Demographics of Malta
Encyclopedia
This article is about the demographic
Demographics
Demographics are the most recent statistical characteristics of a population. These types of data are used widely in sociology , public policy, and marketing. Commonly examined demographics include gender, race, age, disabilities, mobility, home ownership, employment status, and even location...

 features of the population
Population
A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area. The area that is used to define a sexual population is such that inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals...

 of Malta
Malta
Malta , officially known as the Republic of Malta , is a Southern European country consisting of an archipelago situated in the centre of the Mediterranean, south of Sicily, east of Tunisia and north of Libya, with Gibraltar to the west and Alexandria to the east.Malta covers just over in...

, including population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...

, ethnicity
Ethnic group
An ethnic group is a group of people whose members identify with each other, through a common heritage, often consisting of a common language, a common culture and/or an ideology that stresses common ancestry or endogamy...

, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Characteristics

Malta
Malta
Malta , officially known as the Republic of Malta , is a Southern European country consisting of an archipelago situated in the centre of the Mediterranean, south of Sicily, east of Tunisia and north of Libya, with Gibraltar to the west and Alexandria to the east.Malta covers just over in...

 is the most densely populated country in the EU and one of the most densely populated countries in the world, with about 1,265 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,000 per square mile). This compares with about 32 per square kilometre (85 per square mile) for the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

. A census (held every 10 years) was held in November 2005.

Inhabited since prehistoric times, Malta was first colonized by Sicilians
Sicily
Sicily is a region of Italy, and is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. Along with the surrounding minor islands, it constitutes an autonomous region of Italy, the Regione Autonoma Siciliana Sicily has a rich and unique culture, especially with regard to the arts, music, literature,...

. Subsequently, Phoenicia
Phoenicia
Phoenicia , was an ancient civilization in Canaan which covered most of the western, coastal part of the Fertile Crescent. Several major Phoenician cities were built on the coastline of the Mediterranean. It was an enterprising maritime trading culture that spread across the Mediterranean from 1550...

ns, Romans
Ancient Rome
Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....

, Byzantine
Byzantine
Byzantine usually refers to the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages.Byzantine may also refer to:* A citizen of the Byzantine Empire, or native Greek during the Middle Ages...

s, Arab
Arab
Arab people, also known as Arabs , are a panethnicity primarily living in the Arab world, which is located in Western Asia and North Africa. They are identified as such on one or more of genealogical, linguistic, or cultural grounds, with tribal affiliations, and intra-tribal relationships playing...

s in 870 CE, Normans
Normans
The Normans were the people who gave their name to Normandy, a region in northern France. They were descended from Norse Viking conquerors of the territory and the native population of Frankish and Gallo-Roman stock...

, Sicilians, Spanish
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...

, French
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

 and the British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

 have influenced Maltese life and culture to varying degrees. Most of the foreign community in Malta, predominantly active or retired British
British people
The British are citizens of the United Kingdom, of the Isle of Man, any of the Channel Islands, or of any of the British overseas territories, and their descendants...

 nationals and their dependents, is centred on Sliema
Sliema
Tas-Sliema is a city located on the northeast coast of Malta. It is a centre for shopping, restaurants and café life. Tas-Sliema is also a major commercial and residential area and houses several of Malta's most modern hotels. Tas-Sliema, which means 'peace, comfort', was once a quiet fishing...

 and surrounding modern suburbs. Other smaller foreign groups include Italian
Italian people
The Italian people are an ethnic group that share a common Italian culture, ancestry and speak the Italian language as a mother tongue. Within Italy, Italians are defined by citizenship, regardless of ancestry or country of residence , and are distinguished from people...

s, French
French people
The French are a nation that share a common French culture and speak the French language as a mother tongue. Historically, the French population are descended from peoples of Celtic, Latin and Germanic origin, and are today a mixture of several ethnic groups...

, and Lebanese
Lebanese people
The Lebanese people are a nation and ethnic group of Levantine people originating in what is today the country of Lebanon, including those who had inhabited Mount Lebanon prior to the creation of the modern Lebanese state....

, many of whom have assimilated into the Maltese nation over the decades.

Mass emigration picked up in the 19th century, reaching its peak in the decades after World War II. Migration was initially to north African countries (particularly Algeria
Algeria
Algeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab...

, Tunisia
Tunisia
Tunisia , officially the Tunisian RepublicThe long name of Tunisia in other languages used in the country is: , is the northernmost country in Africa. It is a Maghreb country and is bordered by Algeria to the west, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Its area...

 and Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...

); later Maltese migrants headed towards the United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

, the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

, Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...

 and Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...

. There is little trace left of the Maltese communities in north Africa, most of them having been displaced, after the rise of independence movements, to places like Marseille
Marseille
Marseille , known in antiquity as Massalia , is the second largest city in France, after Paris, with a population of 852,395 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Marseille extends beyond the city limits with a population of over 1,420,000 on an area of...

, the United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

 or Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...

. Although migration has ceased to be a social phenomenon of significance there are still important Maltese communities in Australia
Maltese Australian
Maltese Australians are residents or citizens of Australia who are of Maltese ancestry or Maltese citizens. While most of them emigrated to Australia from Malta, a number emigrated from the United Kingdom where they had settled after having been expelled from Egypt, as holders of British passports,...

, Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...

, the United States
Maltese American
Maltese American is a citizen or resident of the United States with ethnic origins in the southern European nation of Malta.-History:The first immigrants from Malta in the United States arrived in New Orleans, Louisiana. Many Americans assumed Malta was part of Italy. In some cases "Born Malta,...

 and the United Kingdom. Since Malta joined the EU in 2004 expatriate
Expatriate
An expatriate is a person temporarily or permanently residing in a country and culture other than that of the person's upbringing...

 communities emerged in a number of European countries particularly in Belgium
Maltese in Belgium
Maltese in Belgium are people from Malta resident in Belgium, whether permanently or temporarily. They include Maltese who have acquired Belgian citizenship, students and workers with International organizations.- Population :...

 and Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Luxembourg , officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , is a landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. It has two principal regions: the Oesling in the North as part of the Ardennes massif, and the Gutland in the south...

.

Roman Catholicism is established by law as the religion of Malta with 98%; however, full liberty of conscience and freedom of worship is guaranteed, and a number of faiths have places of worship on the island (extremely small sects, a combined total of 2% of the people are Protestants, Eastern Orthodox
Eastern Orthodox Church
The Orthodox Church, officially called the Orthodox Catholic Church and commonly referred to as the Eastern Orthodox Church, is the second largest Christian denomination in the world, with an estimated 300 million adherents mainly in the countries of Belarus, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Georgia, Greece,...

, Muslims and Jews
Jews
The Jews , also known as the Jewish people, are a nation and ethnoreligious group originating in the Israelites or Hebrews of the Ancient Near East. The Jewish ethnicity, nationality, and religion are strongly interrelated, as Judaism is the traditional faith of the Jewish nation...

).

Malta has two official languages--Maltese
Maltese language
Maltese is the national language of Malta, and a co-official language of the country alongside English,while also serving as an official language of the European Union, the only Semitic language so distinguished. Maltese is descended from Siculo-Arabic...

 (a Semitic language derived from Siculo-Arabic
Siculo-Arabic
Siculo-Arabic was a variety of Arabic spoken in Sicily and Malta between the ninth and the fourteenth centuries. It is extinct in Sicily, but it has developed into what is now the Maltese language on the islands of Malta....

 and heavily influenced by Sicilian
Sicilian language
Sicilian is a Romance language. Its dialects make up the Extreme-Southern Italian language group, which are spoken on the island of Sicily and its satellite islands; in southern and central Calabria ; in the southern parts of Apulia, the Salento ; and Campania, on the Italian mainland, where it is...

 and Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...

), and English
English language
English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...

. Both languages are compulsory subjects in Maltese primary and secondary schools. A large portion of the population is also fluent in Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...

, which was, until 1936, the national language of Malta. The literacy rate has reached 93%, compared to 63% in 1946. Schooling is compulsory until age 16.

Vital statistics

Average population (x 1000) Live births Deaths Natural change Crude birth rate (per 1000) Crude death rate (per 1000) Natural change (per 1000)
1932 246 8 000 5 150 2 850 32.5 20.9 11.6
1933 250 8 300 5 100 3 200 33.2 20.4 12.8
1934 254 8 544 5 702 2 842 33.6 22.4 11.2
1935 256 8 701 6 018 2 683 34.0 23.5 10.5
1936 259 8 875 4 617 4 258 34.3 17.8 16.4
1937 263 8 879 5 304 3 575 33.8 20.2 13.6
1938 267 8 704 5 399 3 305 32.6 20.2 12.4
1939 269 8 930 5 385 3 545 33.2 20.0 13.2
1940 270 8 808 6 144 2 664 32.6 22.8 9.9
1941 271 7 352 6 444 908 27.1 23.8 3.4
1942 270 6 768 8 603 -1 835 25.1 31.9 -6.8
1943 271 8 452 5 578 2 874 31.2 20.6 10.6
1944 276 10 963 3 700 7 263 39.7 13.4 26.3
1945 283 10 998 4 016 6 982 38.9 14.2 24.7
1946 291 11 304 4 050 7 254 38.8 13.9 24.9
1947 300 11 612 3 838 7 774 38.7 12.8 25.9
1948 306 11 029 3 737 7 292 36.0 12.2 23.8
1949 311 10 590 3 326 7 264 34.1 10.7 23.4
1950 312 10 281 3 224 7 057 33.0 10.3 22.6
1951 313 9 511 3 476 6 035 30.4 11.1 19.3
1952 317 9 226 3 365 5 861 29.1 10.6 18.5
1953 317 8 977 2 848 6 129 28.3 9.0 19.3
1954 320 8 991 3 071 5 920 28.1 9.6 18.5
1955 314 8 560 2 683 5 877 27.3 8.5 18.7
1956 314 8 418 2 918 5 500 26.8 9.3 17.5
1957 319 8 794 2 955 5 839 27.6 9.3 18.3
1958 322 8 528 2 657 5 871 26.5 8.3 18.2
1959 325 8 499 2 836 5 663 26.2 8.7 17.4
1960 329 8 565 2 819 5 746 26.0 8.6 17.5
1961 329 7 674 2 937 4 737 23.3 8.9 14.4
1962 329 7 513 2 840 4 673 22.8 8.6 14.2
1963 328 6 672 2 981 3 691 20.3 9.1 11.3
1964 324 6 394 2 756 3 638 19.7 8.5 11.2
1965 319 5 628 3 001 2 627 17.6 9.4 8.2
1966 317 5 340 2 865 2 475 16.8 9.0 7.8
1967 319 5 309 2 985 2 324 16.6 9.4 7.3
1968 319 5 145 2 883 2 262 16.1 9.0 7.1
1969 323 5 096 3 024 2 072 15.8 9.4 6.4
1970 303 5 314 3 070 2 244 17.5 10.1 7.4
1971 303 5 562 3 090 2 472 18.4 10.2 8.2
1972 303 5 385 2 891 2 494 17.8 9.5 8.2
1973 303 5 631 2 935 2 696 18.6 9.7 8.9
1974 303 5 691 2 747 2 944 18.8 9.1 9.7
1975 304 6 007 2 900 3 107 19.8 9.5 10.2
1976 307 5 927 2 967 2 960 19.3 9.7 9.6
1977 310 5 937 2 872 3 065 19.2 9.3 9.9
1978 319 5 641 3 263 2 378 17.7 10.2 7.5
1979 320 5 823 2 968 2 855 18.2 9.3 8.9
1980 324 5 602 3 215 2 387 17.3 9.9 7.4
1981 327 5 592 3 062 2 530 17.1 9.4 7.7
1982 330 5 912 3 050 2 862 17.9 9.2 8.7
1983 334 5 651 3 137 2 514 16.9 9.4 7.5
1984 337 5 571 2 903 2 668 16.5 8.6 7.9
1985 340 5 430 2 837 2 593 16.0 8.4 7.6
1986 347 5 245 2 824 2 421 15.1 8.1 7.0
1987 350 5 314 2 908 2 406 15.2 8.3 6.9
1988 353 5 533 2 708 2 825 15.7 7.7 8.0
1989 356 5 584 2 610 2 974 15.7 7.3 8.3
1990 360 5 368 2 745 2 623 14.9 7.6 7.3
1991 364 5 302 2 875 2 427 14.6 7.9 6.7
1992 368 5 474 2 900 2 574 14.9 7.9 7.0
1993 371 5 147 2 692 2 455 13.9 7.2 6.6
1994 375 4 826 2 698 2 128 12.9 7.2 5.7
1995 377 4 613 2 708 1 905 12.2 7.2 5.0
1996 380 5 038 2 765 2 273 13.3 7.3 6.0
1997 383 4 848 2 888 1 960 12.7 7.5 5.1
1998 385 4 670 3 044 1 626 12.1 7.9 4.2
1999 388 4 403 3 097 1 306 11.4 8.0 3.4
2000 390 4 392 2 957 1 435 11.3 7.6 3.7
2001 393 3 957 2 935 1 022 10.1 7.5 2.6
2002 396 3 918 3 031 887 9.9 7.7 2.2
2003 399 4 050 3 164 886 10.2 7.9 2.2
2004 401 3 887 2 999 888 9.7 7.5 2.2
2005 404 3 858 3 130 728 9.6 7.8 1.8
2006 406 3 885 3 216 669 9.6 7.9 1.6
2007 409 3 871 3 111 760 9.5 7.6 1.9
2008 412 4 126 3 243 883 10.0 7.9 2.1
2009 413 4 143 3 221 922 10.0 7.8 2.2
2010

CIA World Factbook demographic statistics

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.

Largest Cities:
  • Birkirkara
    Birkirkara
    Birkirkara or B'Kara is a city of 25,858 inhabitants in central Malta. It is the most populated town on the island and consists of four autonomous parishes: St Helen, St Joseph, Our Lady of Mount Carmel and St Mary. It also houses one of the most famous colleges in Malta, St Aloysius' College...

  • Mosta
    Mosta
    Mosta is a town situated in the middle of the island of Malta, to the north-west of Valletta. It had a population of 19,018 people in 2010. Mosta celebrates the feast of Saint Mary the Assumption on the 15th August. This is a very popular feast among the Mostin and tourists alike...

  • Qormi
    Qormi
    Qormi is a city in Malta with a population of 18,550 , which makes it the second largest locality in Malta...

  • Żabbar
    Zabbar
    Ħaż-Żabbar is the fourth largest town in Malta, with a population of 17,030 . Originally a part of Żejtun, Ħaż-Żabbar was granted the title of Città Hompesch by the last of the Grandmasters of the Knights of St...

  • San Pawl il-Baħar
  • Sliema
    Sliema
    Tas-Sliema is a city located on the northeast coast of Malta. It is a centre for shopping, restaurants and café life. Tas-Sliema is also a major commercial and residential area and houses several of Malta's most modern hotels. Tas-Sliema, which means 'peace, comfort', was once a quiet fishing...

  • San Ġwann
    San Gwann
    -History:The San Ġwann suburb is mostly made up of relatively modern buildings having been established as a parish only in 1965. However, the few scattered archeological remains found in the region suggest that San Ġwann has an ancient history which is woven into the national history of Malta.The...

  • Rabat
    Rabat, Malta
    Rabat is a village just outside Mdina, Malta. The name of the village is derived from the Arabic word for 'suburb': الرباط, as it was the suburb of the old capital Mdina. Half of the present-day village core also formed part of the Roman city of Melita, before the latter was resized during the...

  • Żejtun
    Zejtun
    Żejtun is a medium sized town in the south of Malta. Żejtun holds the title of Città Beland, which was bestowed by Ferdinand von Hompesch zu Bolheim, Grandmaster of Knights of Malta in 1797, Beland being his mother's surname....

  • Naxxar
    Naxxar
    Naxxar is a village in the central north of Malta, with a population of about 13,647 people . The Naxxar Church is dedicated to Our Lady of Victories. The feast is celebrated on September 8...



Age structure:

0–14 years:
17.1% (male 35,264; female 33,368)

15–64 years:
69.1% (male 139,890; female 136,767)

65 years and over:
13.7% (male 23,554; female 31,371) (2006 est.)

Sex ratio:

at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.06 male(s)/female

15–64 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.75 male(s)/female

total population:
0.99 male(s)/female (2006 est.)

Infant mortality rate:
3.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:

total population:
79.01 years

male:
76.83 years

female:
81.31 years (2006 est.)

Total fertility rate:
1.5 children born/woman (2006 est.)

Nationality:

noun:
Maltese (singular and plural)

adjective:
Maltese

Ethnic groups:
  • Maltese
    Maltese people
    The Maltese are an ethnic group indigenous to the Southern European nation of Malta, and identified with the Maltese language. Malta is an island in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea...

     - 95.3%
  • British
    British people
    The British are citizens of the United Kingdom, of the Isle of Man, any of the Channel Islands, or of any of the British overseas territories, and their descendants...

    - 1.6%
  • Others - 3.1%


Religions:
Roman Catholic 98%

Languages:
Maltese (official), English (official)

Literacy:

definition:
age 10 and over can read and write

total population:
92.8%

male:
92%

female:
93.6% (2003 est.)
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