Editio princeps

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Editio princeps

In classical scholarship, editio princeps is a term of art. It means, roughly, the first printed edition of a work, that previously had existed only in manuscripts, which were therefore circulated only after being copied by hand.

For example, the editio princeps of Homer

Homer

Homer is traditionally held to be the author of the ancient Greek language epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey, as well as of the Homeric Hymns....
is that of Demetrius Chalcondyles

Demetrius Chalcondyles

Demetrius Chalcocondyles or Demetrios Chalcocondylis or Chalcocondylas or Chalcondyles , born in Athens, was one of the most eminent Greek scholars in the West....
, now thought to be from 1488. The most important texts of classical Greek and Roman authors were for the most part produced in editiones principes in the years on either side of 1500.

The picture is complicated by the possibilities of partial publication, of publication first in translation (for example from Greek to Latin), and of a usage that simply equates with first edition

First edition

The bibliographical definition of an edition includes all copies of a book printed ?from substantially the same setting of typesetting,? including all minor typography variants....
.

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Homer

Homer is traditionally held to be the author of the ancient Greek language epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey, as well as of the Homeric Hymns....
is that of Demetrius Chalcondyles

Demetrius Chalcondyles

First edition

The bibliographical definition of an edition includes all copies of a book printed ?from substantially the same setting of typesetting,? including all minor typography variants....
. For a work, such as Piers Plowman
Piers Plowman

Piers Plowman or Visio Willelmi de Petro Ploughman is the title of a Middle English allegorical narrative poem by William Langland. It is written in unrhymed alliterative verse divided into sections called "passus" ....
, with several strands of manuscript tradition that have diverged, it is a less meaningful concept.

The term has long been extended by scholars to works not part of the Ancient Greek and Latin literatures. It is also used for legal works, and other significant documents.

List to 1500 (incunabula, incomplete)

Date	Author, Work	Printer (or location)	Comment
1455	Bible Bible The Bible is the central religious text of Judaism and Christianity. The exact Books of the Bible is dependent on the religious traditions of specific denominations.... (Latin)	Johannes Gutenberg Johannes Gutenberg Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg was a Germany goldsmith and printer who is credited with being the first European to use movable type printing, in around 1439, and the global inventor of the mechanical printing press.... , Mainz Mainz Mainz is a city in Germany and the capital of the Germany States of Germany of Rhineland-Palatinate. It was a politically important seat of the Prince-elector of Mainz under the Holy Roman Empire, and previously was a Roman Empire fort city which commanded the west bank of the Rhine River and formed part of the northernmost frontier of th...	Biblia Sacra Vulgata Vulgate The Vulgate is an early Fifth Century version of the Bible in Latin, and largely the result of the labors of Jerome, who was commissioned by Pope Damasus I in 382 to make a revision of Vetus Latina.... , 2 editions: 42 line and 36 line, see Gutenberg Bible Gutenberg Bible The Gutenberg Bible is a printed version of the Latin Vulgate translation of the Bible that was printed by Johannes Gutenberg, in Mainz, Germany in the fifteenth century.... .
1465	Cicero Cicero Marcus Tullius Cicero was a Ancient Rome philosopher, statesman, lawyer, political theorist, and Constitution of the Roman Republic. Cicero is widely considered one of Rome's greatest rhetoric and prose stylists.... , De officiis De Officiis File:Cicero de officiis.jpgDe Officiis is an essay by Cicero divided into three books, in which Cicero expounds his conception of the best way to live, behave, and observe moral obligations....	Mainz
1469	Apuleius Apuleius Lucius Apuleius Platonicus was a Roman Empire Berber people who described himself as "half-Numidian half-Gaetulian", remembered most for his ribaldry Picaresque novel Latin novel, the Metamorphoses, otherwise known as The Golden Ass or, in Latin, the Asinus Aureus ....	Sweynheym and Pannartz Arnold Pannartz and Konrad Sweynheim Arnold Pannartz and Konrad Sweinheim were two printers of the fifteenth century.Pannartz died about 1476, Sweinheim in 1477. Pannartz was, perhaps, a native of Prague, and Sweinheim of Eltville near Mainz....
	Livy Livy Titus Livius , known as Livy in English language, was a Ancient Rome historian who wrote a monumental history of Rome, Ab Urbe Condita, from its founding through the reign of Augustus in Livy's own time....	Rome	Books 1-10, 21-32, 34-39.
	Lucan Marcus Annaeus Lucanus Marcus Annaeus Lucanus , better known in English language as Lucan, was a Roman Empire poet, born in Corduba , in the Hispania Baetica. Despite his short life, he is regarded as one of the outstanding figures of the Classical Latin#Silver_Age_Latin period....	Sweynheym and Pannartz Arnold Pannartz and Konrad Sweynheim Arnold Pannartz and Konrad Sweinheim were two printers of the fifteenth century.Pannartz died about 1476, Sweinheim in 1477. Pannartz was, perhaps, a native of Prague, and Sweinheim of Eltville near Mainz....
	Virgil Virgil Publius Vergilius Maro was a classical Roman poet, best known for three major works?the Bucolics , the Georgics and the Aeneid?although several Appendix Vergiliana are also attributed to him....	Rome
	Caesar Caesar Caesar or C?sar may refer to the following:... , De Bello Gallico	Rome
	Pliny the Elder Pliny the Elder Gaius Plinius Secundus , better known as Pliny the Elder, was an ancient author, naturalist or natural philosopher and naval and military commander of some importance who wrote Natural History ....	Johannes de Spira Johann and Wendelin of Speyer The brothers Johann and Wendelin of Speyer were German printers in Venice from 1468 to 1477.They were among the first of those who came to Italy from Mainz, after 1462, to introduce printing....
c.1469	Aulus Gellius Aulus Gellius Aulus Gellius , Latin author and grammarian, possibly of African origin, probably born and certainly brought up at Rome.He studied grammar and rhetoric at Rome and philosophy at Athens, after which he returned to Rome, where he held a judicial office....	Sweynheym and Pannartz Arnold Pannartz and Konrad Sweynheim Arnold Pannartz and Konrad Sweinheim were two printers of the fifteenth century.Pannartz died about 1476, Sweinheim in 1477. Pannartz was, perhaps, a native of Prague, and Sweinheim of Eltville near Mainz....
1470	Sallust Sallust For the philosopher, see Sallustius; for other uses, see Sallust .Gaius Sallustius Crispus, generally known simply as Sallust, , a Roman Republic historian, belonged to a well-known plebeian family, and was born at Amiternum in the country of the Sabines....
	Suetonius Suetonius Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, commonly known as Suetonius , was an equestrian and a historian during the Roman Empire. His most important surviving work is a set of biographies on the battles of twelve successive Roman rulers, from Julius Caesar until Domitian, entitled On the Life of the Caesars.... , De Vita Caesarum	Rome	Edited by Giannantonio Campano
	Terence Terence Publius Terentius Afer , better known as Terence, was a playwright of the Roman Republic. His comedies were performed for the first time around 170–160 BC, and he died young probably in Greece or on his way back to Rome....
?1468-1470	Tacitus Tacitus Publius Cornelius Tacitus was a Roman Senate and a historian of the Roman Empire. The surviving portions of his two major works—the Annals and the Histories —examine the reigns of the Roman Emperors Tiberius, Claudius, Nero and those that reigned in the Year of the Four Emperors....	Venice
1471	Ovid Ovid Publius Ovidius Naso was a Roman Empire poet known as Ovid to the English language-speaking world, who wrote about love, seduction, and Roman mythology transformation....
1471	Pomponius Mela Pomponius Mela Pomponius Mela, who wrote around 43, was the earliest Roman Empire geographer.His little work is a mere compendium, occupying less than one hundred pages of ordinary print, dry in style and deficient in method, but of pure Latinity, and occasionally relieved by pleasing word-pictures.... , De Chorographia libri tres	Milan, Antonius Zarotus
1472	Diodorus Siculus Diodorus Siculus Diodorus Siculus , was a Roman Greece historian who flourished in the 1st century BC. According to Diodorus' own work, he was born at Agira in Sicily ....	Poggio Bracciolini	partial Latin translation; complete edition 1559
	Cato Maior, De Agri Cultura De Agri Cultura *De Agri Cultura* , written by Cato the Elder, is the oldest surviving work of Latin prose. Alexander Hugh McDonald, in his article for the Oxford Classical Dictionary, dated this essay's composition to about 160s BC and noted that "for all of its lack of form, its details of old custom and superstition, and its archaic tone, it was an...	Venice, Nicolaus Jensonus	Edited by Georgius Merula Georgius Merula Georgius Merula was an Italy Humanism and classical scholar born in Alessandria in Piedmont. The greater part of his life was spent in Venice and Milan, where he held a professorship and continued to teach until his death....
	Isidore of Seville Isidore of Seville Saint Isidore of Seville was Archbishop of Seville for more than three decades and has the reputation of being one of the greatest scholars of the early Middle Ages.... , Etymologiae
	Plautus Plautus Titus Maccius Plautus , commonly known as Plautus, was a Ancient Rome playwright. His comedy are among the earliest surviving intact works in Latin literature....
	Varro Varro Varro was a Ancient Rome cognomen carried by:Gaius Terentius Varro, the consul defeated at the battle of CannaeMarcus Terentius Varro , the scholar... , Rerum Rusticarum libri tres	Venezia Nicolaus Jensonus	Edited by Georgius Merula Georgius Merula Georgius Merula was an Italy Humanism and classical scholar born in Alessandria in Piedmont. The greater part of his life was spent in Venice and Milan, where he held a professorship and continued to teach until his death.... in the same volume as the above.
1473	Lucretius Lucretius Titus Lucretius Carus was a Roman Republic poet and philosopher. His only known work is the epic philosophical poem on Epicureanism De rerum natura, translated into English as On the Nature of Things....	Brescia
c.1473	Marcus Manilius Marcus Manilius Marcus Manilius was a Roman poet, astrologer, and author of a poem in five books called Astronomica.... , Astronomicon	Regiomontanus Regiomontanus Johannes M?ller von K?nigsberg , known by his Latin pseudonym Regiomontanus, was an important Germany mathematician, astronomer and astrologer....
1474	Valerius Flaccus Valerius Flaccus Valerius Flaccus may refer to:Gaius Valerius Flaccus, Roman poet at the time of VespasianLucius Valerius Flaccus, name of a number of Roman politicians...	Bologna
	Claudian Claudian Claudian was a Roman poet, who worked for Emperor Flavius Augustus Honorius and the latter's general Stilicho.A Greek language citizen of Alexandria, Claudian arrived in Rome before 395, and made his mark with a eulogy of his two young patrons, Probinus and Olybrius, thereby becoming court poet....
1475	Historia Augusta
1478	Aulus Cornelius Celsus Aulus Cornelius Celsus Aulus Cornelius Celsus was a Ancient Rome encyclopedist, known for his Extant literature medical work, De Medicina, which is believed to be the only surviving section of a much larger encyclopedia....
1482	Horatius Horatius Horatius is the name of a gens of ancient Rome.* Horatius Cocles, legendary hero* Horatii, three members of the Horatius gens who fought to the death against the Curatii....	Firenze
c. 1483	Tertullian Tertullian Quintus Septimius Florens Tertullianus, anglicised as Tertullian, was a prolific and controversial early Christian author, and the first to write Christian Latin literature....		Complex history
c.1484	Serenus Sammonicus Serenus Sammonicus Quintus Sammonicus Serenus was a Roman savant, and an author of a didactic medical poem, De medicina praecepta .The work contains a number of popular remedies, borrowed from Pliny the Elder and Dioscorides, and various magic formulae, amongst others the famous Abracadabra, as a cure for fever and ague....	Sulpitius Verulanus
1488	Avienus Avienus Avienus was a Latin writer of the 4th century. His full name Postumius Rufius Festus Avienius is mentioned on an inscription from Bulla Regia, but "Avienus" has become the usual form of reference....
	Homer Homer Homer is traditionally held to be the author of the ancient Greek language epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey, as well as of the Homeric Hymns....	Demetrius Chalcondyles Demetrius Chalcondyles Demetrius Chalcocondyles or Demetrios Chalcocondylis or Chalcocondylas or Chalcondyles , born in Athens, was one of the most eminent Greek scholars in the West....
c.1493	Hesiod Hesiod Hesiod was a Greek language oral poet, his date is uncertain but leading scholars agree that Hesiod lived in the latter half of the Eighth-century BCE.... , Works and Days Works and Days *Works and Days* is a Greek poem of some 800 verses written by Hesiod . The poem revolves around two general truths: labour is the universal lot of Man, but he who is willing to work will get by....	Demetrius Chalcondyles Demetrius Chalcondyles Demetrius Chalcocondyles or Demetrios Chalcocondylis or Chalcocondylas or Chalcondyles , born in Athens, was one of the most eminent Greek scholars in the West....
1493	Isocrates Isocrates File:Isocrates pushkin.jpgIsocrates , an ancient Greek rhetorician, was one of the ten Attic orators. In his time, he was probably the most influential rhetorician in Greece and made many contributions to rhetoric and education through his teaching and written works....	Demetrius Chalcondyles Demetrius Chalcondyles Demetrius Chalcocondyles or Demetrios Chalcocondylis or Chalcocondylas or Chalcondyles , born in Athens, was one of the most eminent Greek scholars in the West....
1495-1498	Aristotle Aristotle Aristotle was a Greeks philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. He wrote on many subjects, including physics, metaphysics, Poetics , theater, music, logic, rhetoric, politics, government, ethics, biology and zoology....	Aldus Manutius Aldus Manutius Aldus Pius Manutius , the Latinized name of Teobaldo Mannucci, sometimes called Aldus Manutius, the Elder to distinguish him from his grandson, Aldus Manutius the Younger) was an Italian Renaissance humanism who became a printer and publisher when he founded the Aldine Press at Venice....
1496	Apollonius of Rhodes Apollonius of Rhodes Apollonius of Rhodes, also known as Apollonius Rhodius , early 3rd century BCE - after 246 BCE, was a librarian at the Library of Alexandria....	Florence Florence Florence is the Capital city of the Italy Regions of Italy of Tuscany and of the provinces of Italy Province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany and has a population of 364,779 .... Lorenzo de Alopa	Edition by Ianos Lascaris
	Lucian Lucian Lucian of Samosata was an Assyrian people rhetorician, and satire who wrote in the Greek language. He is noted for his witty and scoffing nature....	Florence
1497	Terentianus Terentianus Terentianus, surnamed Maurus , Latin grammarian and writer on prosody , flourished probably at the end of the 2nd century.His references to Septimius Serenus and Alfius Avitus, who belonged to the school of "new poets" of the reign of Hadrian and later, seem to show that he was a near contemporary of those writers....
1498	Aristophanes Aristophanes Aristophanes , son of Philippus, of the deme Cydathenaus, was a prolific and much acclaimed comedy playwright of ancient Athens. Eleven of his forty plays have come down to us virtually complete....	Aldine Press Aldine Press Aldine Press was the printing office started by Aldus Manutius in 1494 in Venice, from which were issued the celebrated Aldine editions of the classics of the time....	The texts of all comedies of Aristophanes Aristophanes Aristophanes , son of Philippus, of the deme Cydathenaus, was a prolific and much acclaimed comedy playwright of ancient Athens. Eleven of his forty plays have come down to us virtually complete.... and their scholia were edited by Marcos Musuros
1499	Alciphron Alciphron Alciphron was an ancient Greece Sophism, and the most eminent among the Greek Epistolography. Regarding his life or the age in which he lived we possess no direct information what?ever....
	Martianus Capella Martianus Capella Martianus Minneus Felix Capella was a paganism writer of Late Antiquity, the founder of the trivium and quadrivium categories that structured Early Medieval education....	Vicenza, F. Vitalis Bodianus

From 1501 to 1600

Date	Author, Work	Printer (or location)	Comment
1502	Sophocles Sophocles Sophocles was the second of the three classical Greece tragedy whose work has survived. His first plays were written later than those of Aeschylus and earlier than those of Euripides....
1503	Euripides Euripides Euripides was the last of the three great tragedy of classical Athens . Ancient scholars thought that Euripides had written ninety-five plays, although four of those were probably written by Critias....	Aldine Press Aldine Press Aldine Press was the printing office started by Aldus Manutius in 1494 in Venice, from which were issued the celebrated Aldine editions of the classics of the time....
1504	Quintus Smyrnaeus Quintus Smyrnaeus Quintus Smyrnaeus was a Greece Epic poetry poet whose Posthomerica, following "after Homer" continues the narration of the Trojan War.The dates of Smyrnaeus's life are controversial, but they are traditionally placed in the latter part of the fourth century....	Aldus Manutius Aldus Manutius Aldus Pius Manutius , the Latinized name of Teobaldo Mannucci, sometimes called Aldus Manutius, the Elder to distinguish him from his grandson, Aldus Manutius the Younger) was an Italian Renaissance humanism who became a printer and publisher when he founded the Aldine Press at Venice....
1513	Lysias Lysias Lysias was an Attic orators....	Aldus Manutius Aldus Manutius Aldus Pius Manutius , the Latinized name of Teobaldo Mannucci, sometimes called Aldus Manutius, the Elder to distinguish him from his grandson, Aldus Manutius the Younger) was an Italian Renaissance humanism who became a printer and publisher when he founded the Aldine Press at Venice....
1513	Lycophron Lycophron Lycophron was a Greece poet and grammarian .He was born at Chalcis in Euboea, and flourished at Alexandria in the time of Ptolemy Philadelphus ....	Aldus Manutius Aldus Manutius Aldus Pius Manutius , the Latinized name of Teobaldo Mannucci, sometimes called Aldus Manutius, the Elder to distinguish him from his grandson, Aldus Manutius the Younger) was an Italian Renaissance humanism who became a printer and publisher when he founded the Aldine Press at Venice....
1513	Plato Plato Plato , was a Classical Greece Greeks philosopher, mathematician, writer of philosophical dialogues, and founder of the Platonic Academy in Ancient Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the western world....	Venice, Aldine Press Aldine Press Aldine Press was the printing office started by Aldus Manutius in 1494 in Venice, from which were issued the celebrated Aldine editions of the classics of the time....	Edited by Marcos Musuros with in the preface the ?d? e?? ???t??a, a reinassance elegiacal poem to the philosopher written by Musuros himself.
1515	Jordanes Jordanes Jordanes , was a 6th century Roman bureaucrat , who turned his hand to history later in life.Though he also wrote Romana , a book about the history of Rome, his most known work is his Getica, written in Constantinople about AD 551 .... , Romana Romana (Jordanes) The *Romana* is a Roman literature book written by Jordanes in the 6th century, being a short compendium of the most remarkable events from the creation down to the victory obtained by Narses, in AD 552, over king Teia....	Konrad Peutinger Konrad Peutinger Conrad Peutinger was a Germany Humanism diplomat, politician, and economist, who was educated at Bologna and Padua. Known as a notorious antiquarian, he collected, with the help of Marcus Welser and his wife Margareta Welser, one of the largest private libraries north of the Alps....
1516	New Testament New Testament The New Testament is the name given to the second major division of the Christianity Bible, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament.... (Greek)	Desiderius Erasmus Desiderius Erasmus Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus was a Netherlands Renaissance humanist and Roman Catholic Church Christian theology. His scholarly name Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus comprises the following three elements: the Latin noun desiderium ; the Greek adjective ???s???? meaning "desired", and, in the form Erasmus, also the name of a St.... , Basel Basel Basel is Switzerland's third most populous city . With 731,000 inhabitants in the tri-national metropolitan area , Basel is Switzerland's third-largest urban area....	2nd ed. 1519, 3rd ed. 1522, see Textus Receptus Textus Receptus Textus Receptus is the name subsequently given to the succession of printed Greek language texts of the New Testament which constituted the translation base for the original German Luther Bible, for the translation of the New Testament into English by William Tyndale, the King James Version, and for most other Reformation-era New Testament t... .
1518	Aeschylus Aeschylus Aeschylus was an Ancient Greece playwright. He is often recognized as the father or the founder of tragedy, and is the earliest of the three Greek tragedy whose Play survive extant, the others being Sophocles and Euripides....	Aldine Press Aldine Press Aldine Press was the printing office started by Aldus Manutius in 1494 in Venice, from which were issued the celebrated Aldine editions of the classics of the time....
1520	Marcus Velleius Paterculus Marcus Velleius Paterculus Marcus Velleius Paterculus was a Roman Empire historian, also known simply as Velleius. Although his praenomen is given as Marcus by Priscian, some modern scholars identify him with Gaius Velleius Paterculus, whose name occurs in an inscription on a north African milestone ....	Beatus Rhenanus Beatus Rhenanus Beatus Rhenanus , was an Alsatian humanism, religious reformer, and classical scholar.Rhenanus was born in S?lestat in Alsace. His father, Bild, was a prosperous butcher from Rheinau , who was able to provide his son with an excellent education....
1520	Rutilius Claudius Namatianus Rutilius Claudius Namatianus Rutilius Claudius Namatianus was a ancient Rome poet, notable as the author of a Latin poem, De Reditu Suo, in elegiac metre, describing a coastal voyage from Rome to Gaul in 416....	J. B. Pius
1520	Septuagint Septuagint The Septuagint , or simply "LXX", is the Koine Greek version of the Hebrew Bible, translated in stages between the 3rd century BC and 1st century BC in Alexandria....		Complutensian Polyglot Bible Complutensian Polyglot Bible The Complutensian Polyglot Bible is the name given to the first printed Polyglot of the entire Bible, initiated and financed by Cardinal Francisco Jim?nez de Cisneros ....
1520-3	Talmud Talmud The Talmud is a record of rabbinic discussions pertaining to Halakha, Jewish ethics, customs, and history. It is a central text of mainstream Judaism....	Daniel Bomberg Daniel Bomberg Daniel Bomberg was an early printer of Hebrew language books. Christian, born in Antwerp, he was primarily active in Venice between 1516 and 1549.... , Venice Venice Venice is a city in northern Italy, the capital city of the Italian regions Veneto, a population of 271,251 . Together with Padua, Italy, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area ....
1524–25	Bible Bible The Bible is the central religious text of Judaism and Christianity. The exact Books of the Bible is dependent on the religious traditions of specific denominations.... (Hebrew)	Daniel Bomberg Daniel Bomberg Daniel Bomberg was an early printer of Hebrew language books. Christian, born in Antwerp, he was primarily active in Venice between 1516 and 1549.... , Venice Venice Venice is a city in northern Italy, the capital city of the Italian regions Veneto, a population of 271,251 . Together with Padua, Italy, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area ....	Edition included masoretic notes, Aramaic targum Targum A targum is an Aramaic language translation of the Hebrew Bible written or compiled from the Second Temple period until the early Middle Ages .... s and Rashi Rashi Rabbi Shlomo Yitzhaki, , better known by the acronym Rashi , , was a rabbi from France, famed as the author of the first comprehensive commentary on the Talmud, and Jewish commentaries on the Bible.... 's commentary, see Mikraot Gedolot Mikraot Gedolot Mikraot Gedolot , often called the "Rabbinic literature Bible" in English, is anedition of Tanakh that generally includes four distinct elements:... .
1525	Galen Galen Aelius Galenus or Claudius Galenus , better known as Galen of Pergamum , was a prominent Ancient Rome physician and philosopher of Greek origin, and probably the most accomplished medical researcher of the Roman period....	Venice, Aldine Aldine Aldine may refer to:Aldine, Houston, Texas, a former town in Harris County, Texas, United StatesAldine Independent School District, a school district in Houston, Texas, United States...
1526	Irenaeus Irenaeus Saint Irenaeus , was a Catholic Bishop of Lugdunum in Gaul, then a part of the Roman Empire . He was an early church father and apologist, and his writings were formative in the early development of Christian theology....	Erasmus, Basel
1527	Philo Philo Philo , known also as Philo of Alexandria , Philo Judaeus, Philo Judaeus of Alexandria, Yedidia and Philo the Jew, was a Hellenistic Judaism philosopher born in Alexandria, Egypt.... (Latin)	Sichardus	first part published by Iustianus (1520)
1533	Diogenes Laertius Diogenes Laertius Diogenes La?rtius , the biographer of the Greece philosophers, is supposed by some to have received his surname from the town of Laerte in Cilicia, Asia Minor, and by others from the Roman Empire family of the La?rtii....	Basel, Froben	Complete Greek text
	Euclid Euclid Euclid , floruit 300 BC, also known as Euclid of Alexandria, was a Greek mathematics and is often referred to as the Father of Geometry. He was active in Alexandria during the reign of Ptolemy I .... , Elements Euclid's Elements Euclid's Elements is a mathematics and geometry treatise consisting of 13 books written by the Greek mathematics Euclid in Alexandria circa 300 BC....	Simon Grynäus
1544	Sozomen Sozomen Salminius Hermias Sozomenus was a historian of the Christianity church....	Robert Estienne Robert Estienne Robert I Estienne , also known as Robert Stephens , was a 16th century printer in Paris. He was a former Roman Catholic who became an Evangelical late in his life and the first to print the Bible divided into standard numbered verses....
1544	Josephus Josephus Josephus , also known as Yosef Ben Matityahu and, after he became a Roman citizenship, as Titus Flavius Josephus, was a first-century Jewish historian and apologist of priestly and royal ancestry who survived and recorded the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70....	Hieronymus Froben Hieronymus Froben Hieronymus Froben was a famous pioneering printer in Basel and the eldest son of Johann Froben. He was educated at the University of Basel and traveled widely in Europe....	Edited by Arnoldus Arlenius Arnoldus Arlenius Arnoldus Arlenius Peraxylus, , born Arndt or Arnout van Eyndhouts or van Eynthouts, also known as Arnoud de Lens, was a Dutch people Renaissance humanism philosopher and poet.... ; first Greek edition
1549	Optatus of Milevis	Johannes Cochlaeus, F. Behem	Mainz; 7th book printed 1569
1551	Appian Appian Appianus , of Alexandria was a Ancient Rome historian who flourished during the reigns of Trajan, Hadrian and Antoninus Pius. He is commonly referred to by the anglicised form of his name, Appian.... (Greek)
1552	Philo Philo Philo , known also as Philo of Alexandria , Philo Judaeus, Philo Judaeus of Alexandria, Yedidia and Philo the Jew, was a Hellenistic Judaism philosopher born in Alexandria, Egypt.... (Greek)	Turnebus	for works only extant in Latin mss see 1527, works only in Armenian Aucher (1822–26)
1553	Synesius Synesius Synesius , a Greeks bishop of Ptolemais in the Ancient Libyan Pentapolis after 410, was born of wealthy parents, who claimed descent from Spartan kings, at Cyrene, Libya between 370 and 375....	Adrianus Turnebus Adrianus Turnebus Adrianus Turnebus was a France classical scholar....
1558	Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus was Roman Emperor from 161 to his death in 180. He was the last of the "Five Good Emperors", and is also considered one of the most important stoicism philosophy.... , Meditations Meditations *Meditations* is the title of a series of personal writings by Marcus Aurelius setting forth his ideas on Stoic philosophy.Marcus Aurelius wrote the 12 books of the Meditations in "highly-educated" Koine Greek as a source for his own guidance and self-improvement....	Xylander Xylander Xylander may refer to:* Emil von Xylander , Bavarian general* Guilielmus Xylander , German classical scholar* Joseph von Xylander , Bavarian general...
1562	Sextus Empiricus Sextus Empiricus Sextus Empiricus , was a physician and philosopher, and has been variously reported to have lived in Alexandria, Rome, or Athens. His philosophical work is the most complete surviving account of ancient Greek and Roman skepticism....	Geneva	Latin translation of Sextus's "Outlines", published by Henricus Stephanus, followed by a complete Latin Sextus with Gentian Hervet as translator in 1569. Petrus and Jacobus Chouet published the Greek text for the first time in 1621.
	Sefer Yetzirah Sefer Yetzirah Sefer Yetzirah is the title of the earliest extant book on Jewish esotericism.The Sefer Yetzirah is devoted to speculations concerning God's creation of the world....
1569	Nonnus Nonnus Nonnus , was a Greek language epic poet. He was a native of Panopolis in the Egyptian Thebaid, and probably lived at the end of the 4th or early 5th century....
1572	Plutarch Plutarch Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus , c. AD 46 ? 120 ? commonly known in English as Plutarch ? was a Ancient Rome historian , biographer, essayist, and Middle Platonism....	Henri Estienne
1575	Diophantus Diophantus Diophantus of Alexandria , sometimes called "the father of algebra", a title some claim should be shared by a Persian mathematician al-Khwarizmi, born some 500 years after Diophantus....	Xylander Xylander Xylander may refer to:* Emil von Xylander , Bavarian general* Guilielmus Xylander , German classical scholar* Joseph von Xylander , Bavarian general...
1583	Martyrologium romanum
1598	Longus Longus Longus, sometimes Longos , was a Greece novelist and romance r, and author of Daphnis and Chloe. Very little is known of his life, and it is assumed that he lived on the isle of Lesbos during the 2nd century AD...

From 1601

Date	Author, Work	Printer (or location)	Comment
1615	Laonicus Chalcondyles Laonicus Chalcondyles Laonicus Chalcondyles was a Byzantine Greeks scholar from Athens. The name is probably an anagram of Nicolaos.He was a Byzantine historian, son of Georgios and cousin of Demetrios Chalcocondylas....	J. B. Baumbach
1644	Anglo-Saxon Chronicle Anglo-Saxon Chronicle The *Anglo-Saxon Chronicle* is a collection of annals in Old English language chronicling the history of the Anglo-Saxons. The annals were created late in the 9th century, probably in Wessex, during the reign of Alfred the Great....	Abraham Wheelocke Abraham Wheelocke Abraham Wheelocke was an English linguist. He was the first Adams Professor of Arabic at the University of Cambridge, from around 1632. According to Robert Graham Irwin he regarded it as part of his academic duty to discourage students from taking up the subject....
1655	Theophanes the Confessor Theophanes the Confessor Saint Theophanes Confessor was a member of the Byzantine Empire aristocracy, who became a monk and chronicler. He is venerated on March 12 in the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church ....	J. Goar
1661	Hippolytus, Antichrist	Marquard Gude Marquard Gude Marquard Gude , was a Germany archaeologist and classical scholar, most famous for his collection of Greek and Latin inscriptions.He was born at Rendsburg in Holstein, Germany....
1733	Genesius Genesius Genesius may refer to:Any of several Saint GenesiusJoseph Genesius, tenth-century Byzantine historian*Genesius Theatre in Reading, Pennsylvania...	Stephan Bergler Stephan Bergler Stephan Bergler was a Transylvanian Saxons Classics and antiquarian....
1750	Chariton Chariton Chariton of Aphrodisias was the author of an ancient Greek language novel entitled Chaereas and Callirhoe. Recent evidence of fragments of the text on Papyrus suggests that the novel may have been written in the mid 1st century AD, making it the oldest surviving complete ancient Romance and the only one to make use of apparent historio...	Pierre Mortier
1841	Francesco di Giorgio Martini, Trattato di Architectura	Carlo Promis Carlo Promis Carlo Promis was an Italian architect and architectural historian and a proponent of Eclecticism.Promis earned his degree in architecture at Turin in 1828 and subsequently worked in Rome alongside leaders in the field of ancient architectural history, including Carlo Fea, Luigi Canina, and Antonio Nibby....	Promis, however, published only six of the seven books. The last book which deals with all kinds of mechanical devices was omitted and subsequently escaped the notice of historians of technology for the next hundred years.
1849-1875	Rigveda Rigveda The *Rigveda* is an ancient Indian subcontinent sacred collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns dedicated to the Rigvedic deities . It is counted among the four canonical sacred texts of Hinduism known as the Vedas....	Max Müller Max Müller Friedrich Max M?ller , more commonly known as Max M?ller, was a German Confederation philologist and Orientalist, one of the founders of the western academic field of Indology and the discipline of comparative religion....
1850	Hypereides Hypereides Hypereides was a logographer in Ancient Greece. He was one of the ten Attic orators included in the Alexandrian Canon compiled by Aristophanes of Byzantium and Aristarchus of Samothrace in the third century Before Christ....	Churchill Babington Churchill Babington Churchill Babington was an England classics and archaeology, born at Rothley Temple, in Leicestershire.He was first educated by his father, Matthew Drake Babington, and then studied under Charles Wycliffe Goodwin, the orientalism and archaeology, entering St John's College, Cambridge in 1839 and graduating in 1843, seventh in the first cla...
1897	Bacchylides Bacchylides Bacchylides was an Ancient Greek Lyric poetry poet. Later Greeks included him in the canonical list of nine lyric poets which included his uncle Simonides....	F. G. Kenyon

Editio princeps

List to 1500 (incunabula, incomplete)

From 1501 to 1600

From 1601

See also