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The Duchy of Jülich (; ) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire was a union of territories in Central Europe during the Middle Ages and the Early modern Europe under a Holy Roman Emperor....
. Its territory is situated in present day Germany
Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
 (part of North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia

North Rhine - Westphalia is the westernmost and - in terms of population and economic output - the largest States of Germany of Germany. North Rhine - Westphalia has over 18 million inhabitants, contributes about 22% of Germany's gross domestic product and comprises a land area of 34,083 km? ....
) and the Netherlands
Netherlands

The Netherlands is a country that is part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands is located in North-West Europe, and bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east....
 (part of Limburg
Limburg (Netherlands)

Limburg is the southern-most of the twelve provinces of the Netherlands of the Netherlands. It is located in the southeastern part of the country and bordered by Belgium to the south and part of the west, Germany to the east, the Dutch province of North Brabant partly to the west, and the province of Gelderland to the north....
). It was situated on both sides of the river Rur
RUR

RUR can refer to:* Rur river in eastern Belgium, western Germany and southern Netherlands * R.U.R. , a science fiction play by Karel Capek* Russian ruble before 1997 ...
, around its capital Jülich
Jülich

J?lich is a town in the district of D?ren , in the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. J?lich is well known as location of a world-famous research centre, the Forschungszentrum J?lich and as shortwave transmitter J?lich of Deutsche Welle....
 in the lower Rhineland
Rhineland

The Rhineland is the general name for the land on both sides of the river Rhine in the west of Germany. After the collapse of the First French Empire in the early 19th century, the German-speaking regions at the middle and lower course of the Rhine were annexed to the kingdom of Prussia....
. It was combined with the County of Berg in 1423, and from then on also known as Jülich-Berg.

The County of Jülich (Grafschaft Jülich) was first mentioned in the 11th century.






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Kbmg1477
The Duchy of Jülich (; ) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire was a union of territories in Central Europe during the Middle Ages and the Early modern Europe under a Holy Roman Emperor....
. Its territory is situated in present day Germany
Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
 (part of North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia

North Rhine - Westphalia is the westernmost and - in terms of population and economic output - the largest States of Germany of Germany. North Rhine - Westphalia has over 18 million inhabitants, contributes about 22% of Germany's gross domestic product and comprises a land area of 34,083 km? ....
) and the Netherlands
Netherlands

The Netherlands is a country that is part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands is located in North-West Europe, and bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east....
 (part of Limburg
Limburg (Netherlands)

Limburg is the southern-most of the twelve provinces of the Netherlands of the Netherlands. It is located in the southeastern part of the country and bordered by Belgium to the south and part of the west, Germany to the east, the Dutch province of North Brabant partly to the west, and the province of Gelderland to the north....
). It was situated on both sides of the river Rur
RUR

RUR can refer to:* Rur river in eastern Belgium, western Germany and southern Netherlands * R.U.R. , a science fiction play by Karel Capek* Russian ruble before 1997 ...
, around its capital Jülich
Jülich

J?lich is a town in the district of D?ren , in the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. J?lich is well known as location of a world-famous research centre, the Forschungszentrum J?lich and as shortwave transmitter J?lich of Deutsche Welle....
 in the lower Rhineland
Rhineland

The Rhineland is the general name for the land on both sides of the river Rhine in the west of Germany. After the collapse of the First French Empire in the early 19th century, the German-speaking regions at the middle and lower course of the Rhine were annexed to the kingdom of Prussia....
. It was combined with the County of Berg in 1423, and from then on also known as Jülich-Berg.

The County of Jülich (Grafschaft Jülich) was first mentioned in the 11th century. In 1356, the county
County

A county is a land area of Local government government within a larger state. A county may have city and towns within its area....
 became a duchy
Duchy

A duchy is a territory, fiefdom, or domain ruled by a duke or duchess.Some duchies were sovereignty in areas that would become unified realms only during the Modern era ....
. Its history is closely related to that of its neighbours: the Duchies of Cleves
Duchy of Cleves

The Duchy of Cleves was a state of the Holy Roman Empire in present Germany and the Netherlands . Its territory was situated on both sides of the river Rhine, around its capital Cleves and roughly covering today's Cleves , Wesel and the City of Duisburg....
, Berg
Berg (state)

The territory of Berg in today's North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany emerged as a separate domain in mediaeval times. It comprised roughly the area between the rivers Rhine, Ruhr and Sieg....
, and Guelders
Guelders

Guelders or Gueldres is the name of a historical county, later duchy in the Low Countries.The duchy was named after the town of Geldern, which is now in Germany....
 and the County of Mark. In 1423, Jülich and Berg were united. In 1521 Jülich, Berg, Cleves and Mark formed the united Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg
Jülich-Cleves-Berg

File:Armoiries Guillaume de Cl?ves.pngJ?lich-Cleves-Berg was a combination of states of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1423 the duchies of Duchy of J?lich and Duchy of Berg were united, and in 1521 they united with the duchy of Duchy of Cleves and the county of Mark to form J?lich-Cleves-Berg....
 in a personal union under John III, Duke of Cleves
John III, Duke of Cleves

John III, "The Peaceful", Duke of Duchy_of_Cleves-Mark_ was a son of John II, Duke of Cleves Duke of Kleve-Mark and Matilda of Hesse. Johann III became Regent of the combined Duchies of J?lich-Kleve-Berg in 1521, and Lord of County_of_Ravensberg in 1528....
 who married to Maria von Geldern, daughter of William VIII of Jülich-Berg, who became heiress to her father's estates: Jülich
Jülich

J?lich is a town in the district of D?ren , in the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. J?lich is well known as location of a world-famous research centre, the Forschungszentrum J?lich and as shortwave transmitter J?lich of Deutsche Welle....
, Berg
Berg (state)

The territory of Berg in today's North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany emerged as a separate domain in mediaeval times. It comprised roughly the area between the rivers Rhine, Ruhr and Sieg....
, and the County of Ravensberg.

When the last duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg died issueless in 1609, a war broke out for the succession. The duchies were divided between Palatinate-Neuburg
Palatinate-Neuburg

Palatinate-Neuburg is a former state of the Holy Roman Empire, founded in 1505. Its capital was Neuburg an der Donau. Its area was about 2,750 km?, with a population of some 100,000....
 (Jülich and Berg) and Margraviate of Brandenburg
Margraviate of Brandenburg

The Margraviate of Brandenburg was a major principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1157 to 1806. Also known as the March of Brandenburg , it played a pivotal role in the history of Germany and Central Europe....
 (Cleves and Mark) in the Treaty of Xanten
Treaty of Xanten

The Treaty of Xanten was signed in the Lower Rhine town of Xanten on November 12, 1614 between Wolfgang William, Duke of Palatinate-Neuburg and John Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg ....
 of 1614. When the last duke of Palatinate-Neuburg (after 1685 also Palatine Elector) died issueless in 1742, Jülich and Berg were inherited by the Duke of Palatinate-Sulzbach (after 1777 also Duke of Bavaria
Bavaria

Bavaria , with an area of and almost 12.5 million inhabitants, is a region located in the southeast of Germany and is the largest States of Germany of Germany by area....
).

In 1794, the Duchy of Jülich was occupied by France
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
, and it became part of the French département of the Roer
Roer (département)

Roer is the name of a d?partement in France of the First French Empire in present day Germany and the Netherlands. It was named after the river Rur, which flows through the d?partement....
. With the Treaty of Lunéville
Treaty of Lunéville

The Treaty of Lun?ville was signed on February 9, 1801 between the French First Republic and the Holy Roman Empire by Joseph Bonaparte and Count Ludwig von Cobenzl, respectively....
 in 1801, Jülich was officially ceded to France. In 1815, after the defeat of Napoleon
Napoleon I of France

Napoleon Bonaparte later known as Emperor Napoleon I, was a military and political leader of France whose actions shaped European politics in the early 19th century....
, the duchy became part of the Prussian
Kingdom of Prussia

The Kingdom of Prussia was a Germany monarchy from 1701 to 1918 and, from 1871, was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising almost two-thirds of the area of the empire....
 Province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg
Province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg

The Province of J?lich-Cleves-Berg was a Provinces of Prussia of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1815-1822. The land held by the defunct united duchies of J?lich-Cleves-Berg formed the majority of the land in this new province....
 (after 1822 the Prussian Rhine Province
Rhine Province

The Rhine Province , also known as Rhenish Prussia and the Rhineland , was a Provinces of Prussia of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1822-1946....
), except for the cities Sittard
Sittard

Sittard is a city in the Dutch province of Limburg , which is the southernmost province of the Netherlands.On the east Sittard borders on Germany ....
 and Tegelen
Tegelen

Tegelen is a big village in the province of Limburg in the Netherlands. It was an independent municipality until 2001, when it was merged into the municipality of Venlo....
, which became part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands
United Kingdom of the Netherlands

United Kingdom of the Netherlands was the unofficial name used to refer to a new unified European state created from part of the First French Empire during the Congress of Vienna in 1815....
.

Dukes since 1356

– 1393-1423 in Union with Geldern, since 1423 with Berg, since 1437 with Ravensberg –

  • 1356-1361 William I. (before Count of Jülich)
  • 1362-1393 William II.
  • 1393-1402 William III.
  • 1402-1423 Rainald
  • 1423–1437 Adolf
  • 1437–1475 Gerhard
  • 1475–1511 William IV.

House Mark, Dukes
– since 1521 a part of the Jülich-Cleves-Berg
Jülich-Cleves-Berg

File:Armoiries Guillaume de Cl?ves.pngJ?lich-Cleves-Berg was a combination of states of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1423 the duchies of Duchy of J?lich and Duchy of Berg were united, and in 1521 they united with the duchy of Duchy of Cleves and the county of Mark to form J?lich-Cleves-Berg....
 –
  • 1511–1539 Johann
    John III, Duke of Cleves

    John III, "The Peaceful", Duke of Duchy_of_Cleves-Mark_ was a son of John II, Duke of Cleves Duke of Kleve-Mark and Matilda of Hesse. Johann III became Regent of the combined Duchies of J?lich-Kleve-Berg in 1521, and Lord of County_of_Ravensberg in 1528....
  • 1539–1592 William V.
    Wilhelm, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg

    William ?the Rich? was a Duke of J?lich-Cleves-Berg .William was born in and died in D?sseldorf. He was the only son of John III, Duke of Cleves, Duke of J?lich-Cleves-Berg, and Maria of J?lich-Berg....
  • 1592–1609 Johann Wilhelm I.


House of Wittelsbach, Dukes
– in union with Berg und Palatinate-Neuburg
Palatinate-Neuburg

Palatinate-Neuburg is a former state of the Holy Roman Empire, founded in 1505. Its capital was Neuburg an der Donau. Its area was about 2,750 km?, with a population of some 100,000....
, since 1690 also with the Electoral Palatinate, since 1777 also with Bavaria
Bavaria

Bavaria , with an area of and almost 12.5 million inhabitants, is a region located in the southeast of Germany and is the largest States of Germany of Germany by area....
–
  • 1614–1653 Wolfgang Wilhelm
    Wolfgang Wilhelm, Count Palatine of Neuburg

    Wolfgang Wilhelm, Count Palatine of Neuburg was a German Count palatine and the Duke of Duchy of J?lich and Duchy of Berg....
  • 1653–1679 Phillip Wilhelm
    Philipp Wilhelm, Elector Palatine

    Philip William of Neuburg, Elector Palatine , was Count Palatine of Neuburg from 1653 to 1690, Duchy of J?lich and Berg from 1653 to 1679 and Electoral Palatinate from 1685 to 1690....
  • 1679–1716 Johann Wilhelm II.
    Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine

    Johann Wilhelm II, Elector Palatine, also known as Johann Wilhelm von Pfalz-Neuburg , was Elector Palatine , Duke Palatine of Palatinate-Neuburg , Duchy of J?lich and Berg , and Duke of Upper Palatinate and Cham ....
  • 1716–1742 Karl Phillip
    Karl III Philip, Elector Palatine

    Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine was a ruler from the house of Wittelsbach. He was Elector Palatine, Count of Palatinate-Neuburg, and Duchy of J?lich and Berg from 1716 to 1742....
  • 1742–1794 Karl Theodor
    Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria

    Karl Theodor, Prince-Elector, Count Palatine and Duke of Bavaria reigned as Prince-Elector and Count Electoral Palatinate from 1742, as Duchy of J?lich and Berg from 1742 and also as Prince-Elector and Duke of Bavaria from 1777, until his death....


External links