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The end-blown flute or rim-blown flute is a keyless woodwind instrument
Woodwind instrument

A woodwind instrument is a musical instrument which produces sound when the player blows air against an edge of, or opening in, the instrument, causing the air to vibrate within a resonator....
 played by directing an airstream against the sharp edge of the upper end of a tube. Unlike a recorder
Recorder

The recorder is a woodwind instrument musical instrument of the family known as fipple flutes or internal duct flutes — whistle-like instruments which include the tin whistle and ocarina....
 or tin whistle
Tin whistle

The tin whistle, also called the tinwhistle, whistle, pennywhistle or Irish whistler, is a simple six-holed woodwind instrument....
, there isn't a ducted flue voicing, mistakenly called a fipple
Fipple

Fipple Flute or Tubular Ducted Flute mouthpiece are commonly found on end-blown woodwind instruments such as the tin whistle and the recorder....
 by some. Most rim-blown flutes are "oblique" flutes, being played at an angle to the body's vertical axis. They generate sound by at this end blown voicing by siphon
Siphon

A siphon is a continuous tube that allows liquid to drain from a reservoir through an intermediate point that is higher, or lower, than the reservoir, the flow being driven only by the difference in hydrostatic pressure without any need for pumping....
 effect.






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The end-blown flute or rim-blown flute is a keyless woodwind instrument
Woodwind instrument

A woodwind instrument is a musical instrument which produces sound when the player blows air against an edge of, or opening in, the instrument, causing the air to vibrate within a resonator....
 played by directing an airstream against the sharp edge of the upper end of a tube. Unlike a recorder
Recorder

The recorder is a woodwind instrument musical instrument of the family known as fipple flutes or internal duct flutes — whistle-like instruments which include the tin whistle and ocarina....
 or tin whistle
Tin whistle

The tin whistle, also called the tinwhistle, whistle, pennywhistle or Irish whistler, is a simple six-holed woodwind instrument....
, there isn't a ducted flue voicing, mistakenly called a fipple
Fipple

Fipple Flute or Tubular Ducted Flute mouthpiece are commonly found on end-blown woodwind instruments such as the tin whistle and the recorder....
 by some. Most rim-blown flutes are "oblique" flutes, being played at an angle to the body's vertical axis. They generate sound by at this end blown voicing by siphon
Siphon

A siphon is a continuous tube that allows liquid to drain from a reservoir through an intermediate point that is higher, or lower, than the reservoir, the flow being driven only by the difference in hydrostatic pressure without any need for pumping....
 effect. These oscillations are called a Von Karman vortex street
Von Kármán vortex street

A K?rm?n vortex street is a term used in fluid dynamics for a repeating pattern of swirling vortex caused by the unsteady flow separation of a fluid over bluff bodies....
.

End-blown flutes are widespread in folk music and art music. In the Middle East
Middle East

File:GreaterMiddleEast1.pngThe Middle East is a region that spans southwestern Asia, western Asia, and northeastern Africa. It has no clear boundaries, often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East....
 and Mediterranean the ney
Ney

The ney is an end-blown flute that figures prominently in Persian music, Turkish music and Arabic music. In some of these musical traditions, it is the only wind instrument used....
 is frequently used, constructed from reed. Depictions of early versions of the ney can be found in wall paintings in the pyramid
Pyramid

A pyramid is a building where the outer surfaces are triangular and converge at a point. The base of pyramids are usually quadrilateral or trilateral , meaning that a pyramid usually has four or five faces....
s of Egypt
Egypt

Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
, indicating that it is one of the oldest musical instruments in continuous use. Further, several ancient Persian artworks also depict the use of Ney
Ney

The ney is an end-blown flute that figures prominently in Persian music, Turkish music and Arabic music. In some of these musical traditions, it is the only wind instrument used....
 in Persian traditional music.

In Turkey
Turkey

Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in southwest Asia and Thrace in the Balkans region of Southern Europe....
 the nai
Ney

The ney is an end-blown flute that figures prominently in Persian music, Turkish music and Arabic music. In some of these musical traditions, it is the only wind instrument used....
 and kaval
Kaval

"Kaval" is also the ring name of professional wrestler Brandon Silvestry.The kaval is a chromatic end-blown flute traditionally played throughout Azerbaijan, Turkey, Bulgaria, Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo, southern Serbia , northern Greece , southern Romania , and Armenia ....
 are both end-blown, although one type of Turkish kaval (dilli kaval) has a fipple. The Turkish ney
Ney (Turkish)

The Turkish ney reed flute, together with the Turkish tanbur lute and Turkish kemen?e fiddle are considered the most typical instruments of Ottoman classical music....
 plays a prominent role in classical Turkish music and Mevlevi music. The Arab nay and the Persian ney are similar to the Turkish ney. China has the xiao
Xiao (flute)

The xiao is a Chinese vertical end-blown flute. It is generally made of dark brown bamboo . It is also sometimes called d?ngxiao , d?ng meaning "hole." An ancient name for the xiao is sh?d? but the name xiao in ancient times also included the side-blown bamboo flute, dizi....
, Japan
Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
 has the shakuhachi
Shakuhachi

The is a Japanese end-blown flute flute. Its name means "1.8 feet", referring to its size. It is traditionally made of bamboo, but versions now exist in wood and plastic....
 and Korea
Korea

Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries, a civilization, and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia....
 has the danso
Danso

The danso is a Korean notched, end-blown flute vertical bamboo flute flute used in Korean folk music. It is traditionally made of bamboo, but in the 20th century it has also been made of plastic....
 and tongso. People of the Andes
Andes

The Andes form the world's longest exposed mountain range. They lie as a continuous chain of highland along the western coast of South America. The range is over 7,000 km long, 200-700 km wide , and of an average height of about 4,000 m ....
 play the quena
Quena

The quena is the traditional flute of the Andes. Usually made of bamboo, it has 6 finger holes and one thumb hole and is open on both ends. To produce sound, the player closes the top end of the pipe with the flesh between his chin and lower lip, and blows a stream of air downward, along the axis of the pipe, over an elliptical notch cut i...
, the Hopi
Hopi

The Hopi are American Indians in the United States people who primarily live on the 12,635 km? Hopi Reservation in northeastern Arizona. The Hopi Reservation is entirely surrounded by the much larger Navajo Reservation....
 and their predecessors the Anasazi
Ancient Pueblo Peoples

Ancient Pueblo People or Ancestral Puebloans were an ancient Native Americans in the United States culture centered on the present-day Four Corners area of the Southwest United States, noted for their distinctive pottery and dwelling construction styles....
 of the American southwest
Southwestern United States

The Southwestern area of the United States could be defined as the states west of the Mississippi River, with the qualification of a certain northern limit, such as the 37th parallel north, 38th parallel north, 39th parallel north, or 40th parallel north line....
 have and had a flute similar to the ney. The washint
Washint

A washint is an Ethiopian end-blown flute with four finger holes. The instrument is made of wood or cane. It is similar to the foodhir and the Arabic/Turkish ney....
 is an East Africa
East Africa

East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easterly region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. In the UN subregion, 19 territories constitute Eastern Africa:...
n flute. Panpipes are rim-blown in the same fashion with their lower ends stopped, bound together in a row or "raft".

See also

  • Transverse flute
    Transverse flute

    A transverse flute or side-blown flute is a flute which is held horizontally when played. The player blows "across" the embouchure hole, in a direction perpendicular to the flute's body length....
  • Vertical flute
    Vertical flute

    The vertical flute is either a End-blown flute flute, a Recorder, with tapered bore or a transversely blown flute,Giorgi Flute, designed to be played in an upright position....