Earl Cadogan
Encyclopedia
Earl Cadogan is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of Great Britain
Peerage of Great Britain
The Peerage of Great Britain comprises all extant peerages created in the Kingdom of Great Britain after the Act of Union 1707 but before the Act of Union 1800...

. The Cadogan family descends from Major William Cadogan
Major William Cadogan
Major William Cadogan , of Liscarton, County Meath, was born at Dunster, Somerset, to Henry Cadogan of Llanbetter, Pembrokeshire. His great-grandfather, Thomas Cadogan, of Dunster, claimed descent from the ancient princes of Wales...

, a cavalry officer in Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell was an English military and political leader who overthrew the English monarchy and temporarily turned England into a republican Commonwealth, and served as Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland....

's army. His son Henry Cadogan
Henry Cadogan
Henry Cadogan of Liscarton was the son of Major William Cadogan and father of William Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan and Charles Cadogan, 2nd Baron Cadogan ....

 was a barrister in Dublin. His eldest son William Cadogan
William Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan
William Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan KT PC was a noted military officer in the army of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough during the War of the Spanish Succession...

 was a noted soldier, politician and diplomat. He was a General in the Army and fought in the War of the Spanish Succession
War of the Spanish Succession
The War of the Spanish Succession was fought among several European powers, including a divided Spain, over the possible unification of the Kingdoms of Spain and France under one Bourbon monarch. As France and Spain were among the most powerful states of Europe, such a unification would have...

 and also served as Ambassador to the Netherlands and as Master-General of the Ordnance
Master-General of the Ordnance
The Master-General of the Ordnance was a very senior British military position before 1855, when the Board of Ordnance was abolished.-Responsibilities:...

. In 1716 he was raised to the Peerage of Great Britain as Baron Cadogan, of Reading in the County of Berkshire, with normal remainder to the heirs male of his body. In 1718 he was further honoured when he was made Baron Cadogan, of Oakley in the County of Buckingham, with remainder, failing heirs male of his own, to his younger brother Charles Cadogan and the heirs male of his body, and Viscount Caversham, in the County of Oxford, and Earl Cadogan, in the County of Denbigh, with remainder to the heirs male of his body. These titles were also in the Peerage of Great Britain.

Lord Cadogan had two daughters but no sons and on his death in 1726 the barony of 1716, the viscountcy and earldom became extinct. However, he was succeeded in the barony of 1718 according to the special remainder by his brother Charles, the second Baron. He was a General of the Horse and also represented Reading
Reading (UK Parliament constituency)
Reading was a parliamentary borough, and later a borough constituency, represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It comprised the town of Reading in the county of Berkshire....

 and Newport, Isle of Wight
Newport (Isle of Wight) (UK Parliament constituency)
Newport was a parliamentary borough located in Newport , which was abolished in for the 1885 general election. It was occasionally referred to by the alternative name of Medina....

, in the House of Commons
British House of Commons
The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords . Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members , who are known as Members...

. Cadogan married Elizabeth, second daughter and heiress of the prominent physician and collector Sir Hans Sloane. Through this marriage the Sloane estates in central London came into the Cadogan family, and these have been the basis of the family wealth ever since.

His son, the third Baron, sat as Member of Parliament
Member of Parliament
A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...

 for Cambridge
Cambridge (UK Parliament constituency)
Cambridge is a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first-past-the-post voting system....

 and served as Master of the Mint
Master of the Mint
Master of the Mint was an important office in the governments of Scotland and England, and later Great Britain, between the 16th and 19th centuries. The Master was the highest officer in the Royal Mint. Until 1699, appointment was usually for life. Its holder occasionally sat in the cabinet...

. In 1800 the earldom of Cadogan held by his uncle was revived when he was created Viscount Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex, and Earl Cadogan. These titles were in the Peerage of Great Britain. His youngest son, the third Earl (who succeeded his half-brother in 1832), was an Admiral
Admiral
Admiral is the rank, or part of the name of the ranks, of the highest naval officers. It is usually considered a full admiral and above vice admiral and below admiral of the fleet . It is usually abbreviated to "Adm" or "ADM"...

 in the Royal Navy
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...

. In 1831, one year before he succeeded in the earldom, he was raised to the Peerage of the United Kingdom
Peerage of the United Kingdom
The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801, when it replaced the Peerage of Great Britain...

 in his own right as Baron Oakley, of Caversham in the County of Oxford. He was succeeded by his eldest son, the fourth Earl. He was a Conservative
Conservative Party (UK)
The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...

 politician and served under the Earl of Derby
Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby
Edward George Geoffrey Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, KG, PC was an English statesman, three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, and to date the longest serving leader of the Conservative Party. He was known before 1834 as Edward Stanley, and from 1834 to 1851 as Lord Stanley...

 and Benjamin Disraeli as Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard
Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard
The Captain of the Queen's Bodyguard of the Yeomen of the Guard is a UK government post usually held by the Government Deputy Chief Whip in the House of Lords...

 from 1866 to 1868.

His eldest son, the fifth Earl, was also a noted Conservative politician. He held office under Disraeli and later Lord Salisbury
Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury
Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, KG, GCVO, PC , styled Lord Robert Cecil before 1865 and Viscount Cranborne from June 1865 until April 1868, was a British Conservative statesman and thrice Prime Minister, serving for a total of over 13 years...

 as Under-Secretary of State for War
Under-Secretary of State for War
The position of Under-Secretary of State for War was a British government position, first applied to Evan Nepean . In 1801 the offices for War and the Colonies were merged and the post became that of Under-Secretary of State for War and the Colonies...

, Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies
Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies
The Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies was a junior Ministerial post in the United Kingdom government, subordinate to the Secretary of State for the Colonies and, from 1948, also to a Minister of State....

, Lord Privy Seal
Lord Privy Seal
The Lord Privy Seal is the fifth of the Great Officers of State in the United Kingdom, ranking beneath the Lord President of the Council and above the Lord Great Chamberlain. The office is one of the traditional sinecure offices of state...

 and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland was the British King's representative and head of the Irish executive during the Lordship of Ireland , the Kingdom of Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland...

 (with a seat in the cabinet). His second son Henry Cadogan, Viscount Chelsea
Henry Cadogan, Viscount Chelsea
Henry Arthur Cadogan, Viscount Chelsea, DL was a British Conservative politician.Lord Chelsea was the second son of the 5th Earl Cadogan and his first wife, Beatrix, a daughter of the 2nd Earl of Craven. On 30 April 1892, he married Hon...

, heir apparent to the earldom from 1878 to 1908, represented Bury St Edmunds
Bury St Edmunds (UK Parliament constituency)
Bury St Edmunds is a county constituency located in Suffolk and centred on the town of Bury St Edmunds. It elects one Member of Parliament to in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom...

 in Parliament as a Conservative, but died in 1908, seven years before his father. His only son Edward, Viscount Chelsea, died in 1910 at the age of seven. Lord Cadogan was therefore succeeded by his third but eldest surviving son, the sixth Earl. As of 2007 the titles are held by the latter's grandson, the eighth Earl, who succeeded his father in 1997.

Several other members of the Cadogan family have gained distinction. Lady Sarah Cadogan
Sarah Lennox, Duchess of Richmond
Sarah Lennox , was born Sarah Cadogan as the eldest daughter of William Cadogan and his wife Margaret Cecilia Munter...

, daughter of the first Earl of the first creation, married Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond
Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond
The 2nd Duke of Richmond has been described as early cricket's greatest patron. Although he had played cricket as a boy, his real involvement began after he succeeded to the dukedom...

, and was the mother of the famous Lennox sisters (and also the grandmother of Charles James Fox
Charles James Fox
Charles James Fox PC , styled The Honourable from 1762, was a prominent British Whig statesman whose parliamentary career spanned thirty-eight years of the late 18th and early 19th centuries and who was particularly noted for being the arch-rival of William Pitt the Younger...

). The Hon. Sir George Cadogan, second son of the third Earl, was a General in the Army. The Hon. Frederick William Cadogan
Frederick William Cadogan
Frederick William Cadogan DL, JP , styled The Honourable from 1831, was a British barrister and Liberal politician....

, third son of the third Earl, represented Cricklade
Cricklade (UK Parliament constituency)
Cricklade was a parliamentary constituency named after the town of Cricklade in Wiltshire.From 1295 until 1885, Cricklade was a parliamentary borough, returning two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, previously to the House of Commons of...

 in the House of Commons. The Hon. Sir Edward Cadogan
Edward Cadogan
Sir Edward Cecil George Cadogan, KBE, CB was a British, Conservative politician.Cadogan was a younger son of the 5th Earl Cadogan and his wife, Beatrix, a daughter of the 2nd Earl Craven...

, seventh son of the fifth Earl, was a Conservative Member of Parliament. The Hon. Sir Alexander Cadogan, eighth and youngest son of the fifth Earl, was Permanent Under-Secretary for Foreign Affairs
Permanent Under-Secretary at the Foreign Office
This is a list of Permanent Under-Secretaries in the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office since 1790.Not to be confused with Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs...

 between 1938 and 1946.

The Earls Cadogan are very wealthy landowners, owning much of Chelsea in London, and second only to the Dukes of Westminster as London's richest landlords.

The family surname is pronounced "Caduggan". The family motto is "He who envies is the lesser man"

Barons Cadogan (1718)

  • William Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan
    William Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan
    William Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan KT PC was a noted military officer in the army of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough during the War of the Spanish Succession...

     (1672–1726)
  • Charles Cadogan, 2nd Baron Cadogan
    Charles Cadogan, 2nd Baron Cadogan
    General Charles Cadogan, 2nd Baron Cadogan was a British peer, soldier and Whig politician.Charles Cadogan was the younger son of Henry Cadogan and his wife, Bridget, the second daughter of Sir Hardress Waller...

     (1685–1776)
  • Charles Sloane Cadogan, 3rd Baron Cadogan (1728–1807) (created Earl Cadogan in 1800)

Earls Cadogan, Second Creation (1800)

  • Charles Sloane Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan (1728–1807)
  • Charles Henry Sloane Cadogan, 2nd Earl Cadogan (1749–1832)
  • George Cadogan, 3rd Earl Cadogan
    George Cadogan, 3rd Earl Cadogan
    Admiral George Cadogan, 3rd Earl Cadogan KMT, CB was a prominent British Royal Navy officer and politician of the mid-nineteenth century who first gained notoriety for his service in the Adriatic campaign of the Napoleonic Wars in command of...

     (1783–1864)
  • Henry Charles Cadogan, 4th Earl Cadogan (1812–1873)
  • George Henry Cadogan, 5th Earl Cadogan (1840–1915)
    • Albert Edward George Henry Cadogan, Viscount Chelsea (1866–1878)
    • Henry Arthur Cadogan, Viscount Chelsea
      Henry Cadogan, Viscount Chelsea
      Henry Arthur Cadogan, Viscount Chelsea, DL was a British Conservative politician.Lord Chelsea was the second son of the 5th Earl Cadogan and his first wife, Beatrix, a daughter of the 2nd Earl of Craven. On 30 April 1892, he married Hon...

       (1868–1908)
      • Edward George John Humphrey Cadogan, Viscount Chelsea (1903–1910)
  • Gerald Oakley Cadogan, 6th Earl Cadogan (1869–1933)
  • William Gerald Charles Cadogan, 7th Earl Cadogan (1914–1997)
  • Charles Gerald John Cadogan, 8th Earl Cadogan
    Charles Cadogan, 8th Earl Cadogan
    Charles Gerald John Cadogan, 8th Earl Cadogan is a British peer and landowner.He was born the son of William Gerald Charles Cadogan, 7th Earl Cadogan and known as Viscount Chelsea before inheriting the title of Earl Cadogan on the death of his father on 4 July 1997. He was educated at Eton College...

     (b. 1937)


The heir apparent
Heir apparent
An heir apparent or heiress apparent is a person who is first in line of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting, except by a change in the rules of succession....

is the present holder's eldest son Edward Charles Cadogan, Viscount Chelsea (b. 1966).

Lord Chelsea's heir apparent is his eldest son the Hon. George Edward Charles Diether Cadogan (b. 1995).
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