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Deposition (geology)
 
 
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Deposition is the geological
Geology

Geology is the science and study of the solid and liquid matter that constitute the Earth. The field of geology encompasses the study of the composition, structural geology, physical properties, dynamics, and History of the Earth of Earth materials, and the processes by which they are formed, moved, and changed....
 process by which material is added to a landform
Landform

In the earth sciences and geology sub-fields a landform or physical feature comprises a geomorphology unit, and is largely defined by its surface form and location in the landscape, as part of the terrain, and as such, is typically an element of topography....
 or land mass. Fluids such as wind and water, as well as sediment gravity flows, transport previously eroded
Erosion

For morphological image processing operations, see Erosion 'For use of in dermatopathology, see Erosion Erosion is the removal of solids in the natural environment....
 sediment, which, at the loss of enough kinetic energy in the fluid, is deposited, building up layers of sediment.

Deposition occurs when the forces responsible for sediment transportation are no longer sufficient to overcome the forces of particle weight and friction, which resist motion.






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Deposition is the geological
Geology

Geology is the science and study of the solid and liquid matter that constitute the Earth. The field of geology encompasses the study of the composition, structural geology, physical properties, dynamics, and History of the Earth of Earth materials, and the processes by which they are formed, moved, and changed....
 process by which material is added to a landform
Landform

In the earth sciences and geology sub-fields a landform or physical feature comprises a geomorphology unit, and is largely defined by its surface form and location in the landscape, as part of the terrain, and as such, is typically an element of topography....
 or land mass. Fluids such as wind and water, as well as sediment gravity flows, transport previously eroded
Erosion

For morphological image processing operations, see Erosion 'For use of in dermatopathology, see Erosion Erosion is the removal of solids in the natural environment....
 sediment, which, at the loss of enough kinetic energy in the fluid, is deposited, building up layers of sediment.

Deposition occurs when the forces responsible for sediment transportation are no longer sufficient to overcome the forces of particle weight and friction, which resist motion. Deposition can also refer to the build up of a sediment from organically derived matter or chemical processes. For example, chalk
Chalk

Chalk is a soft, white, porous sedimentary rock, a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite. It forms under relatively deep marine conditions from the gradual accumulation of minute calcite plates shed from micro-organisms called coccolithophores....
 is made up partly of the microscopic calcium carbonate
Calcium carbonate

Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CalciumCarbonOxygen3. It is a common substance found as Rock in all parts of the world, and is the main component of seashells, snails, and eggshells....
 skeletons of marine plankton
Plankton

Plankton consist of any drifting organisms that inhabit the pelagic zone of oceans, seas, or bodies of fresh water. Plankton are defined by their ecological niche rather than their Phylogenetics or taxonomy classification....
, the deposition of which has induced chemical processes (diagenesis
Diagenesis

In geology and oceanography, diagenesis is any chemical, physical, or biological change undergone by a sediment after its initial deposition and during and after its lithification, exclusive of surface alteration and metamorphism....
) to deposit further calcium carbonate. Similarly, the formation of coal
Coal

Coal is a readily combustion black or brownish-black sedimentary rock. The harder forms, such as anthracite, can be regarded as metamorphic rock because of later exposure to elevated temperature and pressure....
 begins with the deposition of organic material, mainly from plants, in anaerobic
Hypoxia (environmental)

Hypoxia or oxygen depletion is a phenomenon that occurs in aquatic environments as oxygen becomes reduced in concentration to a point detrimental to aquatic organisms living in the system....
 conditions.

See also

  • Cementation
    Cementation

    Cementation may refer to:*Cementation , the process of deposition of dissolved mineral components in the interstices of sediments*Cementation , a small deposit of calcium, similar to a cyst...
  • Cross-bedding
    Cross-bedding

    In geology, cross-bedding refers to inclined sedimentary rocks in a horizontal unit of rock. These tilted structures are deposits from bedforms such as ripples and dunes, and they indicate that the Sedimentary depositional environment contained a flowing fluid ....
  • Diagenesis
    Diagenesis

    In geology and oceanography, diagenesis is any chemical, physical, or biological change undergone by a sediment after its initial deposition and during and after its lithification, exclusive of surface alteration and metamorphism....
  • Overbank
    Overbank

    The term overbank describes the type of Alluvium geological deposit or Sedimentary rock that is deposited on the flood plain of a river. Because it occurs outside the main channel, away from faster flow, the deposit tends to be fine-grained....
  • Sedimentary rock
    Sedimentary rock

    Sedimentary rock is one of the three main Rock types . Sedimentary rock is formed by deposition and consolidation of mineral and organic material and from precipitation of minerals from solution....
  • Sediment
    Sediment

    Sediment is any particulate matter that can be sediment transport by fluid dynamics, and which eventually is deposited.Sediments are most often transported by water transported by wind and glaciers....
  • Sediment transport
    Sediment transport

    Sediment transport is the movement of solid particles due to the movement of the fluid in which they are entrained. This is typically studied in natural systems, where the particles are clastic rocks , mud, or clay, and the fluid is air, water, or ice....
  • Geologists
    • Shen Kuo
      Shen Kuo

      Shen Kuo or Shen Kua , Chinese style name Cunzhong and Chinese style name#H?o Mengqi Weng, was a polymathic China History of science and technology in China and statesman of the Song Dynasty ....
       - 11th century Chinese scientist
    • Georgius Agricola - 16th century German scientist