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Dicentric chromosome

 

 
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Dicentric chromosome
 
 
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Dicentric chromosome is an aberrant chromosome
Chromosome

A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA and protein that is found in Cell . A chromosome is a single piece of DNA that contains many genes, regulatory sequence and other genetic sequence....
 having two centromere
Centromere

A centromere is a region of DNA typically found near the middle of a chromosome where two sister chromatids come in contact. It is involved in cell division as the point of mitotic spindle....
s. Dicentric chromosomes form when two chromosome segments (from different chromosomes or from the two chromatids of a single one), each with a centromere, fuse end to end, with loss of their acentric fragments. Dicentrics, despite their two centromeres, may be mitotically stable if one of the two centromeres is inactivated, or if the two centromeres always coordinate their movement to one or the other pole during anaphase.






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Dicentric chromosome is an aberrant chromosome
Chromosome

A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA and protein that is found in Cell . A chromosome is a single piece of DNA that contains many genes, regulatory sequence and other genetic sequence....
 having two centromere
Centromere

A centromere is a region of DNA typically found near the middle of a chromosome where two sister chromatids come in contact. It is involved in cell division as the point of mitotic spindle....
s. Dicentric chromosomes form when two chromosome segments (from different chromosomes or from the two chromatids of a single one), each with a centromere, fuse end to end, with loss of their acentric fragments. Dicentrics, despite their two centromeres, may be mitotically stable if one of the two centromeres is inactivated, or if the two centromeres always coordinate their movement to one or the other pole during anaphase. Such chromosomes are formally called pseudodicentric. The most common pseudodicentrics involve the sex chromosomes or the acrocentric chromosomes (Robertsonian translocation
Robertsonian translocation

Robertsonian translocation is a common form of chromosomal rearrangement that occurs in the five Centromere#Acrocentric human chromosome pairs, namely 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22....
). Evaluation of centromere function by FISH
Fluorescent in situ hybridization

FISH is a cytogenetics technique that can be used to detect and localize the presence or absence of specific DNA DNA sequence on chromosomes. It uses hybridization probe that bind to only those parts of the chromosome with which they show a high degree of sequence similarity....
 combined with immunofluorescence analysis of centromere and kinetochore
Kinetochore

The kinetochore is the protein structure on chromosomes where the spindle fibers attach during division to pull the chromosomes apart.The kinetochore forms in eukaryotes and assembles on the centromere and links the chromosome to microtubule polymers from the mitotic spindle during mitosis and meiosis....
 proteins is a specialized procedure in some clinical cytogenetics
Cytogenetics

Cytogenetics is a branch of genetics that is concerned with the study of the structure and function of the cell, especially the chromosomes. It includes routine analysis of G banding chromosomes, other cytogenetic banding techniques, as well as molecular cytogenetics such as fluorescent in situ hybridization and comparative genomic hybridiz...
 laboratories.