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Dezful (Dezh-pol, Fortress Bridge) is a city
City

A city is an urban area with a high population density and a particular administrative, legal, or historical status.Large industrialized cities generally have advanced systems for sanitation, utilities, land usage, house, and transportation and more....
 in the Khuzestan province in southwestern Iran
Iran

Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran and formerly known internationally as Persian Empire until 1935, is a country in Central Eurasia, located on the northeastern shore of the Persian Gulf and the southern shore of the Caspian Sea....
.

The most famous ancient structure of the city is a bridge that dates back to 300 BCE In 2006, the city had 235,819 inhabitants.

History
The name "Dezful" has been derived from the two words "Dezj" (fortress)+ "Pol" (bridge), that in combination can stand for 'the bridge to the fortress' or 'fortified bridge'.






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Dezful (Dezh-pol, Fortress Bridge) is a city
City

A city is an urban area with a high population density and a particular administrative, legal, or historical status.Large industrialized cities generally have advanced systems for sanitation, utilities, land usage, house, and transportation and more....
 in the Khuzestan province in southwestern Iran
Iran

Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran and formerly known internationally as Persian Empire until 1935, is a country in Central Eurasia, located on the northeastern shore of the Persian Gulf and the southern shore of the Caspian Sea....
.

The most famous ancient structure of the city is a bridge that dates back to 300 BCE In 2006, the city had 235,819 inhabitants.

History


The name "Dezful" has been derived from the two words "Dezj" (fortress)+ "Pol" (bridge), that in combination can stand for 'the bridge to the fortress' or 'fortified bridge'. The original name of the city was 'Dezjpol' but after the Arabs invaded the area, because they had no 'zj' and 'p' in their vocals, the City was called Dezful, with the 'z' having an 's' soundThe bridge was built during Shapur I
Shapur I

Shapur I was the second Sassanid King of the Sassanid Empire. The dates of his reign are commonly given as 241 - 272, but it is likely that he also reigned as co-regent prior to his father's death in 241....
. When the Roman Emperor
Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
 Valerian
Valerian

Valerian may refer to:In botany:* Valeriana, a genus of plants* Valerian , a medicinal plant* Red valerian, a garden flower, Centranthus ruber ...
 was defeated in Battle of Edessa
Battle of Edessa

The Battle of Edessa took place between the armies of the Roman Empire under the command of Emperor Valerian and Sassanid Empire forces under King Shapur I in 259....
, remains of his captured army were used to finish the bridge. It's believed that the bridge was made over the ruins of a much older bridge, built during the Elamite dynasties
Elam

Elam was an ancient civilization located in what is now southwest Iran.Elam was centered in the far west and southwest of modern-day Iran, stretching from the lowlands of Khuzestan and Ilam Province , as far as Jiroft in Kerman province and Burned City in Zabol, as well as a small part of southern Iraq....
.
Dezful Masjed Jameh
It is also believed that a fortress protected the strategic bridge across the Dez river, whence the name, although no trace of this castle remains. Interestingly, the old part of the city adjacent to the bridge is known the "Qaleh" (castle). In the middle of the river, close to the bridge you can see remains of several water mills built ca. 300 BCE. Most of them were actually used up to the beginning of the 20th century. The last one was in use up to 1985.

The people of Dezful (Dezfulis) speak Dezfuli
Dezfuli

Dezfuli is an Indo-European languages spoken in Dezful....
, a Persian dialect distinct to the city.

Geography


Dezful sits on the main north-south highway from Tehran to Ahvaz, the provincial capital of Khuzestan. The main rail line from Tehran to the Persian Gulf is 15 km (9 mi) from Dezful, on the opposite side of the Dez River.

The city lies close to the foothills of the Zagros Mountains
Zagros Mountains

The Zagros , are the largest mountain range in Iran and Iraq. They have a total length of 1 500 km from western Iran, on the border with Iraq to the southern parts of the Persian Gulf....
.

Economy


Dezful is the primary commercial center for northern Khuzestan and a market for the agricultural products of Lorestan province. The city also contains a large cotton textile mill and many small- and medium-scale industries. The Dez Dam
Dez Dam

The Dez Dam is a large hydroelectric dam built in Iran in 1963 by an Italian consortium.The dam is on the Dez River, the closest city being Dezful the onlyway to access the dam in the Northwestern province of Khuzestan....
, 203 m (666 ft) high, completed in 1963, is 32 km (20 mi) upstream from Dezful; the dam provides water and electricity for the city, as well as irrigation for nearby sugarcane farms.

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