Ein Harod
Encyclopedia
Ein Harod was a kibbutz
in Israel. It was located in northern Israel
near Mount Gilboa. It is notable for being built near the battlefield of Ayn Jalut (the Arabic name for Ein Harod), a battle of huge macro-historical importance where the Mongols were defeated for the first time, in 1260.
, Russian Jews, in 1921 on a tract of land near Ma'ayan Harod (Harod Spring, mentioned in the Bible (Judges 7:1) as a place of judge Gideon), and with it, a railway station on the Jezreel Valley railway
. The kibbutz moved to a permanent location at the foot of Kumi Hill in 1931.
The village played an important role in the defence of the area during the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine, known by the Jews of the era as "the disturbances." It was the base of Orde Wingate's Special Night Squads
, and also he felt familiar with the judge Gideon. On June 29th, 1946 the British army
occupied the village by force. In 1947 it had a population of 1120.
In 1952, in the wake of ideological differences between supporters of the two main socialist
parties, Mapai
and Mapam
, the kibbutz split, creating two separate kibbutzim:
Today both kibbutzim belong to the same movement, the United Kibbutz Movement.
From its beginning Ein Harod was a place for creators and public figures such as Shlomo Lavi, Haim Shturman (Hebrew Wikipedia on Haim Shturman), Yitzhak Tabenkin
, Nahum Benari
, Haim Atar (Hebrew Wikipedia on Haim Atar), and Avraham Tarshish (Hebrew Wikipedia on Avraham Tarshish).
, connected to this area.
Kibbutz
A kibbutz is a collective community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture. Today, farming has been partly supplanted by other economic branches, including industrial plants and high-tech enterprises. Kibbutzim began as utopian communities, a combination of socialism and Zionism...
in Israel. It was located in northern Israel
Israel
The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
near Mount Gilboa. It is notable for being built near the battlefield of Ayn Jalut (the Arabic name for Ein Harod), a battle of huge macro-historical importance where the Mongols were defeated for the first time, in 1260.
History
The kibbutz was founded by pioneers of the Third AliyahThird Aliyah
The third Aliyah refers to the third wave of the Jewish immigration to Israel from Europe who came inspired by Zionist motives between the years 1919 and 1923 . A symbol of the start of the third immigration wave is the arrival of the boat "Roselan" in the Jaffa Port on December 19, 1919...
, Russian Jews, in 1921 on a tract of land near Ma'ayan Harod (Harod Spring, mentioned in the Bible (Judges 7:1) as a place of judge Gideon), and with it, a railway station on the Jezreel Valley railway
Jezreel Valley railway
The Jezreel Valley railway, or simply the Valley railway refers to a historical railroad in Ottoman and British Palestine, which was part of the larger Hejaz railway and ran along the Jezreel Valley....
. The kibbutz moved to a permanent location at the foot of Kumi Hill in 1931.
The village played an important role in the defence of the area during the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine, known by the Jews of the era as "the disturbances." It was the base of Orde Wingate's Special Night Squads
Special Night Squads
The Special Night Squads were a joint British-Jewish counter-insurgency unit, established by Captain Orde Wingate in Palestine in 1938, during the 1936-1939 Arab revolt. The SNS comprised British infantry soldiers and Jewish Supernumerary Police...
, and also he felt familiar with the judge Gideon. On June 29th, 1946 the British army
British Army
The British Army is the land warfare branch of Her Majesty's Armed Forces in the United Kingdom. It came into being with the unification of the Kingdom of England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. The new British Army incorporated Regiments that had already existed in England...
occupied the village by force. In 1947 it had a population of 1120.
In 1952, in the wake of ideological differences between supporters of the two main socialist
Socialism
Socialism is an economic system characterized by social ownership of the means of production and cooperative management of the economy; or a political philosophy advocating such a system. "Social ownership" may refer to any one of, or a combination of, the following: cooperative enterprises,...
parties, Mapai
Mapai
Mapai was a left-wing political party in Israel, and was the dominant force in Israeli politics until its merger into the Israeli Labor Party in 1968...
and Mapam
Mapam
Mapam was a political party in Israel and is one of the ancestors of the modern-day Meretz party.-History:Mapam was formed by a January 1948 merger of the Hashomer Hatzair Workers Party and Ahdut HaAvoda Poale Zion Movement. The party was originally Marxist-Zionist in its outlook and represented...
, the kibbutz split, creating two separate kibbutzim:
- Ein Harod (Ihud) (affiliated with MapaiMapaiMapai was a left-wing political party in Israel, and was the dominant force in Israeli politics until its merger into the Israeli Labor Party in 1968...
and belonging to Ihud HaKvutzot veHaKibbutzim) - Ein Harod (Meuhad) (affiliated with MapamMapamMapam was a political party in Israel and is one of the ancestors of the modern-day Meretz party.-History:Mapam was formed by a January 1948 merger of the Hashomer Hatzair Workers Party and Ahdut HaAvoda Poale Zion Movement. The party was originally Marxist-Zionist in its outlook and represented...
and belonging to HaKibbutz HaMeuhad)
Today both kibbutzim belong to the same movement, the United Kibbutz Movement.
From its beginning Ein Harod was a place for creators and public figures such as Shlomo Lavi, Haim Shturman (Hebrew Wikipedia on Haim Shturman), Yitzhak Tabenkin
Yitzhak Tabenkin
-External links:...
, Nahum Benari
Nahum Benari
Nahum Benari was an Israeli writer and an intellectual. He is known mainly for promoting many Israeli cultural initiatives, primarily in the 1940s-50s, through his position as a member of the management body of the Histadrut Nahum Benari (Hebrew: נַחוּם בֶּנאֲרִי) (January 3, 1893 - December 24,...
, Haim Atar (Hebrew Wikipedia on Haim Atar), and Avraham Tarshish (Hebrew Wikipedia on Avraham Tarshish).
Museums
Museum "Beit Shturman" with collections of nature, archaeology and history of the area. In the museum also Charles Orde Wingate is honoured, one of the few British soldiers supporting Zionism. He liked the region, because he linked his fate to the Biblical judge GideonGideon
Gideon was an Israelite judge who appears in the Book of JudgesGideon may also refer to:- Religion :* Gideon , a figure in the Book of Mormon* Gideons International, distributor of copies of the Bible- Media :...
, connected to this area.
