Duke of Atholl
Encyclopedia
Duke of Atholl, alternatively Duke of Athole, named after Atholl
Atholl
Atholl or Athole is a large historical division in the Scottish Highlands. Today it forms the northern part of Perth and Kinross, Scotland bordering Marr, Badenoch, Breadalbane, Strathearn, Perth and Lochaber....

 in Scotland
Scotland
Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...

, is a title in the Peerage of Scotland
Peerage of Scotland
The Peerage of Scotland is the division of the British Peerage for those peers created in the Kingdom of Scotland before 1707. With that year's Act of Union, the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England were combined into the Kingdom of Great Britain, and a new Peerage of Great Britain was...

 held by the head of Clan Murray
Clan Murray
Clan Murray is a Highland Scottish clan. The Murrays were a great and powerful clan whose lands and cadet houses were scattered throughout Scotland.- Origins of the Clan :...

. It was created by Queen Anne in 1703 for John Murray, 2nd Marquess of Atholl
John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl
John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl, KT, PC was a Scottish nobleman, politician, and soldier. He served in numerous positions during his life, and fought in the Glorious Revolution for William III and Mary II....

, with a special remainder failing his heirs male to those of his father, the 1st Marquess.

As of 2010 there are twelve subsidiary titles attached to the dukedom: Lord Murray of Tullibardine (1604), Lord Murray, Gask and Balquhidder (1628), Lord Murray, Balvany and Gask (1676), Lord Murray, Balvenie and Gask, in the County of Perth (1703), Viscount of Balquhidder (1676), Viscount of Balwhidder, Glenalmond and Glenlyon, in the County of Perth (1703), Earl of Atholl (1629), Earl of Tullibardine (1628), Earl of Tullibardine (1676), Earl of Strathtay and Strathardle, in the County of Perth (1703), Marquess of Atholl (1676) and Marquess of Tullibardine, in the County of Perth (1703). These titles are also in the Peerage of Great Britain. The dukes have also previously held the following titles: Baron Strange
Baron Strange
Baron Strange is a title that has been created several times in the Peerage of England. Two creations, one in 1295 and another in 1325, had only one holder each, upon the death of whom they became extinct. Two of the creations are still extant, however...

 (Peerage of England
Peerage of England
The Peerage of England comprises all peerages created in the Kingdom of England before the Act of Union in 1707. In that year, the Peerages of England and Scotland were replaced by one Peerage of Great Britain....

 1628) between 1736 and 1764 and 1805 and 1957; Baron Murray, of Stanley in the County of Gloucester, and Earl Strange (Peerage of Great Britain
Peerage of Great Britain
The Peerage of Great Britain comprises all extant peerages created in the Kingdom of Great Britain after the Act of Union 1707 but before the Act of Union 1800...

 1786) between 1786 and 1957, Baron Glenlyon, of Glenlyon in the County of Perth (Peerage of the United Kingdom
Peerage of the United Kingdom
The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801, when it replaced the Peerage of Great Britain...

 1821) between 1846 and 1957 and Baron Percy
Baron Percy
The title Baron Percy has been created several times in the Peerage of England. The first, in 1066 a Feudal Barony rather than a peerage, became extinct in 1299. The second, in 1299, became extinct in 1517. The third, in 1557, became extinct in 1670. The present creation was in 1722, by writ of...

 (Peerage of Great Britain 1722) between 1865 and 1957. From 1786 to 1957 the Dukes of Atholl sat in the House of Lords
House of Lords
The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster....

 as Earl Strange.

The Duke's eldest son and heir apparent
Heir apparent
An heir apparent or heiress apparent is a person who is first in line of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting, except by a change in the rules of succession....

 uses the courtesy title
Courtesy title
A courtesy title is a form of address in systems of nobility used for children, former wives and other close relatives of a peer. These styles are used 'by courtesy' in the sense that the relatives do not themselves hold substantive titles...

 Marquess of Tullibardine. The heir apparent to Lord Tullibardine uses the courtesy title Earl of Strathtay and Strathardle (usually shortened to Earl of Strathtay). Lord Strathtay's heir apparent uses the courtesy title Viscount Balquhidder. The Duke of Atholl is the hereditary Clan Chief
Scottish clan chief
The Scottish Gaelic word clann means children. In early times, and possibly even today, clan members believed themselves to descend from a common ancestor, the founder of the Scottish clan. From its perceived founder a clan takes its name. The clan chief is the representative of this founder, and...

 of Clan Murray
Clan Murray
Clan Murray is a Highland Scottish clan. The Murrays were a great and powerful clan whose lands and cadet houses were scattered throughout Scotland.- Origins of the Clan :...

.

The Dukes of Atholl, as massive landowners, were initiators of and primary participants in, the Highland Clearances, the eviction and forced removal of families from their homes, to be replaced by sheep.

Family history

The Dukes of Atholl belong to an ancient Scottish family. Sir William Murray of Castleton married Lady Margaret, daughter of John Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl
John Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl
John Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl , also known as Sir John Stewart of Balveny, was a Scottish nobleman and ambassador to England .-Life:...

 (see Earl of Atholl
Earl of Atholl
The Mormaer of Earl of Atholl refers to a medieval comital lordship straddling the highland province of Atholl , now in northern Perthshire. Atholl is a special Mormaerdom, because a King of Atholl is reported from the Pictish period. The only other two Pictish kingdoms to be known from...

). Sir William was one of the many Scottish noblemen killed at the Battle of Flodden in 1513. His son Sir William Murray lived at Tullibardine in Perthshire
Perthshire
Perthshire, officially the County of Perth , is a registration county in central Scotland. It extends from Strathmore in the east, to the Pass of Drumochter in the north, Rannoch Moor and Ben Lui in the west, and Aberfoyle in the south...

. The latter's grandson, Sir John Murray, was created Lord Murray of Tullibardine in 1604 and Lord Murray, Gask and Balquhidder and Earl of Tullibardine in 1606. All three titles were in the Peerage of Scotland
Peerage of Scotland
The Peerage of Scotland is the division of the British Peerage for those peers created in the Kingdom of Scotland before 1707. With that year's Act of Union, the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England were combined into the Kingdom of Great Britain, and a new Peerage of Great Britain was...

. He was succeeded by his eldest son, William, the second Earl. He married as his second wife Lady Dorothea, daughter of John Stewart, 5th and last Earl of Atholl. Charles I
Charles I of England
Charles I was King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Charles engaged in a struggle for power with the Parliament of England, attempting to obtain royal revenue whilst Parliament sought to curb his Royal prerogative which Charles...

 agreed to revive the earldom of Atholl in favour of Lord Tullibardine's children by Lady Dorothea. Tullibardine consequently resigned his titles in favour of his younger brother, Patrick Murray, who was created Lord Murray of Gask and Earl of Tullibardine in 1628, with remainder to his heirs male whatsoever and presumably with the precedence of 1606. John Murray, son of the second Earl of Tullibardine by Lady Dorothea Stewart, was created Earl of Atholl in the Peerage of Scotland in 1629. He was succeeded by his son, the second Earl of Atholl. In 1670 he succeeded his cousin James Murray, 2nd Earl of Tullibardine, as third (or fifth) Earl of Tullibardine. In 1676 he was created Lord Murray, Balveny and Gask, Viscount of Balquhidder, Earl of Tullibardine and Marquess of Atholll, with remainder to the heirs male of his body. All titles were in the Peerage of Scotland. Lord Atholl married Lady Amelia Anne Sophia, daughter of James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby and 1st Baron Strange
James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby
James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby KG was a supporter of the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.Born at Knowsley, he is sometimes styled the Great Earl of Derby, eldest son of William Stanley, 6th Earl of Derby and Lady Elizabeth de Vere. During his father's life he was known as Lord Strange...

.

On his death the titles passed to his eldest son, the second Marquess. He had already been created Lord Murray, Viscount Glenalmond and Earl of Tullibardine for life in the peerage of Scotland in 1696. In 1703 he was made Lord Murray, Balvenie and Gask, in the County of Perth, Viscount of Balwhidder, Glenalmond and Glenlyon, in the County of Perth,Earl of Strathtay and Strathardle, in the County of Perth, Marquess of Tullibardine, in the County of Perth, and Duke of Atholl, with remainder failing heirs male of his own to the heirs male of his father. All five titles were in the Peerage of Scotland. His eldest surviving son and heir apparent, William Murray, Marquess of Tullibardine, took part in the Jacobite rising of 1715. He was charged with high treason and attainted by Act of Parliament. An Act of Parliament was also passed to remove him from the succession to his father's titles. Atholl was consequently succeeded by his third son, James, the second Duke. In 1736 he also succeeded his kinsman James Stanley, 10th Earl of Derby
James Stanley, 10th Earl of Derby
James Stanley, 10th Earl of Derby PC , styled The Honourable until 1702, was a British peer and politician.Derby was the second son of Charles Stanley, 8th Earl of Derby, and Dorothea Helena Kirkhoven...

 as 7th Baron Strange
Baron Strange
Baron Strange is a title that has been created several times in the Peerage of England. Two creations, one in 1295 and another in 1325, had only one holder each, upon the death of whom they became extinct. Two of the creations are still extant, however...

 and as Lord of Mann
Lord of Mann
The title Lord of Mann is used on the Isle of Man to refer to Queen Elizabeth II, who is the island's Lord Proprietor and head of state.-Relationship with the Crown:The title is not correctly used on its own...

. The Duke's two sons both died in infancy. His eldest daughter Lady Charlotte
Charlotte Murray, Duchess of Atholl
Charlotte Murray, Duchess of Atholl and 8th Baroness Strange was a Scottish peeress.Born Lady Charlotte Murray, she was the daughter of the 2nd Duke of Atholl. On 23 October 1753, she married her first cousin, John Murray at Dunkeld, Scotland...

 succeeded him in the barony of Strange and the lordship of Mann. Atholl died in 1764 and was succeeded in the dukedom and remaining titles by his nephew, John, the third Duke. He was the eldest son of Lord George Murray
Lord George Murray (general)
Lord George Murray was a Scottish Jacobite general, most noted for his 1745 campaign under Bonnie Prince Charlie into England...

, sixth son of the first Duke, who had been attainted for his participation in the Jacobite Rebellion of 1715. The same year he succeeded the House of Lords decided that he should be allowed to succeeded in the titles despite his father's attainder. He married his first cousin, the aforementioned Charlotte Murray, Baroness Strange. They sold their sovereignty over the Isle of Mann to the British Crown for £70,000.
The Duke and Duchess were both succeeded by their eldest son John, the fourth Duke. In 1786 he was created Baron Murray, of Stanley in the County of Gloucester, and Earl Strange in the Peerage of Great Britain
Peerage of Great Britain
The Peerage of Great Britain comprises all extant peerages created in the Kingdom of Great Britain after the Act of Union 1707 but before the Act of Union 1800...

. These titles gave him a seat in the House of Lords
House of Lords
The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster....

. Atholl sold his remaining properties and privileges in the Isle of Man to the British Crown for £409,000. He was succeeded on his death in 1829 by his eldest son, John, the fifth Duke. He had already in 1798 been declared to have been of an "unsound mind". The fifth Duke never married and was succeeded by his nephew, George Murray, 2nd Baron Glenlyon
George Murray, 6th Duke of Atholl
George Augustus Frederick John Murray, 6th Duke of Atholl KT, DL was a Scottish peer and freemason....

, who became the sixth Duke. He was the eldest son of Lord James Murray
James Murray, 1st Baron Glenlyon
Lieutenant-General James Murray, 1st Baron Glenlyon FRS KCH was a British Army officer, member of parliament and peer. Before being granted the title of Baron Glenlyon in 1821, he was known from birth as Lord James Murray.-Life:Murray was born in 1782 at Dunkeld, Perthshire, the son of John...

, second son of the fourth Duke, who had been created Baron Glenlyon, of Glenlyon in the County of Perth, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
Peerage of the United Kingdom
The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801, when it replaced the Peerage of Great Britain...

 in 1821. Lord Glenlyon married Lady Emily Frances, daughter of Hugh Percy, 2nd Duke of Northumberland
Hugh Percy, 2nd Duke of Northumberland
Lieutenant-General Hugh Percy, 2nd Duke of Northumberland, FRS was an officer in the British army and later a British peer...

 and 3rd Baron Percy
Baron Percy
The title Baron Percy has been created several times in the Peerage of England. The first, in 1066 a Feudal Barony rather than a peerage, became extinct in 1299. The second, in 1299, became extinct in 1517. The third, in 1557, became extinct in 1670. The present creation was in 1722, by writ of...

.

The sixth Duke was succeeded by his only child, John, the seventh Duke. In 1865 he succeeded as 6th Baron Percy through his grandmother, Lady Emily Frances Percy. The same year he registered the additional surname of Stewart at the Lyon Court. In 1893 he resumed the original spelling of the title, "Atholl" instead of "Athole". He was succeeded by his second but eldest surviving son, John, the eighth Duke. He died childless in 1942 and was succeeded by his youngest brother, James, the ninth Duke. He never married and on his death in 1957 the baronies of Murray and Glenlyon and earldom of Strange became extinct, the barony of Percy was passed on to his kinsman the 10th Duke of Northumberland
Hugh Percy, 10th Duke of Northumberland
Hugh Algernon Percy, 10th Duke of Northumberland KG, GCVO, KStJ, PC, TD, FRS was the son of Alan Percy, 8th Duke of Northumberland and Lady Helen Gordon-Lennox.-Career:...

 (see Baron Percy
Baron Percy
The title Baron Percy has been created several times in the Peerage of England. The first, in 1066 a Feudal Barony rather than a peerage, became extinct in 1299. The second, in 1299, became extinct in 1517. The third, in 1557, became extinct in 1670. The present creation was in 1722, by writ of...

), while the barony of Strange fell into abeyance
Abeyance
Abeyance is a state of expectancy in respect of property, titles or office, when the right to them is not vested in any one person, but awaits the appearance or determination of the true owner. In law, the term abeyance can only be applied to such future estates as have not yet vested or possibly...

 (see Baron Strange
Baron Strange
Baron Strange is a title that has been created several times in the Peerage of England. Two creations, one in 1295 and another in 1325, had only one holder each, upon the death of whom they became extinct. Two of the creations are still extant, however...

).

The dukedom and remaining titles were passed on to the late Duke's distant relative George Murray, the tenth Duke of Atholl. He was the grandson of Sir Evelyn Murray, son of Sir George Murray
George Murray (civil servant)
Sir George Herbert Murray GCB GCVO ISO PC was a British civil servant.Murray was born in Southfleet, Kent, England, the son of the village's rector. He was educated at Harrow School and Christ Church, Oxford. He entered the Foreign Office in 1873 and transferred to HM Treasury in 1880...

, grandson of the Right Reverend George Murray
George Murray (bishop of Rochester)
George Murray was a British churchman, Archdeacon of Man, Dean of Worcester, Bishop of Sodor and Man and Bishop of Rochester.-Background and education:...

, son of the Right Reverend Lord George Murray
Lord George Murray (bishop)
Lord George Murray was an Anglican cleric best remembered for his work developing Britain's first optical telegraph, which began relaying messages from London to Deal in 1796, a few years after Claude Chappe's system began operation in France...

, second son of the third Duke. As all the English titles had become extinct on the ninth Duke's death, the tenth Duke was not entitled to an automatic seat in the House of Lords
House of Lords
The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster....

, gaining the dubious honour of being the highest ranking peer without a seat in the upper chamber of parliament. However, already in 1958 Atholl was elected a Scottish Representative Peer
Representative peer
In the United Kingdom, representative peers were those peers elected by the members of the Peerage of Scotland and the Peerage of Ireland to sit in the British House of Lords...

 and was able to take a seat in the House of Lords. Through the Peerage Act 1963
Peerage Act 1963
The Peerage Act 1963 is the Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that permitted peeresses in their own right and all Scottish hereditary peers to sit in the House of Lords, and which allows newly inherited hereditary peerages to be "disclaimed".-Background:The Act resulted largely from the...

 all hereditary Scottish peers gained the right to sit in the House of Lords. The tenth Duke was unmarried and was succeeded in 1996 by his second cousin once removed, John Murray, the eleventh and (as of 2010) present holder of the titles. He is the grandson of Reverend Douglas Stuart Murray, brother of the aforementioned Sir George Murray, great-grandfather of the tenth Duke.

Other family members

Numerous other members of the Murray family have also gained distinction. Mungo Murray, second son of the first Earl of Tullibardine of the first creation, succeeded as second Viscount of Stormont
Viscount of Stormont
Viscount Stormont is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1621 by James VI for his friend and helper Sir David Murray who had saved him from the attack of Earl Gowrie in 1600. Murray had already been created Lord Scone, also in the Peerage of Scotland in 1605...

 according to a special remainder in 1631, but died childless in 1642. Lord Charles Murray
Charles Murray, 1st Earl of Dunmore
Charles Murray, 1st Earl of Dunmore was a British peer, previously Lord Charles Murray.The second son of John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl, he rose to become a general in the British Army and was created Earl of Dunmore, Lord Murray of Blair, Moulin and Tillimet and Viscount of Fincastle, all...

, second son of the first Marquess, was created Earl of Dunmore
Earl of Dunmore
Earl of Dunmore is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1686 for Lord Charles Murray, second son of John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl. He was made Lord Murray of Blair, Moulin and Tillimet and Viscount of Fincastle at the same time, also in the Peerage of Scotland. He was...

 in 1686. Lord James Murray
Lord James Murray
Lord James Murray , was a Scottish Member of Parliament.Murray was the third son of John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl, by Lady Amelia Anne Sophia, daughter of James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby, and was born at Knowsley Hall, Lancashire, the seat of the Stanley family...

, third son of the first Marquess, was Member of Parliament
Member of Parliament
A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...

 for Perthshire
Perthshire (UK Parliament constituency)
Perthshire was a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1708 to 1801 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 until 1885, representing a seat for one Member of Parliament .-Boundaries:...

. Lord William Murray, fourth son of the first Marquess, succeeded his father-in-law as Lord Nairne
Lord Nairne
Lord Nairne is a title in the Peerage of Scotland, which since 1995 is held by the Viscount Mersey. It was created in 1681 for the Scottish lawyer Sir Robert Nairne, with remainder to his son-in-law Lord William Murray, fourth son of John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl. Nairne notably served as a...

 in 1683 but was attainted for taking part in the Jacobite Rising of 1715. Lord George Murray
Lord George Murray (general)
Lord George Murray was a Scottish Jacobite general, most noted for his 1745 campaign under Bonnie Prince Charlie into England...

, fifth son of the first Duke and father of the third Duke, was a prominent Jacobite
Jacobitism
Jacobitism was the political movement in Britain dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England, Scotland, later the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the Kingdom of Ireland...

 general. He was also the father of James Murray
James Murray (of Strowan)
Lieutenant General James Murray , was a Scottish soldier and politician.-Background and education:A member of Clan Murray, he was the second son of Lord George Murray, fifth son of John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl. His mother was Amelia, daughter and heiress of James Murray, a surgeon, of Strowan...

, a soldier and politician, and George Murray
George Murray (MP)
Vice Admiral George Murray was a Royal Navy officer and politician. He was the third son of the Jacobite general Lord George Murray.-Naval career:...

, a naval commander and politician. Lord John Murray, eighth son of the first Duke (and the eldest by his second wife), was a soldier and politician. The Right Reverend Lord George Murray
Lord George Murray (bishop)
Lord George Murray was an Anglican cleric best remembered for his work developing Britain's first optical telegraph, which began relaying messages from London to Deal in 1796, a few years after Claude Chappe's system began operation in France...

, second son of the third Duke, was Bishop of St David's
Bishop of St David's
The Bishop of St David's is the ordinary of the Church in Wales Diocese of St David's.The succession of bishops stretches back to Saint David who in the 6th century established his seat in what is today the city of St David's in Pembrokeshire, founding St David's Cathedral. The current Bishop of St...

. His eldest son the Right Reverend George Murray
George Murray (bishop of Rochester)
George Murray was a British churchman, Archdeacon of Man, Dean of Worcester, Bishop of Sodor and Man and Bishop of Rochester.-Background and education:...

 was Bishop of Rochester
Bishop of Rochester
The Bishop of Rochester is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Rochester in the Province of Canterbury.The diocese covers the west of the county of Kent and is centred in the city of Rochester where the bishop's seat is located at the Cathedral Church of Christ and the Blessed Virgin...

. His fourth son Sir Herbert Harley Murray
Herbert Harley Murray
Sir Herbert Harley Murray KCB was a Scottish colonial governor.A member of Clan Murray headed by the Duke of Atholl, he was born in Bromley, the son of the Right Reverend George Murray, Bishop of Rochester, by Lady Sarah Maria, daughter of Robert Hay-Drummond, 10th Earl of Kinnoull...

 was Governor of Newfoundland. The actor Stephen Murray and diplomat Sir Ralph Murray
Ralph Murray
Sir Francis Ralph Hay Murray KCMG, CB , was a British journalist, radio broadcaster and diplomat.-Background and education:...

 were the grandsons of Reverend Francis William Murray, son of George Murray, Bishop of Rochester. Comedian Al Murray
Al Murray
Alastair James Hay "Al" Murray , is a British comedian best known for his stand-up persona, The Pub Landlord, a stereotypical xenophobic public house licensee. In 2003, he was listed in The Observer as one of the 50 funniest acts in British comedy...

 is the grandson of Sir Ralph Murray.

James Arthur Murray (1790–1860), only son of Lord William Murray, third son of the third Duke, was a Vice-Admiral in the Royal Navy
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...

. The Very Reverend Lord Charles Murray-Aynsley, fifth son of the third Duke, was a clergyman. His son John Murray-Aynsley was the father of 1) Charles Murray-Aynsley (1821–1901), a Vice-Admiral in the Royal Navy; 2) George Herbert Murray-Aynsley (1826–1887), a Major-General in the Madras Army
Madras Army
The Madras Army was the army of the Presidency of Madras, one of the three presidencies of the British India within the British Empire.The presidency armies, like the presidencies themselves, belonged to the East India Company until the Government of India Act 1858 transferred all three...

, and 3) Hugh Murray-Aynsley, a New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...

 politician. Sir George Murray
George Murray (civil servant)
Sir George Herbert Murray GCB GCVO ISO PC was a British civil servant.Murray was born in Southfleet, Kent, England, the son of the village's rector. He was educated at Harrow School and Christ Church, Oxford. He entered the Foreign Office in 1873 and transferred to HM Treasury in 1880...

, son of Reverend George Edward Murray, son of George Murray, Bishop of Rochester, was a civil servant. His son Sir Evelyn Murray was Secretary to the General Post Office between 1914 and 1934. Lord James Murray
James Murray, 1st Baron Glenlyon
Lieutenant-General James Murray, 1st Baron Glenlyon FRS KCH was a British Army officer, member of parliament and peer. Before being granted the title of Baron Glenlyon in 1821, he was known from birth as Lord James Murray.-Life:Murray was born in 1782 at Dunkeld, Perthshire, the son of John...

, second son of the fourth Duke, was a soldier and politician and was created Baron Glenlyon in 1821. Anne Murray, Duchess of Atholl
Anne Murray, Duchess of Atholl
Anne Murray, Duchess of Atholl , born Anne Home-Drummond and known as The Lady Glenlyon between 1839 and 1846, as The Duchess of Atholl between 1846 and 1864 and as The Dowager Duchess of Atholl between 1864 and 1897, was a Scottish courtier and close friend of Queen Victoria.Murray was born at...

, wife of the sixth Duke, was Mistress of the Robes
Mistress of the Robes
The Mistress of the Robes is the senior lady of the British Royal Household. Formerly responsible for the Queen's clothes and jewellery, the post now has the responsibility for arranging the rota of attendance of the Ladies in Waiting on the Queen, along with various duties at State ceremonies...

 to Queen Victoria
Victoria of the United Kingdom
Victoria was the monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death. From 1 May 1876, she used the additional title of Empress of India....

. Katharine Stewart-Murray, Duchess of Atholl, wife of the eighth Duke, was Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Education
Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Education
The Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Education was a junior ministerial office in the United Kingdom Government. In 1899 the Board of Education Act abolished the Committee of the Privy Council which had been responsible for education matters and instituted a new Board from 1 April 1900. The...

 from 1924 to 1929, the first woman to serve in a Conservative
Conservative Party (UK)
The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...

 government.

Traditional residence and military command

The Dukes of Atholl's traditional residence
Family seat
A seat or family seat is the principal residence of a family. The residence usually denotes the social, economic, political, or historic connection of the family within a given area. Some families took their dynasty name from their family seat , or named their family seat after their own dynasty...

 is Blair Castle
Blair Castle
Blair Castle stands in its grounds near the village of Blair Atholl in Perthshire in Scotland. It is the home of the Clan Murray family, who hold the title of Duke of Atholl, though the current Duke, John Murray, lives in South Africa....

, though the family has owned several other residences and castles in the past, notably Huntingtower Castle
Huntingtower Castle
Huntingtower Castle once known as Ruthven Castle or the Place [Palace] of Ruthven is located near the village of Huntingtower beside the A85 and near the A9, about 5km NW of the centre of Perth, Perth and Kinross, in central Scotland, on the main road to Crieff.- History :Huntingtower Castle was...

, Balvenie Castle
Balvenie Castle
Balvenie Castle is a ruined castle near Dufftown in the Moray region of Scotland.Originally known as Mortlach, it was built in the 12th century by a branch of the powerful Comyn family and extended and altered in the 15th and 16th centuries.The castle fell out of use in the early 14th century when...

, Tullibardine Castle and Dunkeld House (the latter two demolished).

The holder of the title also commands the only legal private army in Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...

, the Atholl Highlanders
Atholl Highlanders
The Atholl Highlanders is a Scottish infantry regiment. Based in Blair Atholl, the regiment is not part of the British Army. Instead, the regiment is in the private employ of the Duke of Atholl, making it the United Kingdom's, and indeed Europe's, only legal private army.-77th Foot:The name Atholl...

, whose headquarters are at Blair Castle
Blair Castle
Blair Castle stands in its grounds near the village of Blair Atholl in Perthshire in Scotland. It is the home of the Clan Murray family, who hold the title of Duke of Atholl, though the current Duke, John Murray, lives in South Africa....

.

Earls of Tullibardine; First creation (1606)

  • John Murray, 1st Earl of Tullibardine (d. 1609)
  • William Murray, 2nd Earl of Tullibardine (c. 1574–1626) (eldest son of the 1st Earl; resigned his titles in favour of younger brother in 1626)

Earls of Tullibardine; Second creation (1628)

  • Patrick Murray, 1st Earl of Tullibardine (1578–1644) (third son of the 1st Earl of Tullibardine of the first creation)
  • James Murray, 2nd Earl of Tullibardine (1617–1670) (eldest son of the 1st Earl; died without surviving children)
    • Patrick Murray, Lord Murray and Gask (c. 1644–c. 1661–1664) (elder son of the 2nd Earl, died unmarried)
    • James Murray, Lord Murray and Gask (c. 1652–c. 1664–1670) (younger son of the 2nd Earl, died young)
  • John Murray, 3rd Earl of Tullibardine
    John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl
    John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl, KT was a leading Scottish royalist and defender of the Stuarts during the English Civil War of the 1640s, until after the rise to power of William and Mary in 1689...

     (1631–1703) (first cousin of the 2nd Earl; created Marquess of Atholl in 1676)

Earls of Atholl (1629)

  • John Murray, 1st Earl of Atholl (d. 1642) (son of the 2nd Earl of Tullibardine of the first creation)
  • John Murray, 3rd Earl of Tullibardine
    John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl
    John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl, KT was a leading Scottish royalist and defender of the Stuarts during the English Civil War of the 1640s, until after the rise to power of William and Mary in 1689...

    , 2nd Earl of Atholl (1631–1703) (created Marquess of Atholl in 1676)

Marquesses of Atholl (1676)

  • John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl
    John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl
    John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl, KT was a leading Scottish royalist and defender of the Stuarts during the English Civil War of the 1640s, until after the rise to power of William and Mary in 1689...

     (1631–1703) (elder son of the 1st Earl)
  • John Murray, 2nd Marquess of Atholl (1660–1724) (created Duke of Atholl in 1703)

Dukes of Atholl (1703)

  • John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl
    John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl
    John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl, KT, PC was a Scottish nobleman, politician, and soldier. He served in numerous positions during his life, and fought in the Glorious Revolution for William III and Mary II....

     (1660–1724) (eldest son of the 1st Marquess)
    • John Murray, Marquess of Tullibardine (1684–1709) (eldest son of the 1st Duke; died unmarried)
    • William Murray, Marquess of Tullibardine (1689–1746) (second son of the 1st Duke; was a Jacobite
      Jacobitism
      Jacobitism was the political movement in Britain dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England, Scotland, later the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the Kingdom of Ireland...

       who was attainted and executed, unmarried, for treason; excluded from the succession)
    • Lord Charles Murray (1691–1720) (fourth son of the 1st Duke; predeceased his third brother without issue)
  • James Murray, 2nd Duke of Atholl
    James Murray, 2nd Duke of Atholl
    James Murray, 2nd Duke of Atholl KT PC , styled Marquess of Tullibardine between 1715 and 1746, was a Scottish peer.-Background:...

     (1690–1764) (third son of the 1st Duke)
    • John Murray, Marquess of Tullibardine (1728–1729) (eldest son of the 2nd Duke; died in infancy)
    • James Murray, Marquess of Tullibardine (1735–1736) (second and youngest son of the 2nd Duke; died in infancy)
  • John Murray, 3rd Duke of Atholl
    John Murray, 3rd Duke of Atholl
    John Murray, 3rd Duke of Atholl KT, PC , known as John Murray until 1764, was a Scottish peer and Tory politician.-Background:...

     (1729–1774) (only son of Lt.-Gen. Lord George Murray
    Lord George Murray (general)
    Lord George Murray was a Scottish Jacobite general, most noted for his 1745 campaign under Bonnie Prince Charlie into England...

    , himself the attainted Jacobite
    Jacobitism
    Jacobitism was the political movement in Britain dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England, Scotland, later the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the Kingdom of Ireland...

     fifth son of the 1st Duke)
  • John Murray, 4th Duke of Atholl
    John Murray, 4th Duke of Atholl
    John Murray, 4th Duke of Atholl KT, PC, FRS , styled Marquess of Tullibardine 1764 and 1774, was a Scottish peer.-Background:...

     (1755–1830) (eldest son of the 3rd Duke)
  • John Murray, 5th Duke of Atholl
    John Murray, 5th Duke of Atholl
    John Murray, 5th Duke of Atholl was a Duke in the Peerage of Scotland, a British Army officer and a major landowner in Scotland. Declared insane at the age of twenty, he never sat in the House of Lords....

     (1778–1846) (eldest son of John Murray, 4th Duke of Atholl
    John Murray, 4th Duke of Atholl
    John Murray, 4th Duke of Atholl KT, PC, FRS , styled Marquess of Tullibardine 1764 and 1774, was a Scottish peer.-Background:...

    ; died unmarried)
  • George Murray, 6th Duke of Atholl
    George Murray, 6th Duke of Atholl
    George Augustus Frederick John Murray, 6th Duke of Atholl KT, DL was a Scottish peer and freemason....

     (1814–1864) (eldest son of James Murray, 1st Baron Glenlyon
    James Murray, 1st Baron Glenlyon
    Lieutenant-General James Murray, 1st Baron Glenlyon FRS KCH was a British Army officer, member of parliament and peer. Before being granted the title of Baron Glenlyon in 1821, he was known from birth as Lord James Murray.-Life:Murray was born in 1782 at Dunkeld, Perthshire, the son of John...

    ; see below)
  • John Stewart-Murray, 7th Duke of Atholl
    John Stewart-Murray, 7th Duke of Atholl
    John James Hugh Henry Stewart-Murray, 7th Duke of Atholl KT , styled Marquess of Tullibardine between 1846 and 1864, was a a Scottish peer.-Background and education:...

     (1840–1917) (only son of the 6th Duke)
    • John Stewart-Murray, Marquess of Tullibardine (1869–1869) (eldest son of the 7th Duke; died in infancy)
    • Major Lord George Stewart-Murray (1873-1914) (third son of the 7th Duke; predeceased his second brother without issue)
  • John Stewart-Murray, 8th Duke of Atholl
    John Stewart-Murray, 8th Duke of Atholl
    Colonel John George Stewart-Murray, 8th Duke of Atholl KT GCVO CB DSO PC ADC , styled Marquess of Tullibardine until 1917, was a Scottish soldier and Conservative politician.-Early life:...

     (1871–1942) (second son of the 7th Duke; died without issue)
  • James Stewart-Murray, 9th Duke of Atholl
    James Stewart-Murray, 9th Duke of Atholl
    Major James Stewart-Murray, 9th Duke of Atholl , styled Lord James Stewart-Murray until 1942, was a Scottish peer and soldier....

     (1879–1957) (fourth and youngest son of the 7th Duke; died unmarried)
  • George Murray, 10th Duke of Atholl
    George Murray, 10th Duke of Atholl
    George Iain Murray, 10th Duke of Atholl DL , known as Wee Iain, was a Scottish peer and landowner.Murray was the only surviving child of Lieutenant-Colonel George Anthony Murray , who was killed in action in the Second World War, and the Honourable Angela, daughter of Weetman Pearson, 2nd Viscount...

     (1931–1996) (great-great-great-grandson of Rt. Rev. George Murray
    George Murray (bishop of Rochester)
    George Murray was a British churchman, Archdeacon of Man, Dean of Worcester, Bishop of Sodor and Man and Bishop of Rochester.-Background and education:...

    , eldest son of Rt. Rev. Lord George Murray
    Lord George Murray (bishop)
    Lord George Murray was an Anglican cleric best remembered for his work developing Britain's first optical telegraph, which began relaying messages from London to Deal in 1796, a few years after Claude Chappe's system began operation in France...

    , second son of the 3rd Duke; died unmarried)
  • John Murray, 11th Duke of Atholl
    John Murray, 11th Duke of Atholl
    John Murray, 11th Duke of Atholl , known as John Murray until 1996, is a British peer.Murray was born in Johannesburg, South Africa, the only child of Major George Murray , who was killed on active service in the Second World War, and Joan , daughter of William Edward Eastwood, of South Africa...

     (b. 1929) (great-great-grandson of Rt. Rev. George Murray)


The heir apparent
Heir apparent
An heir apparent or heiress apparent is a person who is first in line of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting, except by a change in the rules of succession....

 is the present holder's eldest son Bruce Murray, Marquess of Tullibardine (b. 1960). Lord Tullibardine's heir apparent is his eldest son Michael Murray, Earl of Strathtay and Strathardle (b. 1985).

Barons Glenlyon (1821)

  • James Murray, 1st Baron Glenlyon
    James Murray, 1st Baron Glenlyon
    Lieutenant-General James Murray, 1st Baron Glenlyon FRS KCH was a British Army officer, member of parliament and peer. Before being granted the title of Baron Glenlyon in 1821, he was known from birth as Lord James Murray.-Life:Murray was born in 1782 at Dunkeld, Perthshire, the son of John...

     (1782–1837) (second son of the 4th Duke)
  • George Murray, 2nd Baron Glenlyon
    George Murray, 6th Duke of Atholl
    George Augustus Frederick John Murray, 6th Duke of Atholl KT, DL was a Scottish peer and freemason....

     (1814–1864) (succeeded as 6th Duke of Atholl in 1846)

see above for further succession

See also

  • Clan Murray
    Clan Murray
    Clan Murray is a Highland Scottish clan. The Murrays were a great and powerful clan whose lands and cadet houses were scattered throughout Scotland.- Origins of the Clan :...

  • Earl of Dunmore
    Earl of Dunmore
    Earl of Dunmore is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1686 for Lord Charles Murray, second son of John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl. He was made Lord Murray of Blair, Moulin and Tillimet and Viscount of Fincastle at the same time, also in the Peerage of Scotland. He was...

  • Atholl
    Atholl
    Atholl or Athole is a large historical division in the Scottish Highlands. Today it forms the northern part of Perth and Kinross, Scotland bordering Marr, Badenoch, Breadalbane, Strathearn, Perth and Lochaber....

  • Atholl Highlanders
    Atholl Highlanders
    The Atholl Highlanders is a Scottish infantry regiment. Based in Blair Atholl, the regiment is not part of the British Army. Instead, the regiment is in the private employ of the Duke of Atholl, making it the United Kingdom's, and indeed Europe's, only legal private army.-77th Foot:The name Atholl...

  • Atolovo
    Atolovo
    Atolovo is a village in southeastern Bulgaria, part of Straldzha municipality, Yambol Province. , it has a population of 184 and the mayor is Nikolay Spasov...

    , a Bulgarian village named after a Duke of Atholl

External links



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