Eight-thousander
Encyclopedia
The eight-thousanders are the fourteen independent mountain
Mountain
Image:Himalaya_annotated.jpg|thumb|right|The Himalayan mountain range with Mount Everestrect 58 14 160 49 Chomo Lonzorect 200 28 335 52 Makalurect 378 24 566 45 Mount Everestrect 188 581 920 656 Tibetan Plateaurect 250 406 340 427 Rong River...

s on Earth
Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun, and the densest and fifth-largest of the eight planets in the Solar System. It is also the largest of the Solar System's four terrestrial planets...

 that are more than 8000 metres (26,247 ft) high above sea level
Sea level
Mean sea level is a measure of the average height of the ocean's surface ; used as a standard in reckoning land elevation...

. They are all located in the Himalayan and Karakoram
Karakoram
The Karakoram, or Karakorum , is a large mountain range spanning the borders between Pakistan, India and China, located in the regions of Gilgit-Baltistan , Ladakh , and Xinjiang region,...

 mountain ranges in Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...

.

The first recorded attempt on an eight-thousander took place on the expedition by Albert F. Mummery
Albert F. Mummery
Albert Frederick Mummery , was an English mountaineer and author. Although most notable for his many and varied first ascents put up in the Alps, Mummery, along with J...

, and J. Norman Collie
J. Norman Collie
John Norman Collie FRS , commonly referred to as J. Norman Collie, was a British scientist, mountaineer, and explorer.- Life and work :He was born in Alderley Edge, Cheshire, the second of four sons...

 to Nanga Parbat
Nanga Parbat
Nanga Parbat is the ninth highest mountain on Earth, the second highest mountain in Pakistan and among the eight-thousanders with a summit elevation of 8,126 meters...

 in the territory of Kashmir (in present day Pakistan Administered Kashmir) in 1895; this attempt failed as Mummery and two Gurkha
Gurkha
Gurkha are people from Nepal who take their name from the Gorkha District. Gurkhas are best known for their history in the Indian Army's Gorkha regiments, the British Army's Brigade of Gurkhas and the Nepalese Army. Gurkha units are closely associated with the kukri, a forward-curving Nepalese knife...

s, Ragobir and Goman Singh, were killed by an avalanche.

The first recorded successful ascent of an eight-thousander was by Maurice Herzog
Maurice Herzog
Maurice Herzog is a French mountaineer and sports administrator who was born in Lyon, France. He led the expedition that first climbed a peak over 8000m, Annapurna, in 1950, and reached the summit with Louis Lachenal. Upon his return, he wrote a best-selling book about the expedition...

 and Louis Lachenal
Louis Lachenal
Louis Lachenal , a French climber born in Annecy, Haute-Savoie, was one of the first two mountaineers to climb a summit of more than 8,000 meters. On 3 June 1950, along with Maurice Herzog, he reached the summit of Annapurna I in Nepal at a height of 8,091 m...

, who reached the summit of Annapurna
Annapurna
Annapurna is a section of the Himalayas in north-central Nepal that includes Annapurna I, thirteen additional peaks over and 16 more over ....

 on June 3, 1950.

The first person to climb all fourteen eight-thousanders was Reinhold Messner
Reinhold Messner
Reinhold Messner is an Italian mountaineer and explorer from Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol "whose astonishing feats on Everest and on peaks throughout the world have earned him the status of the greatest climber in history." He is renowned for making the first solo ascent of Mount Everest without...

. He completed this task on October 16, 1986. A year later, in 1987, Jerzy Kukuczka
Jerzy Kukuczka
Jerzy Kukuczka , born in Katowice, Poland, was a Polish alpine and high-altitude climber. On 18 September 1987, he became the second man, after Reinhold Messner, to climb all fourteen eight-thousanders in the world....

 became the second climber to accomplish this feat. , a total of 26 people have summitted all 14 peaks undisputed. This is an extremely hazardous feat; at least four people have died while in pursuit of this goal. Phurba Tashi
Phurba Tashi
Phurba Tashi Sherpa Mendewa is a famous Everest climber. Together with Juanito Oiarzabal, he is the person with most total ascents to eight-thousanders, with 28. http://www.alpenglowexpeditions.com/about-us/phurba-tashi These include 19 ascents on Mt. Everest, 5 on Cho Oyo, 2 over Manasulu, and one...

 of Nepal has completed the most climbs of the eight-thousanders, with 26 ascents between 1998 and 2011. Juanito Oiarzabal
Juanito Oiarzabal
Juan Eusebio Oiarzabal Urteaga commonly known as Juanito Oiarzabal is a noted Spanish Basque mountaineer and has written four books on the subject. He was the sixth man to reach all 14 eight-thousander summits, and the fourth in reaching them without supplementary oxygen...

 has completed the second most, with a total of 25 times from 1985 to 2011.

The countries with the highest number of climbers that have climbed all fourteen eight-thousanders are Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...

 and South Korea
South Korea
The Republic of Korea , , is a sovereign state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, North Korea to the north, and the East China Sea and Republic of China to the south...

, with 4 climbers each, and Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan , officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Ranked as the ninth largest country in the world, it is also the world's largest landlocked country; its territory of is greater than Western Europe...

, Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...

 and Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...

 with 3 climbers each. The first woman who claimed to have summited all 14 eight-thousanders was Oh Eun-Sun
Oh Eun-Sun
Oh Eun-Sun is a South Korean female mountaineer. She is the first Korean woman to climb the Seven Summits...

 of South Korea, stating she completed the set by summiting Annapurna on April 27, 2010. Doubts about this claim have been raised by several parties and an inquiry by the Korean Alpine Federation (KAF) declared her summit claim for Kangchenjunga
Kangchenjunga
Kangchenjunga is the third highest mountain of the world with an elevation of and located along the India-Nepal border in the Himalayas.Kangchenjunga is also the name of the section of the Himalayas and means "The Five Treasures of Snows", as it contains five peaks, four of them over...

 2009 "unlikely". Their doubts add to those previously brought forward by rival Edurne Pasaban
Edurne Pasaban
Edurne Pasaban Lizarribar is a Basque Spanish mountaineer, from the province of Gipuzkoa in the Basque Country. On May 17, 2010, she became the 21st person and the first woman to climb all of the fourteen eight-thousander peaks in the World...

, which moved Himalayan chronicler Elizabeth Hawley
Elizabeth Hawley
"Miss Hawley" redirects here. For other people of the same name see Hawley.Elizabeth Hawley is an American former journalist and chronicler of Himalayan expeditions. She traveled to Nepal in September 1960 and never left.She was educated at the University of Michigan...

 in the spring of 2010 to tag the summit as “disputed.". Later in 2010, Edurne Pasaban
Edurne Pasaban
Edurne Pasaban Lizarribar is a Basque Spanish mountaineer, from the province of Gipuzkoa in the Basque Country. On May 17, 2010, she became the 21st person and the first woman to climb all of the fourteen eight-thousander peaks in the World...

 was declared the first woman to climb all fourteen eight-thousanders.

List of eight-thousanders

Peak Height Location First ascent First ascensionist(s) First ascent in winter First ascensionist(s) in winter Ascents Deaths Death rate Death rate
before 1990*
Death rate
since 1990*
Everest
Mount Everest
Mount Everest is the world's highest mountain, with a peak at above sea level. It is located in the Mahalangur section of the Himalayas. The international boundary runs across the precise summit point...

8848 m (29,029 ft)  China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

/ Nepal
Nepal
Nepal , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked sovereign state located in South Asia. It is located in the Himalayas and bordered to the north by the People's Republic of China, and to the south, east, and west by the Republic of India...

29 May 1953   Edmund Hillary
Edmund Hillary
Sir Edmund Percival Hillary, KG, ONZ, KBE , was a New Zealand mountaineer, explorer and philanthropist. On 29 May 1953 at the age of 33, he and Sherpa mountaineer Tenzing Norgay became the first climbers known to have reached the summit of Mount Everest – see Timeline of climbing Mount Everest...


 Tenzing Norgay
Tenzing Norgay
Padma Bhushan, Supradipta-Manyabara-Nepal-Tara Tenzing Norgay, GM born Namgyal Wangdi and often referred to as Sherpa Tenzing, was a Nepalese Sherpa mountaineer...

17 Feb 1980
  Krzysztof Wielicki
Krzysztof Wielicki
Krzysztof Wielicki is a Polish retired alpine and high-altitude climber. He is the fifth man to climb all fourteen eight-thousanders and the first ever to climb Mount Everest, Kangchenjunga, and Lhotse in the winter. He is a member of The Explorers Club...


  Leszek Cichy
Leszek Cichy
Leszek Cichy is a Polish mountaineer, geodesist, financier, and entrepreneur. He was born in Pruszków, Poland on November 14, 1951. He is best known for making the first winter ascent of Mount Everest together with Krzysztof Wielicki in 1980 which established the winter ascent record of 8,848 meters...

3684 210 5.70% 37% 4.4%
K2
K2
K2 is the second-highest mountain on Earth, after Mount Everest...

8611 m (28,251 ft)  China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

/ Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...

31 Jul 1954   Achille Compagnoni
Achille Compagnoni
Achille Compagnoni was an Italian mountaineer. Together with Lino Lacedelli, on 31 July 1954 he was the first man to reach the summit of K2.-Biography:...


  Lino Lacedelli
Lino Lacedelli
Lino Lacedelli was an Italian mountaineer.-Early life:Lacedelli was born in Cortina d'Ampezzo ....

284 66 23.24% 41% 19.7%
Kangchenjunga
Kangchenjunga
Kangchenjunga is the third highest mountain of the world with an elevation of and located along the India-Nepal border in the Himalayas.Kangchenjunga is also the name of the section of the Himalayas and means "The Five Treasures of Snows", as it contains five peaks, four of them over...

8586 m (28,169 ft)  Nepal
Nepal
Nepal , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked sovereign state located in South Asia. It is located in the Himalayas and bordered to the north by the People's Republic of China, and to the south, east, and west by the Republic of India...

/ India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...

25 May 1955 George Band
George Band
George Christopher Band OBE ) was an English mountaineer.Band was born in Taiwan and educated at Eltham College...


Joe Brown
Joe Brown (climber)
Joseph Brown, CBE is an English climber, born the seventh and last child of a family in the Manchester suburb of Ardwick. He became famous for climbing during the 1950s, and was a member of the Valkyrie climbing club and founding member of the Rock and Ice climbing club. An early climbing partner...

11 Jan 1986   Krzysztof Wielicki
Krzysztof Wielicki
Krzysztof Wielicki is a Polish retired alpine and high-altitude climber. He is the fifth man to climb all fourteen eight-thousanders and the first ever to climb Mount Everest, Kangchenjunga, and Lhotse in the winter. He is a member of The Explorers Club...


  Jerzy Kukuczka
Jerzy Kukuczka
Jerzy Kukuczka , born in Katowice, Poland, was a Polish alpine and high-altitude climber. On 18 September 1987, he became the second man, after Reinhold Messner, to climb all fourteen eight-thousanders in the world....

209 40 21.4% 21% 22%
Lhotse
Lhotse
Lhotse is the fourth highest mountain on Earth and is connected to Everest via the South Col. In addition to the main summit at 8,516 metres above sea level, Lhotse Middle is and Lhotse Shar is...

8516 m (27,940 ft)  China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

/ Nepal
Nepal
Nepal , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked sovereign state located in South Asia. It is located in the Himalayas and bordered to the north by the People's Republic of China, and to the south, east, and west by the Republic of India...

18 May 1956   Fritz Luchsinger
Fritz Luchsinger
Fritz Luchsinger was a Swiss mountaineer. Together with Ernst Reiss he made the first ascent of Lhotse , the fourth highest mountain in the world, on 18 May 1956...


  Ernst Reiss
Ernst Reiss
Ernst Reiss was a Swiss mountaineer, who together with Fritz Luchsinger was the first to climb the fourth highest mountain on earth in 1956....

31 Dec 1988   Krzysztof Wielicki
Krzysztof Wielicki
Krzysztof Wielicki is a Polish retired alpine and high-altitude climber. He is the fifth man to climb all fourteen eight-thousanders and the first ever to climb Mount Everest, Kangchenjunga, and Lhotse in the winter. He is a member of The Explorers Club...

221 11 3.43% 14% 2%
Makalu
Makalu
Makalu is the fifth highest mountain in the world at and is located southeast of Mount Everest, on the border between Nepal and China...

8485 m (27,838 ft)  China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

/ Nepal
Nepal
Nepal , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked sovereign state located in South Asia. It is located in the Himalayas and bordered to the north by the People's Republic of China, and to the south, east, and west by the Republic of India...

15 May 1955   Jean Couzy
Jean Couzy
Jean Couzy was a French mountaineer. He studied aeronautical engineering at the École Polytechnique. At age 27, he was a member of Maurice Herzog's 1950 expedition to Annapurna. Prior to this, his usual climbing partner was Marcel Schatz, another member of the expedition...


  Lionel Terray
Lionel Terray
Lionel Terray was a French climber who made many first ascents, including Makalu in the Himalaya and Cerro Fitzroy in the Patagonian Andes ....

09 Feb 2009   Simone Moro
Simone Moro
Simone Moro is an Italian alpinist. He has climbed several 8000m peaks without using supplementary oxygen. - Early life :...


  Denis Urubko
Denis Urubko
Denis Urubko is a mountaineer from Kazakhstan with Russian descent. In 2009, he became the 15th person to climb the 14 eight-thousanders....

234 26 11.11% 16% 8.5%
Cho Oyu
Cho Oyu
Cho Oyu is the sixth highest mountain in the world at above sea level. Cho Oyu lies in the Himalayas and is 20 km west of Mount Everest, at the border between China and Nepal...

8201 m (26,906 ft)  China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

/ Nepal
Nepal
Nepal , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked sovereign state located in South Asia. It is located in the Himalayas and bordered to the north by the People's Republic of China, and to the south, east, and west by the Republic of India...

19 Oct 1954   Joseph Joechler
  Pasang Dawa Lama
  Herbert Tichy
Herbert Tichy
Herbert Tichy was an Austrian author, geologist, journalist and climber.-Biography:In 1933 Tichy travelled with a motorcycle from Austria to India...

12 Feb 1985   Maciej Berbeka
Maciej Berbeka
Maciej Berbeka is a Polish mountaineer.On January 14, 1984, together with Ryszard Gajewski he made the first winter ascent of Manaslu.On February 12, 1985, together with Maciej Pawlikowski he made the first winter ascent of Cho Oyu....


  Maciej Pawlikowski
Maciej Pawlikowski
Maciej Pawlikowski is a Polish mountaineer. He is best known for the first winter ascent of Cho Oyu together with Maciej Berbeka on February 12, 1985. He is also the current president of the Zakopane Mountaineering Club.-External links:**...

2668 39 1.46%
Dhaulagiri I
Dhaulagiri
Dhaulagiri is Earth's seventh highest mountain at ; one of fourteen over eight thousand metres. Dhaulagiri was first climbed May 13, 1960 by a Swiss/Austrian expedition....

8167 m (26,795 ft)  Nepal
Nepal
Nepal , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked sovereign state located in South Asia. It is located in the Himalayas and bordered to the north by the People's Republic of China, and to the south, east, and west by the Republic of India...

13 May 1960   Kurt Diemberger
Kurt Diemberger
Kurt Diemberger is an accomplished Austrian mountaineer and author of several books.-Career:As of 2008, Kurt Diemberger is the only remaining person alive that made the first ascents on two mountains over 8,000 metres. In 1957, he made the first ascent of Broad Peak and in 1960, the first ascent...


  Peter Diener
  Nawang Dorje
  Nima Dorje
  Ernst Forrer
  Albin Schelbert
21 Jan 1985   Andrzej Czok
Andrzej Czok
Andrzej Czok was a Polish mountaineer best known for the first winter ascent of Dhaulagiri on January 21, 1985 with Jerzy Kukuczka and for the first ascent of Mount Everest through North Pillar in 1980 . He died while making a winter attempt on Kangchenjunga.-References:*...


  Jerzy Kukuczka
Jerzy Kukuczka
Jerzy Kukuczka , born in Katowice, Poland, was a Polish alpine and high-altitude climber. On 18 September 1987, he became the second man, after Reinhold Messner, to climb all fourteen eight-thousanders in the world....

358 58 16.20% 31% 11%
Manaslu
Manaslu
Manaslu , also known as Kutang) is the eighth highest mountain in the world, and is located in the Mansiri Himal, part of the Nepalese Himalayas, in the west-central part of Nepal. Its name, which means "Mountain of the Spirit", comes from the Sanskrit word Manasa, meaning "intellect" or "soul"...

8163 m (26,781 ft)  Nepal
Nepal
Nepal , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked sovereign state located in South Asia. It is located in the Himalayas and bordered to the north by the People's Republic of China, and to the south, east, and west by the Republic of India...

9 May 1956   Toshio Imanishi
  Gyalzen Norbu
14 Jan 1984   Maciej Berbeka
Maciej Berbeka
Maciej Berbeka is a Polish mountaineer.On January 14, 1984, together with Ryszard Gajewski he made the first winter ascent of Manaslu.On February 12, 1985, together with Maciej Pawlikowski he made the first winter ascent of Cho Oyu....


  Ryszard Gajewski
Ryszard Gajewski
Ryszard Gajewski is a Polish mountaineer best known for the first winter ascent of Manaslu on January 12, 1984 together with Maciej Berbeka.- Eight-thousanders :* Manaslu with Maciej Berbeka...

297 53 17.85% 35.16% 13.42%
Nanga Parbat
Nanga Parbat
Nanga Parbat is the ninth highest mountain on Earth, the second highest mountain in Pakistan and among the eight-thousanders with a summit elevation of 8,126 meters...

8126 m (26,660 ft)  Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...

03 Jul 1953   Hermann Buhl
Hermann Buhl
Hermann Buhl is considered one of the best climbers of all time. He was particularly innovative in applying alpine style to Himalayan climbing...

287 64 22.30% 77% 5.5%
Annapurna I 8091 m (26,545 ft)  Nepal
Nepal
Nepal , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked sovereign state located in South Asia. It is located in the Himalayas and bordered to the north by the People's Republic of China, and to the south, east, and west by the Republic of India...

03 Jun 1950   Maurice Herzog
Maurice Herzog
Maurice Herzog is a French mountaineer and sports administrator who was born in Lyon, France. He led the expedition that first climbed a peak over 8000m, Annapurna, in 1950, and reached the summit with Louis Lachenal. Upon his return, he wrote a best-selling book about the expedition...


  Louis Lachenal
Louis Lachenal
Louis Lachenal , a French climber born in Annecy, Haute-Savoie, was one of the first two mountaineers to climb a summit of more than 8,000 meters. On 3 June 1950, along with Maurice Herzog, he reached the summit of Annapurna I in Nepal at a height of 8,091 m...

03 Feb 1987   Jerzy Kukuczka
Jerzy Kukuczka
Jerzy Kukuczka , born in Katowice, Poland, was a Polish alpine and high-altitude climber. On 18 September 1987, he became the second man, after Reinhold Messner, to climb all fourteen eight-thousanders in the world....


  Artur Hajzer
Artur Hajzer
Artur Hajzer is a Polish mountaineer best known for the first winter ascent of Annapurna on February 3, 1987 together with Jerzy Kukuczka....

153 58 38% 66% 19.7%
Gasherbrum I
Gasherbrum I
Gasherbrum I , also known as Hidden Peak or K5, is the 11th highest peak on Earth, located on the Pakistan-China border in Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan and Xinjiang region of China. Gasherbrum I is part of the Gasherbrum massif, located in the Karakoram region of the Himalaya...

 (also known as Hidden Peak)
8080 m (26,444 ft)   China/ Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...

 
05 Jul 1958   Andrew Kauffman
  Pete Schoening
Pete Schoening
Peter K. Schoening was an American mountaineer. Schoening was one of two Americans to first successfully climb the Pakistani peak Gasherbrum I in 1958, and was one of the first to summit Mount Vinson in Antarctica in 1966. He was born July 30, 1927, in Seattle, Washington, and grew up in...

265 25 9.43% 15.5% 8.75%
Broad Peak
Broad Peak
Broad Peak , is the 12th highest mountain on Earth, with an elevation of 8,051 meters . The literal translation of "Broad Peak" to Faichan Kangri is not accepted among the Balti people.- Geography :...

8051 m (26,414 ft)   China/ Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...

09 Jun 1957   Fritz Wintersteller
Fritz Wintersteller
Fritz Wintersteller is an Austrian mountaineer who made the first ascent of Broad Peak together with Hermann Buhl, Kurt Diemberger and Marcus Schmuck in 1957....


  Marcus Schmuck
Marcus Schmuck
Marcus Schmuck was an Austrian mountaineer. In 1957, together with Hermann Buhl he organized the expedition, firstly envisaged and initiated by Hermann Buhl, to climb the worlds 12th highest peak, the Broad Peak in the Karakoram in Pakistan. The other members of the expedition were: Fritz...


  Kurt Diemberger
Kurt Diemberger
Kurt Diemberger is an accomplished Austrian mountaineer and author of several books.-Career:As of 2008, Kurt Diemberger is the only remaining person alive that made the first ascents on two mountains over 8,000 metres. In 1957, he made the first ascent of Broad Peak and in 1960, the first ascent...


  Hermann Buhl
Hermann Buhl
Hermann Buhl is considered one of the best climbers of all time. He was particularly innovative in applying alpine style to Himalayan climbing...


359 19 5.29% 5% 8.6%
Gasherbrum II
Gasherbrum II
Gasherbrum II , also known as K4, is the 13th highest mountain on Earth, located on the border of Gilgit-Baltistan province, Pakistan and Xinjiang, China...

8034 m (26,358 ft)   China/ Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...

07 Jul 1956   Fritz Moravec
Fritz Moravec
Fritz Moravec was an Austrian mountaineer, author and famous alpinist.- Life :...


  Josef Larch
  Hans Willenpart
02 Feb 2011   Simone Moro
Simone Moro
Simone Moro is an Italian alpinist. He has climbed several 8000m peaks without using supplementary oxygen. - Early life :...


  Denis Urubko
Denis Urubko
Denis Urubko is a mountaineer from Kazakhstan with Russian descent. In 2009, he became the 15th person to climb the 14 eight-thousanders....


  Cory Richards
836 19 2.27% 7.8% 0.44%
Shishapangma
Shishapangma
Xixabangma, frequently spelled Shishapangma or Shisha Pangma , also called Gosainthān , is the fourteenth-highest mountain in the world and, at 8,013 m , the lowest of the eight-thousanders...

8027 m (26,335 ft)  China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

2 May 1964   Hsu Ching
  Chang Chun-yen
  Wang Fuzhou
Wang Fuzhou
Wang Fuzhou is a Chinese mountain climber.Fuzhou graduated from the Beijing Institute of Geology in 1958. He was elected to the Chinese Mountaineering Team...


  Chen San
  Cheng Tien-liang
  Wu Tsung-yue
  Sodnam Doji
  Migmar Trashi
  Doji
Doji
The doji is a commonly found pattern in a candlestick chart of financially traded assets . It is characterized by being small in length—meaning a small trading range—with an opening and closing price that are virtually equal....


  Yonten
14 Jan 2005   Piotr Morawski
Piotr Morawski
Piotr Morawski was a Polish mountaineer. He was best known for making the first successful winter ascent together with Simone Moro of Shisha Pangma on January 14, 2005. Morawski died aged 32 during an international Dhaulagiri/Manaslu expedition in Nepal...


  Simone Moro
Simone Moro
Simone Moro is an Italian alpinist. He has climbed several 8000m peaks without using supplementary oxygen. - Early life :...

274 23 8.39% 2% 16.8%


* As of September 2003, data from Chinese National Geography
Chinese National Geography
Chinese National Geography is a Chinese monthly magazine similar to the National Geographic Magazine. Founded in 1949 in China, the magazine has revamped itself several times, and is now a popular magazine in mainland China...

, august 2006, page 77 (the column "first ascensionist(s) in winter" has different sources).

Verified climbers who have reached the summit of all 14 eight-thousanders

Field 02 lists people who have peaked all 14 without bottled oxygen.
Order
accomplished
All without
O2 (order)
Name Period born at age Nationality
1 1 Reinhold Messner
Reinhold Messner
Reinhold Messner is an Italian mountaineer and explorer from Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol "whose astonishing feats on Everest and on peaks throughout the world have earned him the status of the greatest climber in history." He is renowned for making the first solo ascent of Mount Everest without...

1970–1986 1944 42   Italian
2 Jerzy Kukuczka
Jerzy Kukuczka
Jerzy Kukuczka , born in Katowice, Poland, was a Polish alpine and high-altitude climber. On 18 September 1987, he became the second man, after Reinhold Messner, to climb all fourteen eight-thousanders in the world....

1979–1987 1948 39   Polish
3 2 Erhard Loretan
Erhard Loretan
Erhard Loretan was a Swiss mountain climber.Loretan was born in Bulle in the canton of Fribourg. He trained as a cabinet-maker and mountain guide and began his climbing career at the age of 11...

1982–1995 1959 36   Swiss
4 Carlos Carsolio
Carlos Carsolio
Carlos Carsolio Larrea is a Mexican mountain climber. Carsolio is known for being the fourth man and the second youngest to climb the world's 14 eight-thousander mountain peaks, all of them without supplementary oxygen .- Early years :Carsolio, the eldest of...

1985–1996 1962 33   Mexican
5 Krzysztof Wielicki
Krzysztof Wielicki
Krzysztof Wielicki is a Polish retired alpine and high-altitude climber. He is the fifth man to climb all fourteen eight-thousanders and the first ever to climb Mount Everest, Kangchenjunga, and Lhotse in the winter. He is a member of The Explorers Club...

1980–1996 1950 46   Polish
6 3 Juanito Oiarzabal
Juanito Oiarzabal
Juan Eusebio Oiarzabal Urteaga commonly known as Juanito Oiarzabal is a noted Spanish Basque mountaineer and has written four books on the subject. He was the sixth man to reach all 14 eight-thousander summits, and the fourth in reaching them without supplementary oxygen...

1985–1999 1956 43   Spanish
7 Sergio Martini
Sergio Martini
Sergio Martini is an Italian mountaineer. In the year 2000, he became the 7th person to climb the 14 eight-thousanders. He did so during the period 1983-2000. He was 51 years of age when he reached the final of the fourteen summits.-References:...

1983–2000 1949 51   Italian
8 Park Young-Seok
Park Young Seok
Park Young-Seok is a South Korean mountaineer. He is the first person in the world who completed a true Adventure Grand Slam. He has climbed the world's 14 Eight-thousanders, the Seven Summits, and visited both poles...

1993–2001 1963 38   Korean
9 Um Hong-Gil
Um Hong-Gil
Um Hong-Gil is a South Korean climber.He has led many South Korean summer expeditions to Mt Aconcagua in Argentina, where he has successfully climbed South America's highest mountain many times....

1988–2001 1960 40   Korean
10 4 Alberto Iñurrategi
Alberto Iñurrategi
Alberto Iñurrategi is an Spanish mountaineer born in Arechavaleta, Guipúzcoa, País Vasco , 3 November 1968. In the year 2002, he became the second Spaniard and 10th person to climb the 14 eight-thousanders....

1991-2002 1968 33   Spanish
11 Han Wang-Yong
Han Wang-Yong
Han Wang-Yong is an Korean mountaineer. In the year 2003, he became the 11th person to climb the 14 eight-thousanders. Since then he has led expeditions to clean rubbish left by other climbers from the slopes of K2 and Everest.-References:...

1994–2003 1966 37   Korean
12 5 Ed Viesturs
Ed Viesturs
Edmund Viesturs, known as Ed Viesturs is one of the world's premier high-altitude mountaineers. He is one of only 26 people and the only one from the United States to have climbed all eight-thousander peaks...

1989–2005 1959 46   American
13 6 Silvio Mondinelli
Silvio Mondinelli
Silvio Mondinelli , is an Italian mountaineer. In the year 2007, he became the 13th person to climb the 14 eight-thousanders. He is the 6th person to accomplish that feat without the use of supplementary oxygen...

1993–2007 1958 49   Italian
14 7 Ivan Vallejo
Ivan Vallejo
Iván Vallejo Ricaurte is a mountaineer from Ecuador. On May 1, 2008, he finished his "Desafio 14" – a personal quest for reaching the summit of all 14 mountains above 8,000 m , without the use of supplemental oxygen....

1997–2008 1959 49   Ecuador
15 8 Denis Urubko
Denis Urubko
Denis Urubko is a mountaineer from Kazakhstan with Russian descent. In 2009, he became the 15th person to climb the 14 eight-thousanders....

2000–2009 1973 35   Kazakhstan
16 Ralf Dujmovits
Ralf Dujmovits
Ralf Dujmovits is a German mountaineer. On 20 May 2009 he reached the summit of Lhotse, becoming the 16th person to climb the 14 eight-thousanders...

1990–2009 1961 47   German
17 9 Veikka Gustafsson
Veikka Gustafsson
Eero Veikka Juhani Gustafsson, known as Veikka Gustafsson is a Finnish mountaineer. He was born in Espoo and he has three siblings, Elina, Erkki and Esa. His family bought a cabin in Tuupovaara and they moved there in 1976. In 1993 Veikka became the first Finnish person to have reached the top of...

1993–2009 1968 41   Finnish
18 Andrew Lock
Andrew Lock
Andrew James Lock OAM is Australia’s most accomplished high altitude mountaineer. He completed his personal mountaineering project to be the first Australian to climb all fourteen "eight-thousanders" in October 2009. In all he has climbed all 14 8000m peaks, with 18 personal 8000 metre summits,...

1993–2009 1961 48   Australian
19 10 João Garcia
João Garcia
João José Silva Abranches Garcia, is a leading mountaineer in Portugal. His main professional activities are as organizer and guide in mountaineering expeditions. On May 18, 1999, he became the first Portuguese man to reach the summit of Mount Everest, without the use of supplementary oxygen...

1993–2010 1967 43   Portuguese
20 Piotr Pustelnik
Piotr Pustelnik
Piotr Pustelnik is a Polish alpine and high-altitude climber. He is the 20th man to climb all fourteen eight-thousanders.- Major ascents :-External links:* * *...

1990–2010 1951 58   Polish
21 Edurne Pasaban
Edurne Pasaban
Edurne Pasaban Lizarribar is a Basque Spanish mountaineer, from the province of Gipuzkoa in the Basque Country. On May 17, 2010, she became the 21st person and the first woman to climb all of the fourteen eight-thousander peaks in the World...

2001–2010 1973 36   Spanish
22 Abele Blanc 1992–2011 1954 56   Italian
23 Mingma Sherpa 2000–2011 1978 33   Nepal
24 11 Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner
Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner
Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner is an Austrian mountaineer. In August 2011, she became the second woman to climb the fourteen eight-thousanders, and the first woman to do so without the use of supplementary oxygen....

1998–2011 1970 40   Austria
25 Vassily Pivtsov 2001–2011 1975 36   Kazakhstan
26 12 Maxut Zhumayev 2001–2011 1977 34   Kazakhstan
27 Kim Jae-Soo 2000–2011 1951 50   Korean


Disputed

Disputes occur when not enough evidence was provided to claim the climb up to the highest peak.
Name Period born at age Nationality
Fausto De Stefani (Lhotse 1997) 1983–1998 1952 46   Italy
Alan Hinkes
Alan Hinkes
Alan Hinkes OBE is an English mountaineer from Northallerton in North Yorkshire. Hinkes is the first British mountaineer to have summited all 14 mountains with elevations greater than 8000 metres, the so-called Eight-thousanders; however, this claim is disputed.He was awarded an Honorary...

 (Cho Oyu 1990)
1987–2005 1954 53   British
Vladislav Terzyul
Vladislav Terzyul
Vladyslav Terzyul , born in Artyom, Siberia, was one of the world's premier high-altitude climbers.He is said to be one of the few people to have climbed all eight-thousander peaks and the first Ukrainian ever, but this claim is disputed.Vladislav Terzyul died descending from the summit of Makalu...

1993-2002 (deceased) 1953 49   Ukrainian
Oh Eun-Sun
Oh Eun-Sun
Oh Eun-Sun is a South Korean female mountaineer. She is the first Korean woman to climb the Seven Summits...

1997–2010 1966 44   Korean

See also

  • List of highest mountains
  • List of deaths on eight-thousanders
  • Seven Summits
    Seven Summits
    The Seven Summits are the highest mountains of each of the seven continents. Summiting all of them is regarded as a mountaineering challenge, first postulated as such and achieved on April 30, 1985 by Richard Bass .-Definition:...

  • Seven Second Summits
    Seven Second Summits
    The Seven Second Summits are the second highest mountains of each of the seven continents. All of these mountain peaks are separate peaks rather than a sub-peak of the continents' high point...

  • Volcanic Seven Summits
    Volcanic Seven Summits
    The Volcanic Seven Summits are the highest volcanoes on each of the seven continents, just as the Seven Summits are the highest peaks on each of the seven continents...

  • Three Poles Challenge
    Three Poles Challenge
    The Three Poles is an adventurer’s challenge to reach all three of the North Pole, the South Pole, and Mount Everest.The Norwegian explorer Erling Kagge was the first in recorded history to accomplish this challenge in 1994. Kagge reached the North Pole on May 8 1990 with Børge Ousland; the South...

  • Explorers Grand Slam
    Explorers Grand Slam
    The Explorers Grand Slam or Adventurers Grand Slam is an adventurers challenge to reach the North Pole, the South Pole and all of the Seven Summits....

    , also known as The Adventurers Grand Slam

External links

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