Envy
Overview
 
Envy is best defined as a resentful
Resentment
Resentment is the experience of a negative emotion felt as a result of a real or imagined wrong done. Etymologically, the word originates from French "ressentir", re-, intensive prefix, and sentir "to feel"; from the Latin "sentire"...

 emotion
Emotion
Emotion is a complex psychophysiological experience of an individual's state of mind as interacting with biochemical and environmental influences. In humans, emotion fundamentally involves "physiological arousal, expressive behaviors, and conscious experience." Emotion is associated with mood,...

 that "occurs when a person lacks another's (perceived) superior quality, achievement, or possession and either desires it or wishes that the other lacked it."

Envy can also derive from a sense of low self-esteem
Self-esteem
Self-esteem is a term in psychology to reflect a person's overall evaluation or appraisal of his or her own worth. Self-esteem encompasses beliefs and emotions such as triumph, despair, pride and shame: some would distinguish how 'the self-concept is what we think about the self; self-esteem, the...

 that results from an upward social comparison threatening a person's self image
Self image
A person's self-image is the mental picture, generally of a kind that is quite resistant to change, that depicts not only details that are potentially available to objective investigation by others A person's self-image is the mental picture, generally of a kind that is quite resistant to change,...

: another person has something that the envier considers to be important
Social status
In sociology or anthropology, social status is the honor or prestige attached to one's position in society . It may also refer to a rank or position that one holds in a group, for example son or daughter, playmate, pupil, etc....

 to have.
Quotations

O! beware, my lord, of jealousy; It is the green-ey'd monster which doth mock The meat it feeds on.

William Shakespeare, Othello

ENVY, n. Emulation adapted to the meanest capacity.

Ambrose Bierce, The Devil's Dictionary

Envy and wrath shorten the life.

The Bible, Old Testament, Ecclesiasticus 30:24

This only grant me, that my means may lie Too low for envy, for contempt too high.

Abraham Cowley (1618-1667), of Myself

It is the practice of the multitude to bark at eminent men, as little dogs do at strangers.

Seneca the Younger, reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 209.

If we did but know how little some enjoy of the great things that they possess, there would not be much envy in the world.

Edward Young, reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers (1895), p. 209.

 
x
OK