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Dorian mode

 

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Dorian mode



 
  Due to historical confusion, Dorian mode or Doric mode can refer to two very different musical mode
Musical mode

Mode is a term from Western music theory having three senses: the rhythmic relationship between long and short values in the late medieval period; in early medieval theory, Interval ; and, most commonly, a concept involving Musical scale and melody type ....
s or diatonic scale
Diatonic scale

In music theory, a diatonic scale is a seven note musical scale comprising five whole steps and two half steps, in which the half steps are maximally separated....
s.

Greek Dorian mode

The Dorian mode is named after the Dorian Greeks
Greeks

The Greeks , also known as Hellenes, are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions, who can also be found in Greek diaspora communities around the world....
. In Greek music theory it was based on the Dorian tetrachord
Tetrachord

Traditionally, a tetrachord is a series of four tones filling in the interval of a perfect fourth, a 4:3 frequency proportion. In modern usage a tetrachord is any four-note segment of a scale or tone row....
: descending, a series of falling intervals of two whole tones
Major second

A major second , also called a whole step or a whole tone,One source says step is "chiefly US."The preferred usage has been argued since the 19th century:...
 followed by a semitone
Semitone

A semitone, also called a half step or a half tone,Aaron Copland, Leonard Bernstein, and others use "half tone".One source says that step is "chiefly US", and that half-tone is "chiefly N....
. Applied to a whole octave
Octave

In music, an octave The octave is occasionally referred to as a diapason.The octave above an indicated note is sometimes abbreviated 8va, and the octave below 8vb....
, the Dorian mode was built upon two Dorian tetrachords separated by a whole tone. This is the same as playing all the white notes of a piano (ascending, as in the modern reckoning) from E to E: E F G A | B C D E. Placing the two tetrachords together, and the single tone at the bottom of the scale produces the Hypodorian mode
Hypodorian mode

The hypodorian mode, literally meaning 'below dorian mode', is a musical mode or diatonic scale of ancient Greece that was based upon the dorian mode tetrachord: a series of rising intervals of a semitone followed by two major second....
 (below Dorian): A | B C D E | (E) F G A. Placing the two tetrachords together, and the single tone at the top of the scale produces the Hyperdorian mode (above Dorian), which is effectively the same as the mediaeval and modern Locrian mode. Confusingly, the Greek Dorian mode is the same as the mediaeval and modern Phrygian mode
Phrygian mode

Modes are early forms of scales used in music. The Phrygian mode can refer to two different musical modes or diatonic scales: the ancient Greek Phrygian mode and the Medieval Phrygian mode....
.

Medieval and modern Dorian mode

The early Christian church developed a system of eight musical modes (the octoechos
Octoechos

Octoechos is the fundamental structure for classifying and describing modes in Byzantine music....
), which mediaeval music scholars related to the ancient Greek modes. Misinterpreting the Latin
Latin

Latin is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Through the Military history of the Roman Empire, Latin spread throughout the Mediterranean and a large part of Europe....
 texts of Boethius
Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius

Anicius Manlius Severinus Bo?thius was a Christian or pagan philosopher of the 6th century. He was born in Rome to an ancient and important family which included emperors Petronius Maximus and Olybrius and many Roman consul....
, medieval modes were given the wrong Greek names. Thus, in medieval and modern music, the Dorian mode is a diatonic scale
Diatonic scale

In music theory, a diatonic scale is a seven note musical scale comprising five whole steps and two half steps, in which the half steps are maximally separated....
 or musical mode
Musical mode

Mode is a term from Western music theory having three senses: the rhythmic relationship between long and short values in the late medieval period; in early medieval theory, Interval ; and, most commonly, a concept involving Musical scale and melody type ....
 which corresponds to the white keys of the piano from "D" to "D". It may be considered an "excerpt" of a major scale
Major scale

In music theory, the major scale or Ionian mode scale is one of the diatonic scale Musical scales. It is made up of seven distinct notes, plus an eighth which duplicates the first an octave higher....
 played from the pitch
Pitch (music)

Pitch represents the perceived fundamental frequency of a sound. It is one of the three major auditory system attributes of sounds along with loudness and timbre....
 a whole tone above the major scale's tonic
Tonic (music)

The tonic is the first note of a scale in the tonality method of musical composition. The chord #The Triad formed on the tonic note, the tonic chord, is thus the most significant chord ....
 (in the key of C Major it would be D, E, F, G, A, B, C, D), i.e., a major scale played from its second scale degree up to its second degree again. The resulting scale is, however, minor (or has a minor "feel" or character) because as the "D" becomes the new tonal centre the minor third between the D and the F make us "hear minor". If we build a chord on the tonic, third and fifth, it is a minor chord.

The formula for this can be shown as:
Whole Step - Half Step - Whole Step - Whole Step - Whole Step - Half Step - Whole Step
or more simply:
whwwwhw


Examples of the Dorian mode include:

  • The D Dorian mode contains all notes the same as the C major scale
    Major scale

    In music theory, the major scale or Ionian mode scale is one of the diatonic scale Musical scales. It is made up of seven distinct notes, plus an eighth which duplicates the first an octave higher....
     starting on D.
  • The G Dorian mode contains all notes the same as the F major scale
    Major scale

    In music theory, the major scale or Ionian mode scale is one of the diatonic scale Musical scales. It is made up of seven distinct notes, plus an eighth which duplicates the first an octave higher....
     starting on G.
  • The A Dorian mode contains all notes the same as the G major scale
    Major scale

    In music theory, the major scale or Ionian mode scale is one of the diatonic scale Musical scales. It is made up of seven distinct notes, plus an eighth which duplicates the first an octave higher....
     starting on A.


The Dorian mode is symmetric, meaning that the pattern of tones and semitone
Semitone

A semitone, also called a half step or a half tone,Aaron Copland, Leonard Bernstein, and others use "half tone".One source says that step is "chiefly US", and that half-tone is "chiefly N....
s (T-s-T-T-T-s-T) is the same ascending or descending. The difference between the Dorian mode and the modern natural minor scale is well exemplified in the relative "hardness" of the 6th note of the tune. In the modern minor scale, this note would be a semitone lower.

The Dorian mode is equivalent to the natural minor scale (or the Aeolian mode
Aeolian mode

The Aeolian mode is a musical mode or diatonic scale.An Aeolian mode formed part of the music theory of ancient Greece, based around the relative natural scale in A ....
) but with the sixth degree raised a semi-tone. Confusingly, the medieval and modern Dorian mode is the same as the Greek Phrygian mode
Phrygian mode

Modes are early forms of scales used in music. The Phrygian mode can refer to two different musical modes or diatonic scales: the ancient Greek Phrygian mode and the Medieval Phrygian mode....
.