Deucalion

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Deucalion

In Greek mythology

Greek mythology

Greek mythology is the body of myths and legends belonging to the Ancient Greece concerning their List of Greek mythological figures#Immortals and Greek hero cult, Cosmology#Metaphysical cosmology, and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices....
, Deucalion was a son of Prometheus

Prometheus

In Greek mythology, Prometheus is a Titan known for his wily intelligence, who stole fire from Zeus and gave it to human beings for their use....
and Pronoia

Pronoia

Pronoia refers to a system of land grants in the Byzantine Empire....
. When the anger of Zeus

Zeus

Zeus in Greek mythology is the king of the gods, the ruler of Mount Olympus and the god of the sky father and List of thunder gods. His symbols are the thunderbolt, eagle, bull , and oak....
was ignited against the hubris

Hubris

Hubris or hybris , mythology is a term used in modern English to indicate overweening pride, superciliousness, or arrogance, often resulting in fatal retribution....
of the Pelasgians

Pelasgians

Ages of Man

The Ages of Man are the stages of human existence on the Earth according to Classical mythology. Two classical authors in particular offer accounts of the successive ages of mankind, which tend to progress from an original, long-gone age in which humans enjoyed a nearly divine existence to the current age of the writer, in which humans are be...
with the Deluge. For Lycaon

Lycaon (mythology)

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In Greek mythology

Greek mythology

Prometheus

In Greek mythology, Prometheus is a Titan known for his wily intelligence, who stole fire from Zeus and gave it to human beings for their use....
and Pronoia

Pronoia

Pronoia refers to a system of land grants in the Byzantine Empire....
. When the anger of Zeus

Zeus

Hubris

Hubris or hybris , mythology is a term used in modern English to indicate overweening pride, superciliousness, or arrogance, often resulting in fatal retribution....
of the Pelasgians

Pelasgians

Ages of Man

Lycaon (mythology)

Lycaon was the son of Pelasgus and Mece in the form of a wolf was the origin of the myth that Lycaon, the founder of his cult, became a wolf, i.e....
, the king of Arcadia had sacrificed a boy to Zeus. Zeus was appalled at this cannibal offering and others like that. So Zeus set upon loosing a deluge, where the rivers would run in torrents and the sea encroach rapidly on the coastal plain, engulf the foothills with spray, and wash everything clean. Deucalion was then saved from this deluge, by the aid of his father Prometheus, like his Biblical analogue Noah

Noah

Etymology

Deucalion is parallel to Biblical Noah

Noah

Noah was, according to the Bible, the tenth and last of the antediluvian Patriarchs ; and a prophet according to the Qur'an. The biblical story of Noah is contained in the book of Book of Genesis, chapters 5-9, while the Qur'an has a whole sura named after and devoted to his story with other references elsewhere....
and to Utnapishtim, the survivor of the Sumerian flood that is told in the Epic of Gilgamesh
Epic of Gilgamesh

The Epic of Gilgamesh is an epic poetry from Ancient Mesopotamia and is among the ancient literature. Scholars believe that it originated as a series of Sumerian legends and poems about the mythological hero-king Gilgamesh, which were gathered into a longer Akkadian language poem much later; the most complete version existing today is pr...
. It has been suggested that Deucalion's name comes from de???? deucos, a variant of ??e????, "sweet new wine, must, sweetness" + ???e?? halieus "sailor, seaman, fisher" making him even more parallel to Noah, inventor of wine.. His wife Pyrrha's name is somewhat more certain: it is an adjective "p?????, ?, ??," meaning "flaming (figuratively, never with actual fire)" or "flame-colored, orange".

But perhaps a shred of earlier myth survives in the tale that another survivor of the Flood was Megaron, who was roused from his couch by the cries of Cranes

Crane (bird)

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds of the order Gruiformes, and family Gruidae. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back....
and climbed to the top of Mount Gerania ("Crane Mountain") and so was saved. And Cerambus of Pelion: he the nymphs changed to a scarab

Scarabaeidae

The family Scarabaeidae as presently defined consists of over 30,000 species of beetles worldwide. The species in this large family are often called scarabs or scarab artifact beetles....
beetle and he flew to the top of Mount Parnassus above the waters.

Deucalion in Ancient Greek mythography

Of Deucalion's birth, the Argonautica states:

"There [in Achaea

Achaea

Achaea is an ancient province and a present prefectures of Greece of Greece, on the northern coast of the Peloponnese, stretching from the mountain ranges of Erymanthus and Cyllene on the south to a narrow strip of fertile land on the north, bordering the Gulf of Corinth, into which the mountain Panachaicus projects....
, i.e. Greece] is a land encircled by lofty mountains, rich in sheep and in pasture, where Prometheus
Prometheus

In Greek mythology, Prometheus is a Titan known for his wily intelligence, who stole fire from Zeus and gave it to human beings for their use....
, son of Iapetus
Iapetus (mythology)

In Greek mythology, Iapetus, also Iapetos or Japetus , was a Titan , the son of Uranus and Gaia , and father of Atlas , Prometheus, Epimetheus , and Menoetius and through Prometheus, Epimetheus and Atlas an ancestor of the human race....
, begat goodly Deucalion, who first founded cities and reared temples to the immortal gods, and first ruled over men. This land the neighbours who dwell around call Haemonia [i.e. Thessaly

Thessaly

Thessaly is one of the 13 Peripheries of Greece of Greece, and is further sub-divided into 4 Prefectures of Greece. The capital of the periphery and traditional Regions of Greece is Larissa....
]."

The fullest accounts are provided in Ovid

Ovid

Publius Ovidius Naso was a Roman Empire poet known as Ovid to the English language-speaking world, who wrote about love, seduction, and Roman mythology transformation....
's Metamorphoses and in the Library

Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)

The Bibliotheca , in three books, provides a grand summary of traditional Greek mythology and heroic legends, "the most valuable mythographical work that has come down from ancient times," Aubrey Diller observed, whose "stultifying purpose" was neatly expressed in the epigram noted by Patriarch Photius I of Constantinople:...
of Pseudo-Apollodorus

Apollodorus

Apollodorus of Athens son of Asclepiades, was a Greeks scholar and grammarian. He was a pupil of Diogenes of Babylon, Panaetius, and the grammarian Aristarchus of Samothrace....
. Deucalion, who reigned over the region of Phthia

Phthia

Founded by Aiakos, grandfather of Achilles, it was the home of his father Peleus and his sea-nymph mother Thetis.Phthia is also an area in the 1988 Nintendo game "The Battle of Olympus," a playable level where the dragon Ladon and the god Hephaestus make their homes....
, had been forewarned of the flood by his father, Prometheus. Deucalion was to build an ark and provision it carefully (no animals are rescued in this version of the Flood myth), so that when the waters receded after nine days, he and his wife Pyrrha

Pyrrha

In Greek mythology, Pyrrha was the daughter of Epimetheus and Pandora and wife of Deucalion.When Zeus decided to end the Bronze Age with the great flood, Deucalion and his wife, Pyrrha, were the only survivors....
, daughter of Epimetheus

Epimetheus (mythology)

In Greek mythology, Epimetheus was the brother of Prometheus , a pair of Titan s who "acted as representatives of mankind" . They were the inseparable sons of Iapetus , who in other contexts was the father of Atlas ....
, were the one surviving pair of humans. Their ark touched solid ground on Mount Parnassus

Mount Parnassus

Mount Parnassus is a mountain of barren limestone in central Greece that towers above Delphi, north of the Gulf of Corinth, and offers scenic views of the surrounding olive groves and countryside....
, or Mount Etna

Mount Etna

Mount Etna is an active stratovolcano on the east coast of Sicily, close to Messina, Italy and Catania. Its Arabic name was Jebel Utlamat ....
in Sicily

Sicily

Sicily is an Autonomous regions with special statute of Italy. Of all the regions of Italy, Sicily covers the largest land area at 25,708 km? and currently has just over five million inhabitants....
, or Mount Athos

Mount Athos

Mount Athos is a mountain on the peninsula of the same name in Macedonia , of northern Greece, called in Greek language Agion Oros , or in English, "Holy Mountain"....
in Chalkidiki, or Mount Othrys

Mount Othrys

Mount Othrys is a mountain in Central Greece in the northeastern part of Fthiotis and southern part of Magnesia. The mountaintop is at the prefectural and the regional border at 1,728 m....
in Thessaly.

Hyginus

Gaius Julius Hyginus

Gaius Julius Hyginus was a Latin author, though whether a native of Spain or of Alexandria it is not clear, a pupil of the famous Alexander Cornelius, and a freedman of Caesar Augustus, by whom he was made superintendent of the Palatine library, according to Suetonius' minor works, De Grammaticis, 20....
mentions the opinion of a Hegesianax that Deucalion is to be identified with Aquarius

Aquarius (astrology)

name= Aquarius| image= Aquarius.svg| Symbol= Water Bearer| Tropical Start Date= January 20| Tropical Finish Date= February 19| Sidereal Start Date= February 15...
, "because during his reign such quantities of water poured from the sky that the great Flood resulted."

Once the deluge was over and the couple had given thanks to Zeus, Deucalion consulted an oracle

Oracle

An oracle is a person or agency considered to be a source of wise counsel or prophecy opinion; an infallible authority, usually Spirituality in nature....
of Themis

Themis

Themis is an Greek mythology. She is described as "of good counsel", and was the embodiment of divine order, law, and custom. Themis means "law of nature" rather than human ordinance, literally "that which is put in place", from the verb t?????, t?themi, to put....
about how to repopulate the earth. He was told to cover your head and throw the bones of your mother behind your shoulder. Deucalion and Pyrrha understood that "mother" is Gaia

Gaia (mythology)

Gaia Gaia is a Greek primordial gods and chthonic deity in the Ancient Greek Pantheon and considered a Mother Goddess or Great Goddess....
, the mother of all living things, and the "bones" to be rocks. They threw the rocks behind their shoulders and the stones formed people. Pyrrha's became women; Deucalion's became men.

Deucalion and Pyrrha had at least two children, Hellen

Hellen

Hellen , Greek Katharevousa: was the mythological patriarch of the Greeks, the son of Deucalion and Pyrrha, brother of Amphictyon and father of Aeolus, Xuthus, and Dorus....
and Protogenea

Protogenea

In Greek mythology, Protogenea was the name of two distinct figures:#Protogenea was the daughter of Deucalion and Pyrrha. With Zeus, she was mother to Opus, Aethlius and Aetolus....
, and possibly a third, Amphictyon

Amphictyon

Amphictyon , in Greek mythology, was the second son of Deucalion and Pyrrha, although there was also a tradition that he was autochthonous . Amphictyon was king of Thermopylae and married a daughter of Cranaus of Athens....
(who is autochthonous

Indigenous peoples

File:Kaiapos.jpegThe term indigenous peoples or autochthonous peoples can be used to describe any ethnic group of people who inhabit a geographic region with which they have the earliest known historical connection, alongside immigrants which have populated the region and which are greater in number....
in other traditions).

Their children as apparently named in one of the oldest texts, Catalogue of Women
Catalogue of Women

The Catalogue of Women is an Ancient Greek literature poem. Ancient writers sometimes attributed it to Hesiod, although the poem contains a few references to events and things after Hesiod's time that could suggest that they were later added or that the epic is of a completely different author....
, include daughters Pandora

Pandora

[Image:Pandora.jpg|right|thumb|300px|"The Creation of "[A]NESIDORA" on a white-ground kylix by the Tarquinia Painter, ca 460 BC In Greek mythology, Pandora was the first woman....
and Thyia

Thyia

According to Hesiod's Eoiae or Catalogue of Women, Thyia was the daughter of Deucalion and Pyrrha and mother of Magnes and Makednos by Zeus. In the Delphic tradition, Thyia was also the naiad of a spring on Mount Parnassos in Phocis , daughter of the river god Cephissus ....
, and sons Hellen and Idomeneus

Idomeneus

In Greek mythology, Idomeneus was a Crete warrior, father of Orsilochus, son of Deucalion , grandson of Minos and king of Crete. He led the Cretan armies to the Trojan War and was also one of Helen's suitors....
. Their descendants were said to have dwelt in Thessaly. One fragment agrees with later accounts in making Deucalion the son of Prometheus and Pronoea; another, the son of Minos

Minos

In Greek mythology, Minos was a mythical king of Crete, son of Zeus and Europa . After his death, Minos became a judge of the dead in Greek Underworld....
.

On the other hand, Dionysius of Halicarnassus

Dionysius of Halicarnassus

Dionysius of Halicarnassus was a Greeks historian and teacher of rhetoric, who flourished during the reign of Caesar Augustus....
gives Deucalion's parentage as Prometheus and Clymene

Asia (mythology)

Asia or Clymene in Greek mythology was a daughter of Oceanus and Tethys , the wife of the Titan Iapetus , and mother of Atlas , Prometheus, Epimetheus and Menoetius....
, daughter of Oceanus

Oceanus

Oceanus was believed to be the World Ocean in classical antiquity, which the Ancient Rome and Ancient Greece considered to be an enormous river encircling the world....
, and mentions nothing about a flood, but instead names him as commander of those from Parnassus who drove the "sixth generation" of Pelasgians

Pelasgians

The name Pelasgians was used by some Ancient Greece writers to refer to populations that preceded the Greeks in Greece, "a hold-all term for any ancient, primitive and presumably autochthonous people in the Greek world." During the Classical Greece enclaves under that name resided in several locations of mainland Greece, Crete and other regi...
from Thessaly.

One of the earliest Greek historians, Hecataeus of Miletus, was said to have written a book about Deucalion, but it no longer survives. The only extant fragment of his to mention Deucalion does not mention the flood either, but names him as the father of Orestheus

Orestheus

Orestheus, in Greek mythology, was a name attributed to two individuals.*Orestheus, a son of Deucalion and Pyrra, was king of the Ozolian Locris in Aetolia....
, king of Aetolia

Aetolia

Aetolia is a mountainous region of Greece on the north coast of the Gulf of Corinth, forming the eastern part of the modern prefectures of Greece of Aetolia-Acarnania....
. The much later geographer Pausanias

Pausanias (geographer)

Pausanias was a Roman Greece traveller and geographer of the 2nd century AD, who lived in the times of Hadrian, Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius....
, following on this tradition, names Deucalion as a king of Ozolian Locris

Ozolian Locris

Ozolian Locris or Esperian Locris was a district inhabited by the Ozolian Locrians a tribe of the Locrians, upon the Gulf of Corinth, bounded on the north by Doris , on the east by Phocis, and on the west by Aetolia....
and father of Orestheus. Plutarch

Plutarch

Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus , c. AD 46 ? 120 ? commonly known in English as Plutarch ? was a Ancient Rome historian , biographer, essayist, and Middle Platonism....
mentions a legend that Deucalion and Pyrrha had settled in Dodona

Dodona

Dodona in Epirus in northwestern Greece, was a prehistoric oracle devoted to the Mother Goddess identified at other sites with Rhea or Gaia , but here called Dione and later, in historical times also to the Greek mythology God Zeus....
, Epirus

Epirus (region)

Epirus is a region in south-eastern Europe, currently divided between the Peripheries of Greece Epirus in Greece and the prefectures of Gjirokast?r, Vlor?, Kor??, and Berat in southern Albania....
; while Strabo

Strabo

Strabo was a Ancient Greeks history, geography and philosophy....
asserts that they lived at Cynus

Opus, Greece

Opus , in Ancient Greece, the chief city of Opuntian or Opuntian Locris. It was located on the coast of mainland Greece opposite Euboea, perhaps at modern Atalandi....
, and that her grave is still to be found there, while his may be seen at Athens

Athens

Athens , the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery; as one of the List of cities by time of continuous habitation, its recorded history spans around 3,400 years....
; he also mentions a pair of Aegean islands named after the couple.

The 2nd century writer Lucian

Lucian

Lucian of Samosata was an Assyrian people rhetorician, and satire who wrote in the Greek language. He is noted for his witty and scoffing nature....
gave an account of the Greek Deucalion in De Dea Syria
De Dea Syria

De Dea Syria is the conventional Latin title of a work written in Greek that has been traditionally ascribed to the Hellenized Syrian essayist Lucian of Samosata....
that seems to refer more to the Near Eastern flood legends: in his version, Deucalion (whom he also calls Sisythus) took his children, their wives, and pairs of animals with him on the ark, and later built a great temple in Manbij (northern Syria), on the site of the chasm that received all the waters; he further describes how pilgrims brought vessels of sea water to this place twice a year, from as far as Arabia and Mesopotamia, to commemorate this event.

Deucalion's flood may be dated in the chronology

Chronicon (Jerome)

The Chronicle was a universal chronicle, one of Jerome's earliest attempts in the department of history. It was composed circa 380 in Constantinople; this is a translation into Latin of the chronological tables which compose the second part of the Chronicon of Eusebius, with a supplement covering the period from 325 to 379....
of Saint Jerome

Jerome

Saint Jerome was a Christian priest and Christian apologetics best known for translating the Vulgate. He is recognized by the Catholic Church as a canonized saint and Doctor of the Church, and his version of the Bible is still an important text in Catholicism....
to ca. 1460 BC.

Deucalionids

The descendants of Deucalion and Pyrrha are the below:

Hellen
Hellen

Hellen , Greek Katharevousa: was the mythological patriarch of the Greeks, the son of Deucalion and Pyrrha, brother of Amphictyon and father of Aeolus, Xuthus, and Dorus....
,Amphictyon
Amphictyon

Amphictyon , in Greek mythology, was the second son of Deucalion and Pyrrha, although there was also a tradition that he was autochthonous . Amphictyon was king of Thermopylae and married a daughter of Cranaus of Athens....
,Orestheus
Orestheus

Orestheus, in Greek mythology, was a name attributed to two individuals.*Orestheus, a son of Deucalion and Pyrra, was king of the Ozolian Locris in Aetolia....
,Protogeneia
Protogeneia

Protogeneia was a daughter of Deucalion and Pyrrha, the progenitors in Greek mythology.References*...
,Pandora II
Pandora II

Pandora II was a daughter of Deucalion and Pyrra. She was the mother of Graecus by Zeus.References...
and Thyia
Thyia

According to Hesiod's Eoiae or Catalogue of Women, Thyia was the daughter of Deucalion and Pyrrha and mother of Magnes and Makednos by Zeus. In the Delphic tradition, Thyia was also the naiad of a spring on Mount Parnassos in Phocis , daughter of the river god Cephissus ....
are their children.
Aeolus
Aeolus

Aeolus , Latinized as ?olus was the ruler of the winds in Greek mythology. In fact this name was shared by three mythic characters. These three personages are often difficult to tell apart, and even the ancient mythographers appear to have been perplexed about which Aeolus was which....
,Aethlius
Aethlius

Aethlius was, in Greek mythology, the first king of Elis, father of Endymion . He was the son of either Zeus and Protogeneia , and was married to Calyce ....
,Dorus
Dorus

In Greek mythology, Dorus is the name of several individuals:#Dorus was a son of Hellen and founder of the Dorian nation. Each of Hellen's sons founded a primary tribe of Greece - Aeolus the Aeolians, Dorus the Dorians and Xuthus the Achaeans and the Ionians together with his sister's Pandora's sons with Zeus and according to Hesiod's "...
,Graecus
Graecus

Graecus or Gr?cus was, according to Hesiod's "Eoiae" or Catalogue of Women on the origin of the Greeks, the son of Pandora II and Zeus....
,Makednos
Makednos

Makednos, also Makedon or Macedon , was, according to Hesiod's Eoiae or Catalogue of Women on the origin of the Greeks, the son of Thyia and Zeus, brother of Thessalian Magnes and cousin of Boeotian or Epirus Graecus....
,Magnes
Magnes

Magnes may refer to:* Macarius Magnes, bishop of Magnesia* Judah Leon Magnes, rabbi** Judah L. Magnes Museum, a Jewish museum in Berkeley, California, named after the rabbi...
,Orestheus
Orestheus

Orestheus, in Greek mythology, was a name attributed to two individuals.*Orestheus, a son of Deucalion and Pyrra, was king of the Ozolian Locris in Aetolia....
,Xuthus
Xuthus

In Greek mythology, Xuthus was a son of Hellen and Orseis and founder of the Achaeans and Ionians nations. He had two sons by Creusa: Ionas and Achaeus, son of Xuthus and a daughter named Diomede....
are their grandsons.

Primary sources

Hesiod
Hesiod

Hesiod was a Greek language oral poet, his date is uncertain but leading scholars agree that Hesiod lived in the latter half of the Eighth-century BCE....
, Catalogue of Women
Catalogue of Women

The Catalogue of Women is an Ancient Greek literature poem. Ancient writers sometimes attributed it to Hesiod, although the poem contains a few references to events and things after Hesiod's time that could suggest that they were later added or that the epic is of a completely different author....
fragments 1-3, 5, 68, 82 (ca. 700 BC)
Hecataeus of Miletus, frag. 341 (500 BC)
Pindar
Pindar

Pindar , was an Ancient Greek Lyric poetry poet.Of the canonical nine lyric poets of ancient Greece, Pindar is the one whose work is by far the best preserved, and critics in antiquity tended to regard him as the greatest....
, Olympian Odes 9 (466 BC)
Plato
Plato

Plato , was a Classical Greece Greeks philosopher, mathematician, writer of philosophical dialogues, and founder of the Platonic Academy in Ancient Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the western world....
, "Timaeus
Timaeus

Timaeus is a Greek name, meaning "Honour". It may refer to:*Timaeus , a Socratic dialogue by Plato*Timaeus of Locri, the 5th-century Pythagorean philosopher, appearing in Plato's dialogue...
" 22B, "Critias
Critias

Critias , born in Classical Athens, son of Callaeschrus, was an uncle of Plato, and a leading member of the Thirty Tyrants, and one of the most violent....
" 112A (4th. c.AD)
Apollonius of Rhodes
Apollonius of Rhodes

Apollonius of Rhodes, also known as Apollonius Rhodius , early 3rd century BCE - after 246 BCE, was a librarian at the Library of Alexandria....
, Argonautica 3.1086 (3rd c. BC)
Virgil
Virgil

Publius Vergilius Maro was a classical Roman poet, best known for three major works?the Bucolics , the Georgics and the Aeneid?although several Appendix Vergiliana are also attributed to him....
, Georgics
Georgics

The Georgics, published in 29 BCE, is the second major work by the Latin poet Virgil. Its ostensible subject is rural life and farming. It is generally described as Didacticism....
1.62 (29 BC)
Gaius Julius Hyginus
Gaius Julius Hyginus

Gaius Julius Hyginus was a Latin author, though whether a native of Spain or of Alexandria it is not clear, a pupil of the famous Alexander Cornelius, and a freedman of Caesar Augustus, by whom he was made superintendent of the Palatine library, according to Suetonius' minor works, De Grammaticis, 20....
, Fabulae 153; Poeticon astronomicon
Poeticon astronomicon

Poeticon astronomicon is a star atlas whose text is attributed to "Hyginus", though the true authorship is disputed. During the Renaissance, the work was attributed to the Rome historian Gaius Julius Hyginus who lived during the first century B.C....
2.29 (ca. 20 BC)
Dionysius of Halicarnassus
Dionysius of Halicarnassus

Dionysius of Halicarnassus was a Greeks historian and teacher of rhetoric, who flourished during the reign of Caesar Augustus....
, Roman Antiquities 1.17.3 (ca 15 BC)
Ovid
Ovid

Publius Ovidius Naso was a Roman Empire poet known as Ovid to the English language-speaking world, who wrote about love, seduction, and Roman mythology transformation....
, Metamorphoses, 1.318ff.; 7.356 (ca. 8 AD)
Strabo
Strabo

Strabo was a Ancient Greeks history, geography and philosophy....
, Geographica
Géographica

G?ographica is the French language magazine of the Royal Canadian Geographical Society , published under the Society's French name, the Soci?t? g?ographique royale du Canada ....
, 9.4 (ca. 23 AD)
Apollodorus
Apollodorus

Apollodorus of Athens son of Asclepiades, was a Greeks scholar and grammarian. He was a pupil of Diogenes of Babylon, Panaetius, and the grammarian Aristarchus of Samothrace....
, Library
Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)

The Bibliotheca , in three books, provides a grand summary of traditional Greek mythology and heroic legends, "the most valuable mythographical work that has come down from ancient times," Aubrey Diller observed, whose "stultifying purpose" was neatly expressed in the epigram noted by Patriarch Photius I of Constantinople:...
1.7.2 (ca. 1st c. AD?)
Plutarch
Plutarch

Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus , c. AD 46 ? 120 ? commonly known in English as Plutarch ? was a Ancient Rome historian , biographer, essayist, and Middle Platonism....
, Life of Pyrrhus, 1 (75 AD)
Lucian
Lucian

Lucian of Samosata was an Assyrian people rhetorician, and satire who wrote in the Greek language. He is noted for his witty and scoffing nature....
, De Dea Syria
De Dea Syria

De Dea Syria is the conventional Latin title of a work written in Greek that has been traditionally ascribed to the Hellenized Syrian essayist Lucian of Samosata....
12, 13, 28, 33 (2nd c. AD)
Pausanias
Pausanias (geographer)

Pausanias was a Roman Greece traveller and geographer of the 2nd century AD, who lived in the times of Hadrian, Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius....
, Description of Greece 10.38.1 (2nd c. AD)
Nonnus
Nonnus

Nonnus , was a Greek language epic poet. He was a native of Panopolis in the Egyptian Thebaid, and probably lived at the end of the 4th or early 5th century....
, Dionysiaca 3.211; 6.367 (ca. 500 AD)

External links

from Charles Smith, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1867), with source citations and some variants not given here.
from Carlos Parada, Genealogical Guide to Greek Mythology.

Deucalion

Etymology

Deucalion in Ancient Greek mythography

Deucalionids

Primary sources

External links

See also