Erivan Governorate

'''Erivan Governorate''' ([[Russian language|Old Russian]]: ''Эриванская губернія'') was one of the ''[[guberniya]]s'' of the [[Russian Empire]], with its centre in [[Erivan]] (present-day [[Yerevan]]). Its area was 27,830 sq. kilometres. It roughly corresponded to what is now most of central [[Armenia]], the [[Iğdır Province]] of [[Turkey]], and [[Azerbaijan]]'s [[Nakhchivan]] exclave. At the end of the 19th century it bordered with [[Persia]], [[Ottoman Empire]], [[Elisabethpol Governorate]], [[Tiflis Governorate]], and [[Kars Oblast]]. According to Russian cencuses, it was the only subdivision of the Russiam Empire where [[Armenians]] were the absolute majority of the population. In 1828, the [[khanate]]s of [[Erivan khanate|Erivan]] and the [[Nakhchivan khanate|Nakhchivan]] became part of the Russian Empire in accordance with the [[Treaty of Turkmenchay]]. They were included into a single administrative unit named the [[Armenian oblast]]. In 1850 the oblast was reorganized into a governorate, and by 1872 it consisted of 7 [[uyezd]]s. Louis Joseph Jérôme Napoléon (1864–1932), grandnephew of Napoleon I, was made governor in 1905 to help calm the governorate after the [[Armenian-Tatar massacres 1905-1907|Armenian-Tatar conflicts]]. In 1918 most of Erivan Governorate became part of the [[Democratic Republic of Armenia]] and later the [[Armenian SSR]]/current [[Armenia]]. == Administrative division== Erivan Governorate consisted of the following uyezds: {| class="wikitable" ! № ! [[Uyezd]] ! [[Uyezd]] town ! Area, sq. km ! Population (1897), thousand people. |- | 1 | [[Alexandrapol]] | [[Gyumri|Alexandrapol]] | 3,759.8 | 168,435 |- | 2 | [[Nakhichevan]] | [[Nakhchivan|Nakhichevan]] | 3,858.8 | 86,878 |- | 3 | [[Gavar|Novo-Bayazet]] | [[Gavar|Novo-Bayazet]] | 6,123.8 | 112,111 |- | 4 | [[Iğdır Province|Surmalu]] | [[Iğdır|Igdir]] | 3,245.0 | 88,844 |- | 5 | [[Şərur|Sharur]]-[[Vayots Dzor Province|Daralagyoz]] | [[Şərur|Sharur]] | 2,972.3 | 76,551 |- | 6 | [[Erivan]] | [[Yerevan|Erivan]] | 3,032.0 | 127,072 |- | 7 | [[Ejmiatsin|Echmiadzin]] | [[Ejmiatsin|Echmiadzin]] | 3,858.0 | 124,643 |} ==Demographics== According to the Russian census of 1897, the Erivan Governorate had 829,556 inhabitants. 56% of the governorate's population was [[Armenians|Armenian]], 37.5% was [[Azerbaijani people|Azerbaijanis]] (referred to as Azerbaijani Tatars in the 1897 census). The Azerbaijanis were in a majority in the Erivan, Nakhichevan, Sharur-Daralagyoz, and Surmali districts; the other three uyezds were predominantly Armenian. Other ethnic minorities included [[Kurdish people|Kurds]] (5.9%), [[Russians]] (2.1%), as well as smaller numbers of Greeks, Georgians, Jews and Gypsies. === Ethnic groups in 1897 === Ethnic groups in Erivan Governorate according to [[Russian Census (1897)|1897 Russian census]]. {| class="wikitable" |- ! Uyezd ! [[Armenians]] ! [[Azerbaijani people|Azerbaijani]] ! [[Kurds]] ! [[Russians]] ! [[Assyrian people|Assyrians]] |- ! TOTAL ! 53,2% ! 37,8% ! 6,0% ! 1,6% ! ... |- | [[Alexandropol]] | 85,5% | 4,7% | 3,0% | 3,4% | ... |- | [[Nakhichevan]] | 34,4% | 63,7% | ... | ... | ... |- | [[Gavar|Novo-Bayazet]] | 66,3% | 28,3% | 2,4% | 2,2% | ... |- | [[Iğdır Province|Surmalu]] | 30,4% | 46,5% | 21,4% | ... | ... |- | [[Şərur|Sharur]]-[[Vayots Dzor Province|Daralagyoz]] | 27,1% | 67,4% | 4,9% | ... | ... |- | [[Erivan]] | 38,5% | 51,4% | 5,4% | 2,0% | 1,5% |- | [[Ejmiatsin|Etchmiadzin]] | 62,4% | 29,0% | 7,8% | ... | ... |} == Governors == List of the governors of Erivan Governorate. *1849 - 1859 '''Ivan Nazarov''' *1860 - 1862 '''Mikhail Astafev''' *1862 - 1863 '''Nikolai Kolyubakin''' *1863 - 1865 '''Aleksey Kharitonov''' *1869 - 1873 '''Nikolai Karmalin''' *1873 - 1880 '''Mikhail Roslavlev''' *March 22, 1880 - December 22, 1890 '''Mikhail Shalikov''' *February 2, 1891 - November 16, 1895 '''Alexander Frese''' *February 20, 1896 - 1916 '''Vladimir Tiesenhausen''' *1905 '''Louis Joseph Jérôme Napoléon''' *1905 - 1906 '''Maksud Alikhanov-Avarskiy''' *1916 - 1917 '''Arkady Strelbitskiy''' *March 14, 1917 - November 1917 '''V.A. Kharlamov''' *November 1917 '''Avetis Agaryan''' *1917-1917 '''Sokrat Tyurosyan''' ==See also== *[[Russian Armenia]] *[[Armenian oblast]] {{coord missing|Russia}} {{Subdivisions of the Russian Empire}}