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The Duchy of Lucca was an Italian
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
 state existing from 1815 to 1847. It was centered on the city of Lucca
Lucca

Lucca is a city in Tuscany, northern central Italy, situated on the river Serchio in a fertile plain near the Ligurian Sea. It is the capital city of the Province of Lucca....
.

The Duchy was formed in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna
Congress of Vienna

The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of European states chaired by the Austrian statesman Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, and held in Vienna from September, 1814 to June, 1815....
, out of the former Republic of Lucca and the Principality of Lucca, which had been ruled by Elisa Bonaparte
Elisa Bonaparte

Maria Anna Elisa Bonaparte Baciocchi, Princesse Fran?aise, Duchess of Lucca and Princess of Piombino, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, Comtesse de Compignano was the fourth surviving child and eldest surviving daughter of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino....
. It was created to compensate the House of Bourbon-Parma
House of Bourbon-Parma

The House of Bourbon-Parma is a cadet branch of the House of Bourbon. It is thus descended from the Capetian dynasty. The name of Bourbon-Parma comes from the main name and the other from the title of Duke of Parma....
 for the loss of the Duchy of Parma
Duchy of Parma

The Duchy of Parma was created in 1545 from that part of the Duchy of Milan south of the Po River, as a fief for Pope Paul III's illegitimate son, Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma, centered on the city of Parma....
, which had been given to Marie Louise of Austria
Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma

Marie Louise of Austria , born Archduchess Maria Luisa of Austria , became upon marriage Empress of the French , and in 1817 became Duchess of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla ....
.

In 1817, Maria Louisa of Spain, the former Queen of Etruria, assumed the government of Lucca.






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The Duchy of Lucca was an Italian
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
 state existing from 1815 to 1847. It was centered on the city of Lucca
Lucca

Lucca is a city in Tuscany, northern central Italy, situated on the river Serchio in a fertile plain near the Ligurian Sea. It is the capital city of the Province of Lucca....
.

The Duchy was formed in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna
Congress of Vienna

The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of European states chaired by the Austrian statesman Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, and held in Vienna from September, 1814 to June, 1815....
, out of the former Republic of Lucca and the Principality of Lucca, which had been ruled by Elisa Bonaparte
Elisa Bonaparte

Maria Anna Elisa Bonaparte Baciocchi, Princesse Fran?aise, Duchess of Lucca and Princess of Piombino, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, Comtesse de Compignano was the fourth surviving child and eldest surviving daughter of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino....
. It was created to compensate the House of Bourbon-Parma
House of Bourbon-Parma

The House of Bourbon-Parma is a cadet branch of the House of Bourbon. It is thus descended from the Capetian dynasty. The name of Bourbon-Parma comes from the main name and the other from the title of Duke of Parma....
 for the loss of the Duchy of Parma
Duchy of Parma

The Duchy of Parma was created in 1545 from that part of the Duchy of Milan south of the Po River, as a fief for Pope Paul III's illegitimate son, Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma, centered on the city of Parma....
, which had been given to Marie Louise of Austria
Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma

Marie Louise of Austria , born Archduchess Maria Luisa of Austria , became upon marriage Empress of the French , and in 1817 became Duchess of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla ....
.

In 1817, Maria Louisa of Spain, the former Queen of Etruria, assumed the government of Lucca. She was also the mother of Charles Louis
Charles II, Duke of Parma

Charles Louis of Bourbon-Parma was Kingdom of Etruria , Duchy of Lucca , and Duchy of Parma ....
, the Bourbon
House of Bourbon-Parma

The House of Bourbon-Parma is a cadet branch of the House of Bourbon. It is thus descended from the Capetian dynasty. The name of Bourbon-Parma comes from the main name and the other from the title of Duke of Parma....
 heir to Parma. This followed the Treaty of Paris (1817), which confirmed both her sovereign status in Lucca, and her son's status as heir to Parma in succession to Marie Louise.

After Maria Louisa's death in 1824, Charles Louis assumed the government of the Duchy.

In 1847 Marie Louise died. Charles succeeded to the Duchy of Parma, and left Lucca, which was annexed by the Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Grand Duchy of Tuscany

The Grand Duchy of Tuscany 2 was a state in central Italy that existed from 1569 to 1859, replacing the Duchy of Florence, which had been created out of the old Republic of Florence in 1532, and which annexed the Republic of Siena in 1557....
.

Flag

From 1815 to 1818, the flag of Lucca was yellow and red horizontal stripes. From 7 November, 1818, to 1847 the flag was white, with Maria Luisa's coat of arms and the yellow–red flag in the canton.

See also

  • Historical states of Italy
    Historical states of Italy

    Italy until the present era was a conglomeration of city-states and small independent nations. The following is a list of the various states that made up what we now know as Italy during the past....