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Dmitry Karakozov
 
 
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Dmitry Vladimirovich Karakozov (??????? ???????????? ????????? in Russian
Russian language

Russian is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages, and the largest native language in Europe....
) (October 23 Old Style
Old Style and New Style dates

Old Style and New Style are used in English language historical studies either to indicate that the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on :January 1 even though contemporary documents use a different start of year ; or to indicate that a date conforms to the Julian calendar , formerly in use in many countries, rathe...
 (November 4 New Style
Old Style and New Style dates

Old Style and New Style are used in English language historical studies either to indicate that the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on :January 1 even though contemporary documents use a different start of year ; or to indicate that a date conforms to the Julian calendar , formerly in use in many countries, rathe...
), 1840 - September 3 Old Style
Old Style and New Style dates

Old Style and New Style are used in English language historical studies either to indicate that the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on :January 1 even though contemporary documents use a different start of year ; or to indicate that a date conforms to the Julian calendar , formerly in use in many countries, rathe...
 (September 15 New Style
Old Style and New Style dates

Old Style and New Style are used in English language historical studies either to indicate that the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on :January 1 even though contemporary documents use a different start of year ; or to indicate that a date conforms to the Julian calendar , formerly in use in many countries, rathe...
), 1866) was the first Russia
Russia

Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
n revolutionary
Revolutionary

A revolutionary is a person who either actively participates in, or advocates revolution. Also, when used as an adjective, the term revolutionary refers to something that has a major, sudden impact on society or on some aspect of human endeavour....
 to make an attempt on the life of a tsar
Tsar

Tsar or czar , occasionally spelled csar or tzar in English language, is a slavs term designating certain monarchs.Originally, the title Czar meant Emperor in the European medieval sense of the term, that is, a ruler who has the same rank as a Ancient Rome or Byzantine emperor due to recognition by another emperor or...
.

Karakozov was born in the family of a minor nobleman in Kostroma
Kostroma

Kostroma is an historic types of inhabited localities in Russia in central Russia, the administrative centre of Kostroma Oblast. A part of the Golden ring of the Russian towns, it is located at the confluence of the Volga and Kostroma Rivers....
. He studied at the Kazan University from 1861 to 1864 and at the Moscow State University
Moscow State University

M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University , for a time the Lomonosov University , is the largest university in Russia. Founded in 1755, it also claims to be the oldest university in Russia....
 from 1864 to 1866. In early 1866, he became a member of the "revolutionary wing" of the Ishutin Society, founded by his cousin Nikolai Ishutin
Nikolai Ishutin

Nikolai Andreyevich Ishutin was one of the first Russian utopian socialists, who combined socialism propaganda among the people with conspiracy and Terrorism tactic ....
 in Moscow
Moscow

Moscow is the capital and the largest types of inhabited localities in Russia of the Russian Federation. It is also the largest European cities and metropolitan areas, with the Moscow metropolitan area ranking among the largest urban areas in the world....
 in 1863.






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Dmitry Vladimirovich Karakozov (??????? ???????????? ????????? in Russian
Russian language

Russian is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages, and the largest native language in Europe....
) (October 23 Old Style
Old Style and New Style dates

Old Style and New Style are used in English language historical studies either to indicate that the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on :January 1 even though contemporary documents use a different start of year ; or to indicate that a date conforms to the Julian calendar , formerly in use in many countries, rathe...
 (November 4 New Style
Old Style and New Style dates

Old Style and New Style are used in English language historical studies either to indicate that the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on :January 1 even though contemporary documents use a different start of year ; or to indicate that a date conforms to the Julian calendar , formerly in use in many countries, rathe...
), 1840 - September 3 Old Style
Old Style and New Style dates

Old Style and New Style are used in English language historical studies either to indicate that the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on :January 1 even though contemporary documents use a different start of year ; or to indicate that a date conforms to the Julian calendar , formerly in use in many countries, rathe...
 (September 15 New Style
Old Style and New Style dates

Old Style and New Style are used in English language historical studies either to indicate that the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on :January 1 even though contemporary documents use a different start of year ; or to indicate that a date conforms to the Julian calendar , formerly in use in many countries, rathe...
), 1866) was the first Russia
Russia

Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
n revolutionary
Revolutionary

A revolutionary is a person who either actively participates in, or advocates revolution. Also, when used as an adjective, the term revolutionary refers to something that has a major, sudden impact on society or on some aspect of human endeavour....
 to make an attempt on the life of a tsar
Tsar

Tsar or czar , occasionally spelled csar or tzar in English language, is a slavs term designating certain monarchs.Originally, the title Czar meant Emperor in the European medieval sense of the term, that is, a ruler who has the same rank as a Ancient Rome or Byzantine emperor due to recognition by another emperor or...
.

Karakozov was born in the family of a minor nobleman in Kostroma
Kostroma

Kostroma is an historic types of inhabited localities in Russia in central Russia, the administrative centre of Kostroma Oblast. A part of the Golden ring of the Russian towns, it is located at the confluence of the Volga and Kostroma Rivers....
. He studied at the Kazan University from 1861 to 1864 and at the Moscow State University
Moscow State University

M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University , for a time the Lomonosov University , is the largest university in Russia. Founded in 1755, it also claims to be the oldest university in Russia....
 from 1864 to 1866. In early 1866, he became a member of the "revolutionary wing" of the Ishutin Society, founded by his cousin Nikolai Ishutin
Nikolai Ishutin

Nikolai Andreyevich Ishutin was one of the first Russian utopian socialists, who combined socialism propaganda among the people with conspiracy and Terrorism tactic ....
 in Moscow
Moscow

Moscow is the capital and the largest types of inhabited localities in Russia of the Russian Federation. It is also the largest European cities and metropolitan areas, with the Moscow metropolitan area ranking among the largest urban areas in the world....
 in 1863. In the spring of 1866, Karakozov arrived in St.Petersburg to assassinate Alexander II
Alexander II of Russia

Alexander II Nikolaevich , also known as Alexander the Liberator was the List of Russian rulers of the Russian Empire from 3 March 1855 until his assassination in 1881....
. He circulated his hand-written proclamation
Proclamation

A proclamation is an official declaration....
 called "???????-???????" ("To Friends-Workers"), in which he incited people to revolt.

On April 4, 1866, Dmitry Karakozov made an unsuccessful attempt on the life of Tsar Alexander II at the gates of the Summer Garden
Summer Garden

The Summer Garden occupies an island between the Fontanka, Moika, and the Swan Canal in Saint Petersburg and shares its name with the adjacent Summer Palace of Peter I of Russia....
 in St.Petersburg. The attempt was thwarted by Osip Komissarov, a peasant-born hatter's apprentice, who jostled Karakozov's elbow right before the shot was fired . Contemporary monarchists argued that Komissarov's action proved the people's love for their tsar while contemporary radicals and later Soviet historians argued that Komissarov's involvement in the event was either an accident or an outright government fabrication.

Karakozov tried to flee instead of using the second cartridge in his double barreled gun, but was apprehended. The Supreme Criminal Court sentenced him to death by hanging
Hanging

Hanging is the lethal suspension of a person by a ligature. The Oxford English Dictionary states that hanging in this sense is "specifically to put to death by suspension by the neck", although it formerly also referred to crucifixion and death by impalement in which the body would remain "hanging"....
 and he was executed in St. Petersburg on September 3, 1866. Komissarov was ennobled and given a generous stipend, but proved to be an embarrassment to the government due to his boorishness and incoherence and had to be politely removed to the countryside.