ETA political-military
Encyclopedia
ETA political-military (Spanish
Spanish language
Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...

: ETA político-militar, Basque
Basque language
Basque is the ancestral language of the Basque people, who inhabit the Basque Country, a region spanning an area in northeastern Spain and southwestern France. It is spoken by 25.7% of Basques in all territories...

: ETA politiko-militarra) or ETA (pm) was a faction (actually the majority) of the Basque revolutionary armed organization ETA
ETA
ETA , an acronym for Euskadi Ta Askatasuna is an armed Basque nationalist and separatist organization. The group was founded in 1959 and has since evolved from a group promoting traditional Basque culture to a paramilitary group with the goal of gaining independence for the Greater Basque Country...

, who during Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...

's transition to democracy proposed initially a double political and military type of work, by contrast to ETA militarra or ETA(m), who initially wanted to keep the struggle only in the military plane.

In the late 1970s, ETA(pm) divided into two groups, with the bulk of the militants siding with the so-called Berezis (the Special Cells). The Berezis merged shortly after with ETA(m), following that the resulting organization became the main branch of ETA and was called from then on ETA(m). Those who stuck to the positions of ETA(pm)'s leading team defended the submission of ETA's violent actions to their political party EIA's needs (founding party of Euskadiko Ezkerra), often economical urges. However, Spanish officials hard pressed on the newly formed party to immediately stop ETA(pm)'s actions or to face up to the consequences.

In the early 80s, the VII Assembly was held, which sought a way out of armed struggle. ETA(pm) - VII Assembly, through the mediation of a related political party
Political party
A political party is a political organization that typically seeks to influence government policy, usually by nominating their own candidates and trying to seat them in political office. Parties participate in electoral campaigns, educational outreach or protest actions...

 Euskadiko Ezkerra
Euskadiko Ezkerra
Euskadiko Ezkerra or EE was a Basque socialist political organisation. It was founded as a coalition of Euskal Iraultzarako Alderdia and other Basque Marxist forces in 1977 to present lists for the Spanish general elections in the constituencies of Vizcaya,...

 (Basque Country's Left), accepted a policy of individual pardons to all members who publicly renounced violence. Many of its former members integrated into Euskadiko Ezkerra, which later fused with the Partido Socialista de Euskadi (PSE), the Basque
Basque Country (autonomous community)
The Basque Country is an autonomous community of northern Spain. It includes the Basque provinces of Álava, Biscay and Gipuzkoa, also called Historical Territories....

 affiliate of the national Spanish Socialist Workers' Party
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party
The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party is a social-democratic political party in Spain. Its political position is Centre-left. The PSOE is the former ruling party of Spain, until beaten in the elections of November 2011 and the second oldest, exceeded only by the Partido Carlista, founded in...

. A small group refused to join the VII Assembly and kept the armed activity under the name ETA - VIII Assembly, soon to merge with ETA(m) in 1983.

See ETA
ETA
ETA , an acronym for Euskadi Ta Askatasuna is an armed Basque nationalist and separatist organization. The group was founded in 1959 and has since evolved from a group promoting traditional Basque culture to a paramilitary group with the goal of gaining independence for the Greater Basque Country...

 for more extensive discussion of ETA (pm) and the parallel ETA (m).
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