErode Municipal Corporation ) is a civic administrative body that governs the City of Erode, India. The Corporation consists of a legislative boby, headed by the City Mayor and an executive body headed by the Corporation Commissioner...
- Erode districtErode DistrictErode District is a western district of the state of Tamil Nadu, India, with Erode as its headquarters. Until the year 1996, Erode district was called as Periyar District....
- Erode FortErode FortErode Fort was a fort of Mysore Kingdom, sustained for a long time, up to the early of 19th century, with a stoney rampart.During Hyder Ali's regime, Erode was fortified, and the fort flourished, with 300 houses and a population of 1,500....
- Erode JunctionErode JunctionErode Junction Railway Station is the main railway station in the City of Erode, in the state of Tamil Nadu in India, located at 3 km from Erode Central Bus Terminus at Swastik Circle....
- Erode (Lok Sabha constituency)Erode (Lok Sabha constituency)-Assembly constituents:* Kumarapalayam* Erode * Erode * Modakurichi* Dharapuram * Kangayam- Members of Parliament :-References:...
- List of Educational Institutions in Erode
- Institute of Road & Transport Technology
- IRT Perundurai Medical CollegeIRT Perundurai Medical CollegeThe IRT Perundurai Medical College is a self-financed medical school located in Perundurai, near Erode, Tamil Nadu, India.The college is affiliated to The Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R Medical University,Chennai. The school includes a medical college, a hospital, and a research institute. The school falls...
External links
- Erode (official website).
- Erode Municipal Corporation (official website).
- Erode District Police Official Website
- Erode lacks necessary industrial infrastructure
- Erode Online