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Electronic media are media
Media (communication)

In communication, media are the data storage device and data transmission tools used to recording and deliver information or data. It is often referred to as synonymous with mass media or news media, but may refer to a single medium used to communicate any data for any purpose....
 that utilize electronics
Electronics

Electronics refers to the flow of charge through nonmetal electrical conductor , whereas electrical refers to the flow of charge through metal electrical conductor....
 or electromechanical energy for the end user (audience
Audience

An audience is a group of person who participate in a show or encounter a work of art, literature , theatre, music or academics in any Media ....
) to access the content.






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Samuel Morse Telegraph
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Electronic media are media
Media (communication)

In communication, media are the data storage device and data transmission tools used to recording and deliver information or data. It is often referred to as synonymous with mass media or news media, but may refer to a single medium used to communicate any data for any purpose....
 that utilize electronics
Electronics

Electronics refers to the flow of charge through nonmetal electrical conductor , whereas electrical refers to the flow of charge through metal electrical conductor....
 or electromechanical energy for the end user (audience
Audience

An audience is a group of person who participate in a show or encounter a work of art, literature , theatre, music or academics in any Media ....
) to access the content. This is in contrast to static media (mainly print media), which are most often created electronically
Desktop publishing

Desktop publishing combines a personal computer and WYSIWYG page layout software to create publication documents on a computer for either Publishing or small scale local Multifunction printer output and distribution....
, but don't require electronics to be accessed by the end user in the printed form. The primary electronic media sources familiar to the general public are better known as video recordings
Video

Video is the technology of electronics Videography, recording, processing, storing, transmitting, and reconstructing a sequence of still images representing Scene in motion....
, audio recordings
Sound recording and reproduction

Sound recording and reproduction is the electrical or mechanics inscription and re-creation of sound waves, such as spoken voice, singing, instrumental music, or sound effects....
, multimedia presentations
Multimedia

Multimedia is media and content that utilizes a combination of different content format. The term can be used as a noun or as an adjective describing a medium as having multiple content forms....
, slide presentations
Presentation program

A presentation program is a computer software package used to display information, normally in the form of a slide show. It typically includes three major functions: an editor that allows text to be inserted and formatted, a method for inserting and manipulating graphic images and a slide-show system to display the content....
, CD-ROM
CD-ROM

CD-ROM is a pre-pressed Compact Disc that contains Computer data storage accessible to, but not writable by, a computer. While the Compact Disc format was originally designed for music storage and playback, the 1985 Yellow Book standard developed by Sony and Philips adapted the format to hold any form of Binary file....
 and Online Content. Most new media
New media

New media is a term meant to encompass the emergence of digital, computerized, or networked information technology and communication technology technologies in the later part of the 20th century....
 are in the form of digital media
Digital media

Digital media usually refers to electronic media that work on digital codes. Today, computing is primarily based on the binary numeral system....
. However, electronic media may be in either analog
Analog signal

An analog or analogue signal is any continuous function Signal for which the time varying feature of the signal is a representation of some other time varying quantity, i.e analogous to another time varying signal....
 or digital
Digital

A digital system uses discrete values, usually but not always symbolized numerically to represent information for input, processing, transmission, storage, etc....
 format.

Although the term is usually associated with content recorded on a storage medium
Data storage device

A data storage device is a device for recording information . Recording can be done using virtually any form of energy, spanning from manual muscle power in handwriting, to acoustic vibrations in phonographic recording, to electromagnetic energy modulating magnetic tape and optical discs....
, recordings are not required for live broadcasting
Broadcasting

Broadcasting is distribution of Sound and/or video Signalling s which transmit programs to an audience. The audience may be the general public or a relatively large sub-audience, such as children or young adults....
 and online networking.

Any equipment used in the electronic communication process (e.g. television
Television

Television is a widely used telecommunication mass-media for transmitting and receiving moving , either monochrome or color, usually accompanied by sound....
, radio
Receiver (radio)

This article is about a radio receiver, for other uses see Radio .A radio receiver is an electronics circuit that receives its input from an antenna , uses electronic filters to separate a wanted radio signal from all other signals picked up by this antenna, electronic amplifier it to a level suitable for further processing, and finally...
, telephone
Telephone

The telephone is a telecommunications device that is used to transmitter and receive electronically or digitally encoded sound between two or more people conversing....
, desktop computer
Personal computer

A personal computer is any general-purpose computer whose original sales price, size, and capabilities make it useful for individuals, and which is intended to be operated directly by an end user, with no intervening computer operator....
, game console, handheld device
Handheld device

A mobile device is a pocket-sized computing device, typically having a display screen with touch down input or a miniature keyboard. In the case of the Personal digital assistant the input and output are combined into a touch-screen interface ....
) may also be considered electronic media.

History of development

  • Transmission
    Transmission (telecommunications)

    In telecommunications, transmission is the process of sending, propagating and receiving an analogue or digital information signal over a physical point-to-point or point-to-multipoint transmission medium, either wired or wireless....
    • Wire
      Wire

      A wire is a single, usually cylinder , elongated string of metal. Wires are used to bear mechanical Structural loads and to carry electricity and telecommunications Wiktionary:signal....
      • Telegraph 1795-1832
      • Facsimile
        Fax

        Fax is a telecommunications technology used to transfer copies of documents, especially using affordable devices operating over the telephone network....
         1843-1861
      • Telephone
        Telephone

        The telephone is a telecommunications device that is used to transmitter and receive electronically or digitally encoded sound between two or more people conversing....
         1849-1877
      • Cable
        Cable

        A cable is a large fiber or metal rope, used for hauling, lifting, or towing, or an assembly of two or more insulated electrical conductors, laid up together as an assembly....
         1962 (Coaxial
        Coaxial cable

        Coaxial cable is a cable consisting of an inner conductor, surrounded by a tubular insulating layer typically made from a flexible material with a high dielectric constant, all of which is then surrounded by another conductive layer , and then finally covered again with a thin insulating layer on the outside....
         Standard
        Standards organization

        A standards organization, standards body, standards development organization or SDO is any entity whose primary activities are developing, coordinating, promulgating, revising, amending, reissuing, interpreting, or otherwise maintaining standards that address the interests of a wide base of users outside the standards develo...
        )
      • Fiber Optics 1956-1970
    • Wireless
      Wireless

      Wireless communication is the transfer of information over a distance without the use of electrical conductors or "wires". The distances involved may be short or long ....
      • Radio
        Radio

        Radio is the transmission of signals, by modulation of electromagnetic radiation with frequency below those of visible light.Electromagnetic radiation radio propagation by means of oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and the vacuum of space....
         1897-1920
      • Satellite 1958-1972
      • Free Space Optics 1960s
    • Internet
      Internet

      The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers, enabling users to share information along multiple channels. Typically, a computer that connects to the Internet can access information from a vast array of available server and other computers by moving information from them to the computer's local memory....
      • Download 1969 (RFC
        Request for Comments

        In computer network engineering, a request for comments is a memorandum published by the Internet Engineering Task Force describing methods, behaviors, research, or innovations applicable to the working of the Internet and Internet-connected systems....
         Protocol
        Communications protocol

        In the field of telecommunications, a communications protocol is the set of standard rules for data representation, Signalling , authentication and Error detection and correction required to send information over a communications channel....
        )
      • Live Streaming
        Streaming media

        Streaming media is multimedia that is constantly received by, and normally presented to, an End-user while it is being delivered by a streaming provider ....
         1996 (RTP
        Real-time Transport Protocol

        The Real-time Transport Protocol defines a standardized packet format for delivering audio and video over the Internet. It was developed by the Audio-Video Transport Working Group of the IETF and first published in 1996 as RFC 1889, and superseded by RFC 3550 in 2003....
         Protocol
        Communications protocol

        In the field of telecommunications, a communications protocol is the set of standard rules for data representation, Signalling , authentication and Error detection and correction required to send information over a communications channel....
        )


  • Display
    Comparison of display technology

    This is a comparison of various properties of different display technologies....
     and Output
    Output device

    An output device is any piece of computer hardware equipment used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by an information processing system to the outside world....
    • Information Processing
      Information processing

      Information processing is the change of information in any manner detectable by an observation. As such, it is a Process which describes everything which happens in the universe, from the falling of a rock to the printing of a text file from a digital computer system....
       1940's (Term)
    • Galvanometer
      Galvanometer

      A galvanometer is a type of ammeter: an instrument for detecting and measuring electric current. It is an Analogue electronics electromechanical transducer that produces a rotary deflection, through a limited arc, in response to electric current flowing through its coil....
       1832
    • Telegraph Sounder
      Telegraph sounder

      A Telegraph sounder is a device which produces an audible sound when connected to an operating electrical telegraph.It is similar in form to a relay....
       1844
    • Telephone Receiver
      Telephone

      The telephone is a telecommunications device that is used to transmitter and receive electronically or digitally encoded sound between two or more people conversing....
       1849-1877
    • Light Bulb 1801-1883
    • Neon
      Neon

      Neon is the chemical element that has the symbol Ne and atomic number 10. Although a very common element in the universe, it is rare on Earth....
       1893-1902
    • Teletype Receiver 1910
    • CRT
      Cathode ray tube

      The cathode ray tube is a vacuum tube containing an electron gun and a fluorescent screen, with internal or external means to accelerate and deflect the electron beam, used to create images in the form of light emitted from the fluorescent screen....
       1922
    • Radio/Television Tuner
      Tuner (radio)

      A tuner is an adjustable device which passes one radio frequency, or band of frequencies, and excludes others, by using electrical resonance. A tuner performs the process of selecting the desired signal but its output is not directly usable and must be sent to another device....
       1894-1927
    • Speaker
      Loudspeaker

      A loudspeaker, speaker, or speaker system is an electroacoustical transducer that converts an electricity signal processing to sound....
      /Headphones
      Headphones

      Headphones are a pair of small loudspeakers, or less commonly a single speaker, with a way of holding them close to a user's ears and a means of connecting them to a signal source such as an audio amplifier, radio or CD player....
       1876-1928/1930s
    • LED/LCD 1955-1962/1968
    • Laser Light Show
      Laser lighting display

      A laser lighting display or laser light show involves the use of laser light to entertain an audience. A laser light show may consist only of projected laser light beam set to music, or may accompany another form of entertainment, typically a rock concert or other musical performance....
       1970s
    • Computer Monitor 1950s/1976 (for PC
      Personal computer

      A personal computer is any general-purpose computer whose original sales price, size, and capabilities make it useful for individuals, and which is intended to be operated directly by an end user, with no intervening computer operator....
      s)
    • Large Electronic Display
      Jumbotron

      A JumboTron is a large-screen television using large-screen television technology developed by Sony, typically used in sports stadiums and concert venues to show close up shots of the event....
       1985
    • HDTV 1936 (Term) 1990s (Standard
      Standards organization

      A standards organization, standards body, standards development organization or SDO is any entity whose primary activities are developing, coordinating, promulgating, revising, amending, reissuing, interpreting, or otherwise maintaining standards that address the interests of a wide base of users outside the standards develo...
      s)
    • HMD 1968-current
  • Signal
    Signal (electrical engineering)

    In the fields of telecommunications, signal processing, and in electrical engineering more generally, a signal is any time-varying or spatial-varying quantity....
     Processing
    Signal processing

    Signal processing is the analysis, interpretation, and manipulation of signal . Signals of interest include: audio signal processing, , time-varying measurement values and sensor data, for example biological data such as electrocardiograms, control system signals, telecommunication transmission signals such as radio signals, and many others....
    • Capture
      Sensor

      A sensor is a device that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal which can be read by an observer or by an instrument. For example, a mercury thermometer converts the measured temperature into expansion and contraction of a liquid which can be read on a calibrated glass tube....
       1745 (Capacitor
      Capacitor

      A capacitor or condenser is a Passive component electronic component consisting of a pair of electrical conductor separated by a dielectric....
      )
    • Analog
      Analog signal

      An analog or analogue signal is any continuous function Signal for which the time varying feature of the signal is a representation of some other time varying quantity, i.e analogous to another time varying signal....
       Encoding
      Code

      In communications, a code is a Operator for converting a piece of information into another form or representation , not necessarily of the same type....
       1830's (morse code
      Morse code

      Morse code is a type of character encoding that transmits telegraphic information using rhythm. Morse code uses a standardized sequence of short and long elements to represent the alphanumeric, punctuation and special characters of a given message....
      )
    • Electronic Modulating
      Modulation

      In telecommunications, modulation is the process of varying a Periodic function waveform, i.e. a tone, in order to use that signal to convey a message, in a similar fashion as a musician may modulate the tone from a musical instrument by varying its volume, timing and Pitch ....
       1832-1927
    • Electronic Multiplexing
      Multiplexing

      In telecommunications and computer networks, multiplexing is a process where multiple analog message signals or digital data streams are combined into one signal over a shared medium....
       1853 (TDM
      Time-division multiplexing

      Time-Division Multiplexing is a type of digital or Pulse-amplitude modulation multiplexing in which two or more signals or bit streams are transferred apparently simultaneously as sub-channels in one communication channel, but are physically taking turns on the channel....
      )
    • Digitizing
      Digitizing

      Digitizing or digitization is representing an Object , , document or a Signal by a discrete set of its points or sample s. The result is called "digital group representation" or, more specifically, a "digital image", for the object, and "digital form", for the signal....
       1903 (PCM Telephone)
    • Electronic Encryption
      Encryption

      In cryptography, encryption is the process of transforming information using an algorithm to make it unreadable to anyone except those possessing special knowledge, usually referred to as a key ....
       1935-1945
    • Online Routing
      Routing

      Routing is the process of selecting paths in a network along which to send network traffic. Routing is performed for many kinds of networks, including the PSTN, Computer network , and transport network....
       1969
    • Electronic Programming 1943-current


    • Electronic Information Storage
      • Recording
        Recording

        Recording is a process of capturing data or translating information to a recording format stored on a storage medium often referred to as a record....
         Medium
        Data storage device

        A data storage device is a device for recording information . Recording can be done using virtually any form of energy, spanning from manual muscle power in handwriting, to acoustic vibrations in phonographic recording, to electromagnetic energy modulating magnetic tape and optical discs....
        • Punch Card
          Punch card

          A punch card or punched card , is a piece of paperboard that contains digital information represented by the presence or absence of holes in predefined positions....
           and Paper Tape 1725/1846
        • Phonograph Cylinder and Disk
          Phonograph

          The record player, phonograph or gramophone was the most common device for playing Sound recording and reproduction sound from the 1870s through the 1980s....
           1857-1958
        • Film
          Photographic film

          Photographic film is a sheet of plastic coated with an emulsion containing light-sensitive silver halide salts with variable crystal sizes that determine the sensitivity, contrast and of the film....
           1876-1889
        • Magnetic Storage
          Magnetic storage

          Magnetic storage and magnetic recording are terms from engineering referring to the storage of data on a magnetized medium. Magnetic storage uses different patterns of magnetization in a magnetizable material to store data and is a form of non-volatile memory....
           1898-2003
        • RAM 1941-current
        • Barcodes 1952/1973 (UPC
          Universal Product Code

          The Universal Product Code is a barcode#Symbologies , that is widely used in the United States and Canada for tracking trade items in stores....
          )
        • Laser Disc 1969-1978
        • Compact Disc
          Compact Disc

          A Compact Disc is an optical disc used to store Data , originally developed for storing digital audio. The CD, available on the market since October 1982, remains the standard physical medium for sale of commercial Sound recording and reproduction to the present day....
          /DVD
          DVD

          DVD, also known as "Digital Versatile Disc" or "Digital Video Disc,"is a popular optical disc data storage device media format. Its main uses are video and data storage....
           1982/1993-current
      • Content
        Information

        Information as a Conveyed concept has a diversity of meanings, from everyday usage to technical settings. Generally speaking, the concept of information is closely related to notions of constraint, communication, control system, data, form, instruction, knowledge, Meaning , stimulation, pattern, perception, and knowledge representation....
         Format
        Format

        :For help on formatting Wikipedia articles, see...
        s
        • Content in general
          Content format

          A content format is an encoding format for converting a specific type of data to information. Content formats are used in recording and data transmission to prepare data for Information processing or interpretation....
           1877-current
        • Audio Recording
          Audio format

          An audio format is a medium for storing sound and music. The term is applied to both the physical recording media and the recording formats of the Audio frequency – in computer science it is often limited to the audio file format, but its wider use usually refers to the physical method used to store the data....
           1877-current
        • Video Recording
          Video

          Video is the technology of electronics Videography, recording, processing, storing, transmitting, and reconstructing a sequence of still images representing Scene in motion....
           1952-current
        • Digital File Formats
        • Database Content and Formats
          Database

          A database is a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer system. The structure is achieved by organizing the data according to a database model....
           1963-current


    • Interactivity
      Interactivity

      In the fields of information science, communication, and industrial design, there is debate over the meaning of Interactivity. In the "contingency view" of interactivity, there are three levels: Noninteractive, when a message is not related to previous messages; Reactive, when a message is related only to one immediately previous message; an...
      • Control Panel
        Control panel (engineering)

        A control panel is a flat, often vertical, area where control or monitoring instruments are displayed.They are found in places such as nuclear power plants, ships, aircraft and mainframe computers....
      • Input Device
        Input device

        An input device is any peripheral used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system . Input and output devices make up the hardware interface between a computer as a or 6DOF controller....
      • Game Controller
        Game controller

        A game controller is an input device used to control a video game. A controller is typically connected to a video game console or a personal computer....
      • Handheld
      • Wired Glove
        Wired glove

        A wired glove is a glove-like input device for virtual reality environments. Various sensor technologies are used to capture physical data such as bending of fingers....
      • Brain computer interface (BCI)


    Uses

    Electronic media are ubiquitous in most of the developed world. As of 2005, there are reports of satellite receivers being present in some of the most remote and inaccessible regions of China. Electronic media devices have found their way into all parts of modern life. The term is relevant to media ecology
    Media ecology

    Media ecology is an interdisciplinary field of media theory involving the study of media environments. According to the Media Ecology Association, media ecology can be defined as "the study of media environments, the idea that technology and techniques, modes of information and codes of communication play a leading role in human affairs."...
     for studying it's impact compared to printed media and broadening the scope of understanding media beyond a simplistic aspect of media such as one delivery platform (e.g. the world wide web) aside from many other options. The term is also relevant to professional career development regarding related skill sets.

    Primary uses of electronic media:
    • Journalism
      Journalism

      Journalism is the craft of conveying news, descriptive material and editorial via a widening spectrum of Media . These include newspapers, magazines, radio and television, the internet and, more recently, the cellphone....
      • News
        NeWS

        NeWS was a windowing system developed by Sun Microsystems in the mid 1980s. Originally known as "SunDew", its primary authors were James Gosling and David S....
    • Marketing
      Marketing

      Marketing is defined by the American Marketing Association as the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large....
      • Advertising
        Advertising

        Advertising is a form of communication that typically attempts to persuade potential customers to Purchasing or to consume more of a particular brand of Product or Service ....
      • Graphic Design
        Graphic design

        The term graphic design can refer to a number of artistic and professional disciplines which focus on visual communication and presentation. Various methods are used to create and combine symbols, images and/or words to create a visual representation of ideas and messages....
    • Education
      Education

      File:Inukshuk Monterrey 1.jpgEducation can be seen as a product or a process and considered in a broad sense or a technical sense. According to philosophy of education George F....
      • Professional Training
        Training

        The term training refers to the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and Competence as a result of the teaching of vocational education or practical skills and knowledge that relate to specific useful competencies....
    • Science
      Science

      In its broadest sense, science refers to any systematic knowledge or practice. In its more usual restricted sense, science refers to a system of acquiring knowledge based on scientific method, as well as to the organized body of knowledge gained through such research....
    • Engineering
      Engineering

      Engineering is the discipline and profession of applying Technology and science knowledge and utilizing natural laws and physical resources in order to design and implement materials, structures, machines, devices, systems, and process that safely realize a desired objective and meet specified criteria....
    • Fine Art
      Fine art

      Fine art describes any art form developed primarily for aesthetics and/or concept rather than utility. This type of art is often expressed in the production of art objects using Visual arts and performing art forms, including painting, sculpture, dance, theatre, architecture, photography and printmaking....
      • Video
        Video

        Video is the technology of electronics Videography, recording, processing, storing, transmitting, and reconstructing a sequence of still images representing Scene in motion....
      • Digital photography
        Digital photography

        Digital photography is a form of photography that utilizes digital technology to make s of subjects. Until the advent of such technology, photography used photographic film to create images which could be made visible by photographic processing....
      • Digital Art
        Digital art

        Digital art most commonly refers to art created on a computer in digital form. In an expanded sense, "digital art" is a term applied to contemporary art that uses the methods of mass production or digital media....
      • Interactive Art
        Interactive art

        Interactive art is a form of installation-based art that involves the spectator in some way. Some installations achieve this by letting the observer walk in, on, and around them....
      • Experimental music
        Experimental music

        Experimental music refers, in the English-language literature, to a compositional tradition which arose in the mid-twentieth century, particularly in North America, and whose most famous and influential exponent was John Cage ....
  • Commerce
    Commerce

    Commerce is a division of trade or production, costs, and pricing which deals with the Trade of goods and service from production, costs, and pricing to final consumer....
    • Industry
      Industry

      An industry is the manufacturing of a Good or Service within a category. Although industry is a broad term for any kind of economic production, in economics and urban planning industry is a synonym for the secondary sector, which is a type of economic activity involved in the manufacturing of raw materials into goods and products....
    • Corporate Communications
      Corporate communications

      Corporate communications is the communication issued by a corporate / organization / body / institute to all its public. Publics here - can be both internal and external ....
    • Business Presentations
      Presentation

      Presentation is the process of showing and explaining the content of a topic to an audience. A presentation program, such as OpenOffice.org#Components, Keynote or Microsoft PowerPoint, is often used to generate the presentation content....
    • Telecommuting
      Telecommuting

      Telecommuting, e-commuting, e-work, telework, working at home , or working from home is a employment arrangement in which employees enjoy Labour market flexibility in working location and hours....
  • Software Interfaces
    Graphical user interface

    A graphical user interface is a type of user interface which allows people to human-computer interaction such as computers; hand-held devices such as MP3 Players, Portable Media Players or Gaming devices; household appliances and office equipment....
  • Computer Simulations
  • Virtual Reality
    Virtual reality

    Virtual reality is a technology which allows a user to interact with a computer-simulated environment, whether that environment is a simulation of the real world or an imaginary world....
  • Entertainment
    Entertainment

    Entertainment is an activity designed to give people pleasure or relaxation. An audience may participate in the entertainment passively as in watching opera or a movie, or actively as in games....
    • Television
      Television

      Television is a widely used telecommunication mass-media for transmitting and receiving moving , either monochrome or color, usually accompanied by sound....
    • Video Games
    • Movies
    • Music
      Music industry in the 21st century

      Various technological and social changes in the 21st century have impacted the music industry, including advents in digital technology, the wide-scale acceptance of broadband and the ever decreasing cost of hard drive space....
  • Government
    Government

    Government is the body within any organization that has the authority to make and the power to enforce laws, regulations, or rules. Typically, the government refers to a civil government -- local, provincial, or national -- but commercial, academic, religious, or other formal organizations are also administered by governing bodies....
    • Infrastructure
      Infrastructure

      Infrastructure can be defined as the basic physical and organizational structures needed for the operation of a society or enterprise , or the services and facilities necessary for an economy to function....
      • Communication
        Telecommunication

        Telecommunication is the assisted Transmission of Signal over a distance for the purpose of communication. In earlier times, this may have involved the use of smoke signals, Drum , Semaphore line, flag signals or heliograph....
        s
      • Transportation
      • Public Services
        Public services

        Public services is a term usually used to mean Service s provided by government to its citizens, either directly or by financing private provision of services....
    • Military
      Military

      A military is an organization authorized by its nation to use force, usually including use of weapons, in defending its country by combating actual or Threat of force ....
  • Nonprofit Services


    • See also

    • Electracy
      Electracy

      Electracy describes the kind of ?literacy? or skill and facility necessary to exploit the full communicative potential of new electronic media such as multimedia, hypermedia, social software, and virtual worlds....
    • Electromechanics
      Electromechanics

      In engineering, electromechanics combines the sciences of electromagnetism of electrical engineering and mechanical engineering. Mechanical engineering in this context refers to the larger discipline which includes chemical engineering, physics, and othe related disciplines....
    • Format war
      Format war

      A format war describes competition between mutually incompatible proprietary formats, typically for data storage devices and recording formats for electronic media....
    • Electronic art
      Electronic art

      Electronic art is a form of art that makes use of electronic media or, more broadly, refers to technology and/or electronic media. It is related to information art, new media art, video art, digital art, interactive art, internet art, and electronic music....


    External links


    • . Short essay on the mass media; its history and development.